未来饲料新成分——茶渣的应用进展

茶渣含有多种有效成分,其中的营养物质可以代替常规的饲料原料;其他的一些成分可以作为饲料添加剂,使用范围非常广。而且茶渣在我国资源丰富、价格便宜,在饲料中直接使用或者间接添加都能够提高动物的生产性能,目前在饲料中的应用已经被研究,文章综述了茶渣中的有效成分以及在饲料中的应用价值。     

蜂蜜酒酿造酵母的筛选

蜂蜜酒是通过酵母菌在稀释的蜂蜜液中发酵而成的一种传统酒。对4种活性干酵母EC1118、安琪、DV10、D254的发酵特性进行研究,比较4种干酵母在蜂蜜稀释液中的产气能力、产酒精能力、产香能力,并对其酒精耐受性、酸耐受性、SO2耐受性等3个方面进行综合比较,筛选出酿造蜂蜜酒的优良菌种。结果表明,EC1118发酵能力、产香能力强,耐受性强,适合用于蜂蜜发酵。     

Estimating theoretical radiation‐use efficiency for kale crops

Establishing the radiation‐use efficiency (RUE) of forage brassica crops will aid our understanding of their photosynthetic performance. The concept of RUE has been developed for cereals and legumes, but there is limited information for forage brassica crops. Three experiments defining the influence of different sowing dates on ‘Gruner’ kale (Brassica oleracea acephala L.) dry matter production were conducted at Hastings (Hawkes Bay) and Lincoln (Canterbury) in New Zealand between 2002 and 2009. These trials were also evaluated for radiation interception and RUE. Delayed sowing increased RUE in two out of three experiments across sites: from 1·93 g MJ^?1 photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) for December‐sown crops to 2·72 g MJ^?1 PAR (P < 0·001) for January‐sown crops at Hastings and from 1·50 for September‐sown crops to 2·00 g MJ^?1 PAR (P < 0·001) for November‐sown crops at Lincoln. The different sowing dates and years of experimentation provided a range of mean temperatures (from 13 to 16°C) during the vegetative period. Across years and sowing dates, RUE was strongly correlated with mean temperature (R² = 0·81) and sowing date (R² = 0·64), but weakly correlated with season length (R² = 0·11) and dry matter (R² = 0·002). There was also a strong correlation (R² = 0·83) between sowing date and mean temperature. The increase in RUE with delayed sowing was therefore mainly attributed to increased mean temperatures. Radiation‐use efficiency increased at about 0·41 g MJ^?1 for each 1°C increase from 13 to 16°C.     

稻田土壤还原性物质特征及与甲烷排放的关联性分析

以南方稻田土壤的定位试验为研究对象,选取其中的五种不同施肥(无肥、化肥、猪粪+化肥、鸡粪+化肥、稻草+化肥)处理,监测了水稻生长期间土壤活性还原性物质、活性有机还原性物质、亚铁(Fe2+)含量、土壤Eh值和甲烷(CH4)排放的动态变化,分析还原性物质与CH4排放的关系。结果表明,水稻生长前期稻田CH4排放通量、土壤活性还原性物质、活性有机还原性物质和Fe2+含量均较高,并随水稻生长呈逐渐下降的趋势;而土壤Eh在水稻整个生育期介于-238至118 mv之间,且为水稻生长前期低,后期高。施用有机肥后的土壤活性还原性物质和Fe2+含量比化肥处理平均分别增加了13%和11%,而土壤Eh值则低于无肥和化肥处理。相关分析表明,CH4排放通量与土壤中活性还原性物质、Fe2+均呈极显著正相关关系,而与土壤Eh呈极显著负相关关系。通过逐步回归分析进一步表明,土壤中Fe2+含量显著影响稻田CH4排放,控制稻田土壤中Fe2+含量有利于稻田CH4的减排。     

有源电力滤波器数字控制系统设计与数字锁相算法实现

秦典籍少有对圭的形制的描述,后世所见多是历代学者根据典籍及传世品加以想象绘制而成。近代考古学传入中国后,大量出土资料为圭形制的研究提供了科学依据。通过考古研究发现流行于西周的玉柄形器的功能应为某种仪仗类用玉,代表使用者的权力、身份或地位等,应为典籍所载“圭”类瑞玉之一。而盛行于西周的组合玉柄形器无论从尺寸、镶嵌,还是外部鞘饰看都与《考工记·玉人》所记载"命圭"十分吻合。     

龙眼果肉的健康效应及主要活性物质研究进展

龙眼是药食兼用水果,传统中医和民间一直用其滋补身体,但长期以来其物质基础和作用机制尚不清 楚。近年来,国内外对龙眼果肉的健康效应及其主要活性物质研究较为活跃。综述了龙眼果肉的抗氧化、免疫调节、 延缓衰老、内分泌和神经调节等主要生物活性,并对其酚类、脂类、多糖类、核苷类和氨基酸类等主要活性物质的提 取分离方法及其组成、化学结构和含量等进行了全面梳理归纳,旨在为龙眼功能食品的精深加工提供依据。     

郑州师范学院主动服务中小学教育的实践探究

作为师资教育培训主体的地方高师院校,主动服务地方基础教育是其一项重要的责任和使命。本文以郑州师范学院为例,就服务社会的角度提出,高师院校应该大力挖掘自身潜能,主动扩大服务范围;树立现代课程理念,提高学生实践能力;打破封闭式培养格局,力促培养阵地前移,从而为高师院校服务地方中小学教育提供借鉴。     

Antioxidant Activity of Pigment Extracted from Green-Wheat-Bran

The anthocyanin pigment extracted from green-wheat-bran was studied to identify its antioxidant activity.The antioxidant activities of the pigment were evaluated by anti-lipid peroxidation,total antioxidant activity （TAA）,superoxide anion radical scavenging activity （SARSA）,active oxygen scavenging activity （AOSA）,and DPPH （1,1-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl free radical） radical scavenging activity.The results showed that the pigment had higher antioxidant activity and TAA,SARSA,AOSA and DPPH.scavenging activities at a certain concentration than Vc （antiscorbutic vitamin,vitamin C）,and the capacity increased with the increase of pigment concentration.Its TAA was 51.06 U mL-1,1.73 times of Vc,and SARSA 18 025.21 U mL-1,2.26% higher than Vc,and AOSA 3 776.31 U mL-1,1.24 times of Vc.As to the DPPH.scavenging activity of the pigment,there was a trend that higher concentration performed higher activity significantly improved with the company of Vc.The pigment showed significant antioxidant activities evaluated by different assays.Results will provide a better understanding on antioxidant activity of green wheat and allow the screening or breeding of green wheat varieties with higher antioxidant activity for food processing.     

干巴菌菌丝营养生理特性的初步研究

本文报道了不同碳源、氮源、微量元素及维生素培养基对干巴菌菌丝生长的影响。试验表明，干巴菌菌丝利用最好的的碳源是葡萄糖，其次是蔗糖。利用最好的氮源是硝酸钙，其次是硝酸铵和硫酸铵，对蛋白胨和尿素的利用效果差。缺少碳源或氮源时，菌丝生长细弱、稀少，不形成原基。微量元素和维生素均对干巴菌菌丝生长有促进作用，其中以锰、铜和维生素Ｂ２的作用尤为突出。     

菊花加工厂废水污染调查及生物处理的初步研究

对菊花加工厂废水中的化学污染物和物理性状进行了检测，并在实验室内采用粉末炭活性污泥法对废水进行小规模处理。在实验条件下，ＢＯＤ５去除率达９３％，ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率为８７％，总氮去除率为４７％，总磷去除率为４０％〈总硬度降低５２％，出水的色度，悬浮物，ＰＨ等均达到排放标准。