Method of Time -Frequency Analysis of Engineering Signals Using Wavelet

The method to carry out time frequency analysis of engineering signal using wavelets transform is discussed and the formuli of quantitative relationship between the position & width of time frequency window of wavelet transform and the scale & sampling interval is put forward.     

葡萄霜霉菌候选效应子RXLR5信号肽的鉴定

利用Getorf、SignalP 3.0、BLASTP等生物信息学软件和PERL语言从葡萄霜霉菌基因组中预测到一条编码RXLR-EER结构域的效应蛋白候选基因,将该基因编码的蛋白命名为RXLR5。将RXLR5信号肽SP5编码序列连接到pSUC2T7M13ORI载体并转化到酵母蔗糖酶缺陷菌株YTK12后,重组菌株能成功分泌蔗糖酶,促使棉籽糖分解成单糖,因此,能在YPRAA培养基上正常生长;同时生成的单糖能与TTC反应产生红色不溶于水的氯化三苯基四氮唑。由此推测,SP5具有信号肽活性,可能在RXLR5从葡萄霜霉菌细胞内泌到胞外的过程中起重要作用。     

小麦品种对小麦白粉病菌侵染信号传递初探

 通过测定抗病性不同的小麦品种在接种小麦白粉病菌后钙调素含量的变化发现其存在差异。如抗病品种钙调素含量高峰出现在接种后4 h,即寄主与白粉病菌接触阶段。而感病品种接种后24 h出现钙调素含量高峰。比较测定了不同的钙调素抑制剂对小麦品种抗白粉性的影响,发现10mmol/L TFP和5 mmol/L CPZ处理使抗病品种变为高度感病,50 mmol/L CPZ处理使小麦感染白粉菌后反应型下降,表明钙调素与小麦抗白粉性有关。     

EFFECT OF HYDRATION ON SIGNAL INTENSITY OF GELATIN PHANTOMS USING LOW-FIELD MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: POSSIBLE APPLICATION IN OSTEOARTHRITIS

Five gelatin phantoms were constructed to study the effect of matrical hydration on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity using a low-field strength imager. Water content of the phantoms ranged from 75 to 95% weight/weight. Signal intensity values of each phantom were measured using five imaging sequences: proton density, T1-weighted, T2-weighted, inversion recovery with short inversion time, and inversion recovery with long inversion time. There was significant positive correlation (p < .05) of signal intensity with differences in hydration using the T2-weighted sequence and the inversion recovery sequence with short inversion time. Significant negative correlations (p < .05) were found with T1-weighted imaging and the inversion recovery sequence with long inversion time. In a second part of the study, in vivo focal variations in MRI signal intensity were evaluated in a canine cranial cruciate ligament deficient model of osteoarthritis. Signal intensity measurements were obtained from multiple areas of articular cartilage to identify an initial stage in osteoarthritis that is characterized in part by increased hydration of articular cartilage. At 6 weeks post-transection of the cranial cruciate ligament, an increase in signal intensity was detected in the articular cartilage of the weight-bearing portion of the lateral femoral condyle and the caudal portion of the medial tibial condyle with T1-weighted imaging. The increase in signal intensity may reflect increased proteoglycan synthesis by chondrocytes that also occurs early in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.     

脂多糖、多巴胺与蛋白激酶抑制剂联合作用对凡纳滨对虾血细胞吞噬率、胞吐酚氧化酶活力的影响

研究了脂多糖(LPS)、多巴胺(DA)对凡纳滨对虾血细胞吞噬、胞吐及信号通路的影响。结果表明,LPS、DA对凡纳滨对虾血细胞数量、吞噬率和胞吐酚氧化酶活力影响显著(P<0.05),LPS、DA与血细胞孵育30min后,高浓度(1～10mg/L或μmol/L)处理组对虾血细胞数量均随作用浓度增大而明显下降,胞吐酚氧化酶活力则显著升高,LPS处理组对虾血细胞吞噬率显著升高,而DA处理组对虾血细胞吞噬率则表现出明显的下降趋势。同时在LPS作用下,分别加入蛋白激酶C(PKC)、酪氨酸蛋白激酶(TPK)抑制剂chelerythrine、genistein后,凡纳滨对虾血细胞吞噬和胞吐作用均受到明显的抑制作用,抑制剂对吞噬的抑制效果为genistein>chelerythrine,对胞吐的抑制效果则为chelerythrine>genistein;在DA作用下,加入蛋白激酶A(PKA)抑制剂H-89后,血细胞吞噬作用得到增强,但对胞吐作用无明显影响,chelerythrine、genistein均抑制对虾血细胞的胞吐作用,抑制剂的作用效果为chelerythrine>genistein,两种抑制剂对吞噬均无显著影响。     

Prospects for management strategies of invasive crayfish populations with an emphasis on biological control

• 1. The white‐clawed crayfish, Austropotamobius pallipes (Lereboullet), is the only freshwater crayfish indigenous to Great Britain and Ireland. It has a widespread, though declining distribution in England and parts of Wales but does not occur naturally in Scotland.
• 2. The North American signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), is not native to Europe and was introduced to Britain in the 1970s. The signal crayfish out‐competes the native white‐clawed crayfish as it is larger and more aggressive. It is also responsible for the introduction and spread of crayfish plague, which has devastated white‐clawed crayfish populations in Europe.
• 3. Signal crayfish populations are causing significant changes to the equilibrium of native flora and fauna through increased grazing and predation pressures; they also contribute to habitat degradation through burrowing.
• 4. Manual removal of crayfish using traps and pond trials with biocides have met with moderate success in reducing crayfish numbers and containing populations. However, with new populations of signal crayfish being reported each year within the UK, there is now an urgent need to develop a strategy with which to eradicate or contain their spread.
• 5. Signal crayfish have populated many habitat types in the UK, each of which may require a different control strategy; hence no single strategy or universal solution is likely to be attainable.
• 6. Signal crayfish are susceptible to various biocides and microbial pathogens but significant scientific research will be required to develop safe biological control methods and integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to control these invasive organisms. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

     

鱼类Toll样受体对病毒的识别、响应及信号传导

鱼类生活在水环境中,随时面临着病毒、细菌、真菌、原生动物等各种病原微生物的侵袭,特别是在集约化养殖的模式下,养殖密度不断增加,鱼类免疫力下降,常暴发各种疾病。其中病毒性疾病由于潜伏期长短不一、症状复杂多变、传染性强、传播快、死亡率高、防治困难、无特效药等特点,严重影响水产养殖业的发展[1]。     

葛根素缓解镉对大鼠股骨胫骨中成骨细胞分化的抑制作用

旨在探究葛根素对镉(cadmium,Cd)抑制大鼠股骨胫骨中成骨细胞(osteoblast,OB)分化的缓解效应.选取40只3周龄SD雄性大鼠,随机分为4组,分别为对照组(CON)、镉组(Cd)、葛根素组(Pur)和镉+葛根素组(Cd+ Pur),每组10只.其中,对照组和镉组大鼠灌服超纯水,连续5周;含葛根素组(葛根...     

新型数字化水泵变频调速系统的研

开关磁阻电机调速系统是一种新型机电能量转换装置, 具有结构简单坚固、成本低、高容错运行能力、低速高转矩能力和高温运行能力等突出优点。以TI公司的TMS320F2812 DSP为核心，运用光电编码其作为速度和位置传感器，采用霍尔传感器对电流进行采样，设计了全数字化水泵变频驱动系统，并在一台12/8极开关磁阻电机上得到了实现。实验表明与该系统硬件结构简单、实时性强、性价比高，开关磁阻电机的运行性得到提高。该系统应用于水泵具有高可靠性，且可以有效节能。     

基于信号特征分析的植物体表电信号记录模式选择

为了探索不同耦合记录模式所记录植物体表波形数据特征,选择德抗961型小麦与含羞草2类植物,分别对每株植物进行直流耦合、交流耦合同步信号记录。分析光诱导下小麦所产生的局部电位中直流耦合记录与交流耦合记录的数据差异。小麦局部电位直流耦合与交流耦合记录数据波形峰峰值差异可达25倍以上;基于短时傅里叶变换,功率密度时频分布图显示直流耦合记录到的信号局部电位的频谱主要在0.2 Hz以内。而含羞草的变异电位的上述2种耦合模式记录的波形差异相对较小,功率密度时频分布图中可以反映其信号功率谱分布在0.6 Hz以内。通过记录不同下限截止频率的数据,小麦的光诱导电信号更加清晰的反映耦合方式对信号的影响,进一步地,通过含羞草变异电位的传导特性与对小麦钙通道阻滞的对照试验来验证所测信号的真实性。因此,针对不同植物及其植物电信号本身的特点,应选择适合的耦合记录方式。