黄河流域农业水资源优化配置

黄河流域水资源供需矛盾日趋尖锐，本文围绕水资源最优利用问题，对黄河流域水资源配置原则，农业水资源在地区之间、作物之间以及作物不同生育阶段之间的合理配置进行了分析、探讨。     

土壤处理对西洋参根际线虫数量动态的影响及对防治茎线虫根腐病的效果

 Root rot of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) caused by Ditylenchus destructor is a novel disease found recently in Beijing area. The effects of three soil treatments (fumigating with chloropicrin, chloropicrin + lvfeng organic manure and nematicide fosthiazate) on the number of rhizospheric nematodes, survived plants, root yield and root rot of 3-year ginseng plant were compared. The effects were also investigated at the second year after treatment. The results indicated that the number of parasitic nematodes in rhizosphere of treated soil reached the peak value in late June to early July as the soil temperature raised in the growing season. Compared with the regular treatment, the number of plant parasitic nematodes was reduced while non-plant parasitic nematodes increased. The number of non-plant parasitic nematodes in the soil treated with chloropicrin + lvfeng organic manure was 2 times than that treated with chloropicrin only. The ratio of non-parasitic to parasitic nematodes of three treatments was higher than the control. Percent of survived plants was 94.8%-96.4% and diseased root was decreased obviously. The control efficacy was more than 89% at the first year after treatment. The survived plants and plot yield of ginseng increased significantly and the control efficacy was around 40% at the second year. The best of the three treatments was by chloropicrin + organic manure.     

以金针菇菌糠为培养基质的猴头菇高效栽培技术

以猴头菇为研究对象,采用金针菇菌糠、滤泥等廉价培养基质,通过优化液体菌种和栽培培养基配方、栽培方式等建立猴头菇高效栽培技术体系.结果表明,猴头菇液体菌种的培养基配方为H3,培养到第4天时活力最强;猴头菇栽培培养基配方W2;栽培方式以小口径、不需要搔菌为好;比较菌糠培养基与纯玉米芯培养基栽培获得的子实体,金针菇菌糠培养基...     

黄河流域旱涝灾害的时空分布特征

本文以月降水距平为指标,根据黄河流域典型台站４０年的降水资料,对黄河流域旱涝灾害的时空分布特征进行了分析,并进行了区域划分。     

行比对不同豆禾间作模式产量与品质的影响

豆禾间作是有效提高土地利用率的方式,有利于缓解江淮地区草地面积不足的情况。本研究在2017-2018年,通过对五个播种比例下的金花菜（Medicago polymorpha L.）+燕麦（Avena sativa L.）间作与箭筈豌豆（Vicia sativa L.）+燕麦间作进行比较;通过其产量及营养价值等数据评价其优劣。结果表明,箭筈豌豆与燕麦比例3.3：8的间作具有最高总干草产量,为1 595.72 g·m^-2。金花菜与燕麦比例6.6：4的间作具有最高的土地当量比和土地利用率,分别为1.36和132.58%,且总干草产量第二。竞争力指数表明金花菜的种群竞争力要高于箭筈豌豆。在营养价值方面,金花菜+燕麦间作更具优势;燕麦与金花菜间作后的粗蛋白含量达到13.88%~14.09%,高于箭筈豌豆间作中的13.19%~13.44%。综合来看,两种间作模式各有优劣,以燕麦产量为导向时,箭筈豌豆+燕麦比例为6.6：4和3.3：8的间作模式更优;而若是只考虑最高的土地利用率,则金花菜+燕麦比例为6.6：4的间作模式更优。     

施肥对热带雨林下种植砂仁土壤氮矿化和硝化作用的影响

采用封顶埋管法(Close-TopIncubation)研究了施肥后西双版纳热带雨林下种植砂仁土壤的氮素净氨化、净硝化和净矿化速率。结果表明,种植砂仁的热带雨林土壤有机氮的净氨化、硝化和矿化速率明显受外来无机氮的影响,施入铵态氮肥后,土壤中的氨化速率明显提高(P<0.01),由对照土壤的-0.66(mg·kg-1·30d-1)增加至施肥处理土壤的1.65(mg·kg-1·30d-1),但硝化速率和矿化速率却显著降低(P<0.01),分别由对照土壤的6.79(mg·kg-1·30d-1)和6.13(mg·kg-1·30d-1)减少至施肥处理土壤的2.60(mg·kg-1·30d-1)和4.25(mg·kg-1·30d-1),导致了土壤中NH4+-N的积累。     

基于ArcGIS的林地面积精确分割方法研究

以ArcGIS 10.2.2浮动版为平台,结合实例阐述在宗地结构中用宗地编辑器分割宗地,从宗地结构中导出图层,将图层和从宗地结构中导出的图层加载到ArcMap内容列表中,在ArcMap内容列表中用裁剪面工具捕捉导出图层的端点、折点分割图层,实现林地面积精确分割。认为该方法在林业工作中是一种实用的方法。     

能够研发运动饮料的药食同源蔬菜的调查研究

综述了百合、枸杞、牛蒡、山药、玉竹、芦笋等典型药食同源蔬菜的传统医疗价值、现代科学认识及其医疗保健价值,为能够研发以药食同源蔬菜为基础原料的运动饮料提供理论依据。