伊克昭盟牧草和饲料作物应用增产菌技术的试验

199年伊克昭盟引入了牧草和饲料作物增产菌这一技术,经过7年的试验,示范及推广,至今全盟该增产菌应用面积已达4．04万hm^2,本文通过7年来在两种不同生境下,对12种牧草及作物的不同物修期采用不同方法施用增产菌,以鲜草产量和种子产量为衡量标准来探讨增产菌对不同牧草及作物的增产效果,实验结果表明：增产菌技术的应用,促进了植物的生长,使植株长高,叶面积增大,加强了光合作用,在提高鲜草产量的同时也增加了籽实的产量,具有较强的推广价值,是一项在农牧区适用的增产技术。     

湟中马血清酯酶多态性的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对青海省湟中县９１匹马血清酯酶的多态性进行了研究。结果发现：①湟中马的血清酯酶受ＥＳ＾Ｆ，ＥＳ＾Ｉ，ＥＳ＾Ｓ和ＥＳ＾Ｏ４个等位基因的控制，其基因频率分别为０．４４５０，０．５３３０，０．０１１０和０．０１１０；②在被检湟中马的ＥＳ位点上共发现ＥＳ Ｆ，ＥＳ ＦＩ，ＥＳ Ｉ，ＥＳ ＩＳ和ＥＳ Ｏ五种表型，以ＥＳ ＦＩ为优势表型（４７．２５％）；③ＥＳ等位基因频率无性别差异；④     

肉羊生产配套技术研究报告

探索能扎根农牧区的利用肉羊杂种优势的综合配套技术新途径，通过杂交、育肥、羊群结构等多方面的比较试验，结果：三洛来公羊与当地母羊杂交一次（人工授精，东部农业区宜于8－9月，环湖牧区11月）羔羊生后随母羊放牧、放牧十补饲和全舍饲育肥160－215天，6－7.5月龄时活重27.46－32.17kg，胴体重11.67－15.97kg，比放牧饲养的同龄羔羊胴体重增加2.75－7.17kg，经济效益提高30.83％－81.48％，杂种羔羊9月份体重最高，适宜的屠宰时间是9月底或10月初和每年的2－3月份；肉羊生产的优化羊群结构：成年母羊占存栏羊60％以上，公羊占3％－4％，每年补充小母羊20％以上。试验结果证明：以夏洛来羊杂交组合为主的肉羊生产综合配套技术，在我省东部农业区和环湖牧区是可行的，为提高羊肉产量和质量，增加农牧民收入开辟了新途径，经济、社会和生态效益显著。     

Effects of feeding fermented fish on egg cholesterol content in hens

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding fermented fish (FF) to layers on laying performance, and polyunsaturated fatty acid and cholesterol levels in eggs and plasma. A total of 96, 13-week-old Babcock B380 pullets were used in this study. They were randomly assigned to four numerically equal groups with eight replicates per treatment, three birds per replicate. All the birds were housed in individual cages. The dietary treatments were: Control diet, without FF; FF3 diet containing 3% (w/w) FF, FF6 diet containing 6% (w/w) FF and FF9 diet containing 9% (w/w) FF. The study was carried out for 16 weeks inclusive of two weeks of adjustment. Weekly feed intake and egg production were recorded. Blood plasma cholesterol and fatty acid profiles were assayed at the end of the experiment. FF did not enhance ( P  > 0.05) egg mass but ( P  < 0.05) decreased egg weight slightly. However, egg yolk cholesterol and plasma cholesterol concentrations were reduced ( P  < 0.05) by FF. The n-6:n-3 fatty acids ratio in the egg yolk (Control = 7.9, FF9 = 6.2) and plasma (Control = 10.6, FF9 = 6.2) were decreased by feeding FF. Moreover, FF was able to increase ( P  < 0.05) the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) concentrations in egg yolk and plasma. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that FF increased DHA and reduced egg yolk cholesterol in poultry eggs.     

基于B/S结构的家蚕育种与种性维持信息管理系统

对家蚕育种亲本及其新品种性状数据档案实行信息化管理,可在家蚕育种和品种的种性维持过程中自动实现完整的信息采集、计算、调用、选择等功能。开发了一个基于B/S结构的家蚕育种与种性维持信息管理系统,主要包括品种管理、计划任务管理、饲育信息管理、蚕茧信息管理、选种信息管理、选优信息管理等功能模块。选种信息管理模块的运行过程是通过电子天平称量蚕茧质量,然后根据计算模型自动进行数据信息处理与统计分析实施选择。用户可以方便地通过网络访问该系统,实现家蚕新品种选育及种性维持工作的自动化。     

3个家蚕品种部分产茧量及体质量性状指标的协方差分析

养蚕生产中家蚕的桑叶食下量难以人为控制在同一水平,通常认为食下量会对蚕体生长发育及全茧量等产茧量指标产生显著甚至极显著影响。以山东省现行的3个春用蚕品种为材料,将食下量作为协变量进行协方差分析的结果表明,3个家蚕品种在3-5龄的蚕体质量增量、全茧量、茧层量性状指标上无统计学意义(P>0.125 2),仅个别指标均值间的最大差异在0.1水平下显著(P全茧量=0.066 9,P茧层量=0.056 1),因此该方法校正了用常规方差分析得出的上述性状指标在品种间存在极显著差异(P<0.000 1)的有偏结论,还明确了消化吸收量对上述性状指标影响不显著,可不作为协变量考虑。     

生猪价格超常波动对健康养殖推广的影响

生猪价格的超常波动使生猪养殖风险增大、收益不稳定,频繁的价格波动影响了养殖主体决策的理性,同时,养殖主体决策的非理性也会对生猪健康养殖推广造成明显的障碍。因此,只有确保中央政策与地方政策的配套协同,构建生猪产业链内各主体之间合理的利益关系,对养殖主体的心理预期进行调节,针对养殖主体的需求改变推广模式与方法,才能有效突破生猪价格波动对生猪健康养殖推广的制约。     

Influence of storage time and processing on chemical composition and in vitro ruminal fermentation of olive cake

Olive oil extraction generates olive cake (OC) that could be used in ruminant feeding. However, the chemical composition of OC is affected by multiple factors, being therefore highly variable. The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of storage time and further processing: crude, exhausted (subjected to a second oil extraction) and cyclone (obtained from a cyclone separator) on nutritive value of OC samples. Twelve samples (six crude and six exhausted) were obtained monthly from the same pond from 1 to 6 storage months, and nine samples (three crude, three exhausted and three cyclone) were obtained monthly from a different pond from 6 to 9 months storage. Chemical composition was analysed, and OC samples were fermented in vitro with sheep rumen fluid. Increasing storage time up to 6 months decreased sugars and total soluble polyphenols content but increased fibre content in OC. Dry matter effective degradability (DMED) decreased linearly (p < 0.001) by 35.9 and 45.5% as storage time augmented from 1 to 6 months for crude and exhausted OC, respectively. Crude OC had lower DMED values than exhausted OC (averaged values 0.255 and 0.294 g/g, respectively). Both potential production and rate of gas production were lower (p ≤ 0.018) in crude compared with exhausted OC, which was attributed to the high fat content of crude OC (≥86 g/kg dry matter). For samples stored longer than 6 months, cyclone had greater (p < 0.05) DMED than crude and exhausted OC (averaged values 0.207, 0.164 and 0.164 g/g, respectively). The results indicate that ruminal degradability of OC is reduced with advancing storage time, but only subtle changes were observed during the first two months. Cyclone showed greater degradability than crude and exhausted OC, but differences between crude and exhausted OC became negligible after five storage months.