寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草监测与防治

草原是内蒙古地区草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展的基础,同时也是优质牧草的主要来源。有毒有害牧草生长扩散预示着草场退化,对当地草食畜牧养殖产业健康发展会造成毁灭性打击。有毒有害植物生长发育,不仅会危害牲畜健康且还会严重消耗土壤的水分和养分,妨碍优良牧草繁殖生长,使草场产量和质量显著下降。在长时间草场利用过程中,很多农牧民群众只注重索取,不注重生态环境保护,使草场生产能力和抵抗能力逐渐变差,给有毒有害牧草繁殖生长提供了条件。因此需要加强寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的监测,并采取针对性措施进行防控,降低发病率。该文主要探讨内蒙古呼伦贝尔市寒冷地区草原有毒有害牧草的种类,并提出相应的防治措施。     

Seedling emergence,coleoptile length,and plant height relationships in crosses of dwarf and standard-height wheats

Summary Seedling emergence was closely correlated with coleoptile length and plant height among parents, F₂ and F₃, populations of crosses involving dwarf wheats Olesen Dwarf (CI 14497), Norin 10 derivative D6301, Tom Thumb derivative D6899, and the standard-height varieties Ramona 50 and Nainari 60. Genetic mechanisms that governed plant height also influenced coleoptile length, but the relative effects of genes showing dominant or epistatic effects appeared to be different. With respect to the two parents involved in each of 15 crosses, mean F₂ coleoptile lengths were consistently closer to the low parent value than were corresponding mean F₂ plant heights. A slight curvilinear relationship was also found between coleoptile length and plant height of F₃ lines. The results suggest that selection of semidwarf wheats with long coleoptiles and improved emergence properties from crosses involving the dwarf wheats of this study would be unlikely.     

新柴牌中大功率农机动力的开发

在N,D,K等3个系列产品平台上整合开发了18.4～58.8kW中大功率农机动力,目的是有一个相对较宽的产品链来配套中大功率拖拉机及相应功率要求的联合收割机。其产品开发的重点:一是功率谱完整,即通过缸径冲程的组合设计,力求在同一条生产线上制造不同功率的产品;二是同系列同缸心距扩排量带来的结构可靠性开发,主要是缸套-活塞环的可靠性开发及曲轴与轴承的可靠性开发,满足农用动力特殊工况和工作环境的可靠性开发;三是满足国内非道路移动机械二阶段排放要求的性能开发,特别是PM,NOx和燃油消耗之间的折中,重点是在经济成本的条件下对燃烧系统和燃油系统的优化开发。     

ArcGIS Server支持下农产品质量安全追溯模型的实现

近年来农产品质量安全事件频繁发生,利用农产品质量安全追溯信息进行质量安全应急管理已成为处理农产品质量安全事件的重要手段,但是这些信息仅能以文本表格的形式表现出来,在地图服务端存在一定的限制。模型借助于ArcGISServer,把传统的质量安全追溯与GIS功能相结合,实现追溯信息在地理空间中的形象化展示,并可对地图服务任意进行配置。该模型不仅能够图形化地模拟出农产品在不同主体之间的流通路径,而且能在发生农产品质量安全事件时快速定位到责任主体。     

营林技术对林业有害生物的控制效果探析

指出了作为生态环境的主体,在环境保护过程中,森林资源发挥着关键性的作用。然而,随着社会经济的不断发展,对森林资源的乱砍滥伐现象也变得越来越严重,这就威胁了人们的生存与发展。因此,加强林业资源的保护具有重要的现实意义。基于此,围绕营林技术进行了分析,就其对林业有害生物的控制效果进行了探究,提出了相应的对策。     

金属洗桶企业场地污染调查与分析实例

以某金属洗桶企业搬离时,对场地开展的污染调查与分析为实例,探讨了污染场地健康风险评估的方法和进行风险管控的手段,以期提供参考。     

基于生化数据处理模型的测控软件开发策略

为改变国产生化分析仪器测控软件功能单一的落后状况,针对非生化检测专业的软件开发人员提出了一种基于生化数据处理模型的测控软件开发策略。详细地分析了软件总体结构、测试机理和数据库操作方面的策略内容,对于生化数据的处理和分析提出了三种数据处理模型,并设计了其中一种程序流程。     

公路草坪养护管理技术初探

为保证草坪绿化质量 ,延长其寿命 ,结合近年来在公路草坪施工与养护管理中积累的实践经验 ,对公路草坪的种类、生长习性 ,以及草坪建植后的浇水、除杂草、修剪、施肥、病虫害防治等养护管理技术进行了探讨与总结 ,以期为各地公路草坪绿化建设提供借鉴与参考。     

Top Dressing of Feed with Desiccated Chlamydospores of Duddingtonia flagrans for Biological Control of the Pre-Parasitic Stages of Ovine Haemonchus contortus

Feeding trials were conducted with stall-fed sheep parasitized with Haemonchus contortus. For 10 days they were offered 250 g of a concentrate feed that had been top-dressed with desiccated chlamydospores of Duddingtonia flagrans at 1×10⁵, 5×10⁵, 1×10⁶ or 2×10⁶ chlamydospores/kg body weight. Pooled faeces from each group on day 7 of spore feeding were spread on different pasture plots. On day 28 after the start of spore feeding, further pooled faeces from each group were spread on the same plots. The larval burdens on the plots were monitored for 2 months and the larval harvest from in vitro faecal cultures were monitored regularly. The application of 1×10⁶ or more spores/kg body weight virtually eliminated larvae from both the pasture and the faecal cultures. The application of as few as 1×10⁵ spores/kg body weight had a profound impact on larval recovery. The effect persisted while the spores were being fed but not for more than 4 days following discontinuation of spore feeding. Top dressing supplementary feed with dried chlamydospores offers a potential way of using D. flagrans for biological control of the pre-parasitic stages of H. contortus.     

水稻机械化直播优势、问题与发展对策

随着现代农业与农业机械化技术不断发展,传统水稻种植方式与技术越来越呈现出一定的不足,难以满足水稻高质量生产发展的需求,也与从事农业生产的农民利用农业机械减轻劳动强度、利用机械化生产节本增效的出发点不一致.从水稻机械化技术的相关问题着手,阐述了水稻机械化直播的现实性与必要性.