Effect of green manuring,blue-green algae and neem-cake-coated urea on wetland rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Summary A field trial was set up to examine the effect of green manuring, blue-green algae, and neem-cake-coated urea on a rice crop. Summer green manuring using Sesbania aculeata increased the crop yield. Inoculation of blue-green algae increased the rice grain yield when 60 kg N ha^-1 was applied as prilled urea, but the increase in grain yield was greater when 60 kg N ha^-1 was applied as neem-cake-coated urea. The results of the present study show that applications of green manure, neem-cake-coated urea, and blue-green algae are complementary and that the three treatments can be used together in the rice ecosystem. The green manure and the fertilizer treatments had no effect on the algal flora of the soil.     

Development of techniques for the cultivation of Lessonia trabeculata Villouta et Santelices (Phaeophyceae: Laminariales) in Chile

Large quantities of brown algae have traditionally been exported from Chile as a raw material, of which Lessonia spp. has amounted to over 130 000 tons annually since 1995. To the export demand has recently been added the new demand for high‐quality Lessonia spp. as a foodstuff for the expanding abalone culture industry in Chile. The present study is based on efforts to produce significant quantities of Lessonia trabeculata in long‐line culture as food for tank‐cultured Haliotis rufescens Swainson and Haliotis discus‐hannae Ino, which accept it as an excellent source of nutrition. Small sporophytes of L. trabeculata were propagated in the laboratory from reproductive blades harvested by diving near Coquimbo (30°S). The best culture substrate was polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in small pieces, inserted into the nylon cord for final culturing. Enrichment of sea water with agricultural‐grade fertilizer produced no differences in growth and development of the Lessonia compared with results obtained using Provasoli medium. Sporophytes 1–2 cm in length cultured on 12‐mm cord were transferred to outdoor tanks with circulating sea water and strong aeration where they were outgrown to 15–20 cm length; at this size, they were transferred to a 50‐m long line in the ocean. In a 1‐year period, individual plants reached up to 1.7 kg in mass, with average values per cord of about 9 kg. Total production from the long line was about 500 kg fresh weight of the alga. In comparative testing, H. discus hannae grew as well on the cultured algae as on naturally occurring L. trabeculata.     

南极冰藻绿藻B-7的异养培养

2001年10月至2002年4月在中国第18次南极科学考察时采得南极海水水样和海冰样品,从中分离纯化出南极冰藻绿藻B 7,通过单因子试验及L25(56)正交试验表对其进行异养培养条件研究,并采用全量凯氏定氮法及气相色谱法测定该藻在异养培养条件下生化组成的变化。结果表明,在异养培养条件下,绿藻B 7的生长速率约为自养条件下的2倍。绿藻B 7异养培养最适有机碳、氮源分别为葡萄糖、蛋白胨;绿藻B 7的最佳异养培养条件为:培养温度4℃,培养液起始pH值6～8,250mL三角瓶装液量50mL,接种量20%。与自养条件相比,异养绿藻B 7细胞内生化组成有所变化:蛋白质含量升高,饱和脂肪酸及多不饱和脂肪酸占总脂肪酸的含量下降,单不饱和脂肪酸含量基本维持不变或有所上升。研究说明,通过异养培养可有效地提高绿藻B 7的藻体最终收获量,且异养条件下绿藻B 7的营养价值不低于自养绿藻B 7。在我国北方寒冷季节,可以利用异养培养方式大规模培养南极绿藻B 7,为育苗提供充足的饵料。     

卤虫在不同饵料培养介质中的生长规律

以啤酒酵母和单胞藻为投喂饵料，新疆艾比湖卤虫（Artemia parthenogenetica)为投喂对象，建立三个实验组分别进行研究，观察在不同饵料条件下艾比湖卤虫的生长，探讨不同饵料对卤虫的生长、成活的影响。通过对卤虫体长和存活率的测量，建立了卤虫在不同饵料情况下的生长方程、生长曲线和存活率曲线，并通过对方程和曲线的分析获得以下结论：投喂单胞藻组卤虫的生长最慢，存活率最低25表面以后全部死亡；投喂酵母组卤虫生长最快，在0≤t≤42.6时体长值最高，存活率较低，投喂单胞藻和酵母的混合饲料组卤虫的前期生长次于酵母组，后期生长超过之，存活率较高且成熟个体产虫量和产卵量也多于酵母组。     

Effect of phosphorus fertilization on blue-green algal inoculum production and nitrogen yield under field conditions

Summary Field experiments were conducted to assess the effects of the application of P on growth and N yield of inoculated and indigenous blue-green algae (BGA). Addition of 17.4 kg P ha^–1 in split applications led to the highest BGA biomass and N yield, 162 kg dry weight ha^–1 and 6 kg N ha^–1 per 15 days, respectively. When inoculum of Aulosira spp., Aphanothece spp., Gloeotrichia spp. were compared separately, Gloeotrichia spp. grew faster but Aulosira spp. fixed more N. The growth rate and N yield of Aulosira spp. decreased with high P applications, although growth continued until the application of 34.8 kg P ha^–1. The effects of P on inoculum production by local species compared with those collected from other states showed the superiority of the local culture. Applications of P also enhanced the growth and N yield of indigenous BGA, with Wollea spp. showing the best results.     

巢湖藻类组成与环境因子典范对应分析

2008年5月—2009年5月对巢湖藻类组成及水质的季节变化进行了逐月调查研究。鉴定的藻类共6门31属48种,其中绿藻比例最高,占47.9%。藻类优势种群为蓝藻门的铜绿微囊藻（Microcystic aeruginosa）,出现频度为90.9%。3个采样点藻类群落组成没有明显差异,藻类物种丰富度指数（Margalef值）和藻细胞密度的变化范围分别为0.10~1.84和（12.65~825.00）×106 cell.L-1,且冬季值较低。同时,叶绿素（1.30~41.10μg.L-1）和总磷（0.06~0.48 mg.L-1）含量分别在秋季和夏季显著高于其他季节。典范对应分析（CCA）显示,藻类种群分布受水环境因子的影响较为明显。整体上,TP是影响巢湖藻类种群分布的重要因素。     

长湖草/藻型湖区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系

长湖是湖北省第三大淡水湖泊,对维持长江中游地区生态平衡发挥着重要作用。为研究长湖草型湖区和藻型湖区浮游植物群落结构特征及其与环境因子的关系,于2020年4、7、10月和2021年1月对长湖进行了调查与分析。结果表明,草型湖区和藻型湖区分别鉴定出浮游植物80种和91种,以绿藻门种类数最多,分别为38种和50种。两类湖区均以小球藻属（Chlorella sp.）和小环藻属（Cyclotella sp.）为主要优势种。草型湖区和藻型湖区浮游植物丰度变化范围分别为0.59×107~2.34×107 cells/L和0.73×107~3.06×107 cells/L,生物量变化范围分别为8.98~18.48 mg/L和 0.08~21.40 mg/L。藻型湖区多样性指数略高于草型湖区,两湖区水质整体介于轻污染到中污染之间。冗余分析（RDA）结果显示,草型湖区浮游植物优势种主要受水温（WT）、溶解氧（DO）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和水位（WL）影响,藻型湖区主要受DO、TN、氮磷比（N/P）和WL影响。研究可为长湖水生态系统的监测和管理提供科学依据。     

江西九江甘棠湖浮游藻类调查及水质污染的分析

对九江市城区内甘棠湖的浮游藻类进行调查研究,结果表明,浮游藻类48属80种,浮游藻类平均生物量为367.498万个/L,其中硅藻占49.12%、绿藻占45.71%、隐藻占2.05%,在对水质进行理化监测的基础上进行评价与分析,结果是甘棠湖为β-中污染。