Horses with equine recurrent uveitis have an activated CD4+ T‐cell phenotype that can be modulated by mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is an immune‐mediated disease causing repeated or persistent inflammatory episodes which can lead to blindness. Currently, there is no cure for horses with this disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are effective at reducing immune cell activation in vitro in many species, making them a potential therapeutic option for ERU. The objectives of this study were to define the lymphocyte phenotype of horses with ERU and to determine how MSCs alter T‐cell phenotype in vitro. Whole blood was taken from 7 horses with ERU and 10 healthy horses and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated. The markers CD21, CD3, CD4, and CD8 were used to identify lymphocyte subsets while CD25, CD62L, Foxp3, IFNγ, and IL10 were used to identify T‐cell phenotype. Adipose‐derived MSCs were expanded, irradiated (to control proliferation), and incubated with CD4⁺ T‐cells from healthy horses, after which lymphocytes were collected and analyzed via flow cytometry. The percentages of T‐cells and B‐cells in horses with ERU were similar to normal horses. However, CD4⁺ T‐cells from horses with ERU expressed higher amounts of IFNγ indicating a pro‐inflammatory Th1 phenotype. When co‐incubated with MSCs, activated CD4⁺ T‐cells reduced expression of CD25, CD62L, Foxp3, and IFNγ. MSCs had a lesser ability to decrease activation when cell‐cell contact or prostaglandin signaling was blocked. MSCs continue to show promise as a treatment for ERU as they decreased the CD4⁺ T‐cell activation phenotype through a combination of cell‐cell contact and prostaglandin signaling.     

推流式A2O工艺强化脱氮数值模拟研究

为了改善城市污水混进垃圾渗滤液后经常出现的TN含量超标问题,运用数值模拟方法,基于活性污泥模型ASM2d构建推流式A2O工艺数学模型。经过灵敏度分析和参数校正后,模型出水中COD、TN含量、NH4+–N含量模拟值与实测值的相对误差分别为2.1%、2.6%和1.6%。采用单因素试验和多因素正交试验优化混合液回流比、污泥回流比、好氧段溶解氧对出水TN含量的影响,结果表明,当混合液回流比为400%,污泥回流比为100%,好氧段溶解氧控制在3 mg/L时可达到较佳脱氮效果。     

薄皮核桃壳基活性炭的制备及表征

【目的】以农林废弃物薄皮核桃壳为原料,通过化学活化-高温炭化法制备多孔活性炭材料,优化制备工艺过程,表征吸附性能机理,为薄皮核桃壳的开发利用提供技术指导。【方法】以碘吸附值和亚基甲蓝吸附值为考察指标,进行活化剂的筛选,并进一步考察原料粒度、料液比、活化时间、炭化温度和炭化时间对制备出的活性炭的吸附性能的影响。采用N2吸附-脱附等温线、元素分析仪和FTIR测定了活性炭的孔隙结构、主要元素组成和表面官能团,扫描电镜分析形貌结构,XRD和TG分析活性炭的结晶度和热稳定性。【结果】选用磷酸为最佳活化剂,薄皮核桃壳活性炭的最佳制备工艺条件为:核桃壳粉100目、料液比1:4、活化时间120 min、炭化温度500℃、炭化时间60 min,此工艺条件下制备出的活性炭的碘吸附值为657.42±3.16 mg/g、亚甲基蓝吸附值为248.55±1.94 mg/g。制备出的活性炭的表面积为449.80 m2/g,具有丰富的孔隙结构,孔容积为1.11 m2/g,平均孔径为7.87 nm。碳元素含量为65.56%,结晶度不高,为无定型结构,活性炭在400℃左右发生热降解,主要含有羧基、酚基、醇羟基等活性官能团。【结论】采用磷酸活化法制备出的薄皮核桃壳活性炭的孔隙结构发达,具有良好的吸附性能,碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值均高于国家标准,具有将废弃物资源循环利用的价值和前景。     

银杏活性炭对4种有毒气体和铅镐离子的吸附作用

为了验证银杏活性炭的吸附效果,分别采用静态吸附法和动态吸附法,研究了银杏活性炭对部分有毒气体及铅、镉两种重金属离子的吸附作用.结果表明:银杏活性炭对甲醛、苯、氨气、三氯甲烷这4种气体的吸附能力都较强,其对甲醛的吸附能力最强.吸附率可达到140%;银杏活性炭吸附铅、镉离子的效果也较好,对铅离子的吸附量接近200 mg·g...     

硫酸改性对活性炭吸附性能的影响

采用硫酸对活性炭进行改性,探讨硫酸浓度、改性温度对改性活性炭吸附性能的影响。结果表明,随着温度的升高,改性活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值和碘吸附值呈现先升后降的趋势,而苯吸附值和苯酚吸附值总体呈不断下降趋势;随着硫酸浓度的升高,改性活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值、碘吸附值和苯吸附值呈不断下降的趋势,而苯酚吸附值呈先降后升的趋势。与未改性的活性炭相比,改性活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值和碘吸附值均有所降低,苯酚吸附值有所升高,而苯吸附值在一定范围内有所升高。     

磷酸法制备活性炭工艺研究

以杉木屑为原料,采用磷酸浸渍在高温下对其进行活化,制备活性炭。探讨温度、保温时间、磷酸浓度对活性炭性能的影响。结果表明,随着温度和保温时间的增加,活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值、碘吸附值和苯吸附值总体呈上升的趋势。随着磷酸浓度的增加,活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值和碘吸附值呈先降后升的趋势。在较优的实验工艺下,活性炭的亚甲基蓝吸附值、碘吸附值和吸苯率分别为330.0 mg·g-1、1 015.7 mg·g-1和59.2%。     

In vitro propagation of Japanese garden iris,Iris ensata Thunb.

Summary Explants of young scapes of Iris ensata were cultured on MS medium with 1 mg/l NAA, 1 mg/l 6-BA, 30 g/l sucrose and 10 g/l agar, and this species was characterized by high variety specificity for callus, shoot and root induction. Among 23 varieties and one wild form tested, Okichidori, Miyukisudare and Meiji-l exhibited a considerable rate of shoot induction, although these induced poorly rooted shoots. In addition, two types of callus induction such as green and white calli were observed, and the induction of green-type calli was significantly correlated with that of shoots. Surprisingly, the only modification, half-strength MS inorganic salts, for the above medium proved to be very effective for shoot induction in the scape culture. For shoots obtained from the scape culture, effects of sucrose concentrations and activated charcoal on root induction were examined by using 1/2 MS with 1 mg/l NAA, 1 mg/l 6-BA, 30 g/l sucrose and 10 g/l agar as the basic medium. The addition of 1% activated charcoal to the media had a marked effect for root induction independent of sucrose concentrations and varieties tested. The in vitro propagation technique of I. ensata is discussed.     

油松成熟胚子叶-胚轴段的离体培养与不定芽诱导

以油松成熟胚的子叶-胚轴段为起始外植体,进行离体培养诱导不定芽,以不同浓度的活性炭对油松不定芽进行继代培养。结果表明:子叶-胚轴段可以诱导出不定芽;在1/2MS培养基上附加3 mg/L的6-BA和0.5 mg/L的NAA,外植体不定芽的诱导率达46.7%,平均增殖系数是10,最大增殖系数为24;1/2MS培养基中附加2 mg/L的活性炭对油松不定芽增殖和生长最有利。     

磷酸法制备棉秆活性炭的研究

研究利用棉秆为原料,采用磷酸活化法制备活性炭的工艺,探讨制备过程中诸因素对活性炭性能的影响,得出适宜的工艺条件。结果表明:利用棉秆以磷酸为活化剂,可制得性能优良的活性炭产品;所得活性炭产品得率为34%,活性炭对亚甲基兰脱色力为292.7mg·g-1,碘吸附值898.2mg·g-1,所制备的活性炭对Cr(Ⅵ)有较好的吸附性能。     

铝质陶瓷在热应力下裂纹形成及扩展的声发射表征

本文将声发射技术应用于陶瓷材料研究领域，通过由传感器，前置放大器，滤波器，主放大器，信号形成器，时基计数器组成的声发射检测系统，精确地测定了陶瓷材料在热应力作用下裂纹生长，扩展的动态过程；发现陶瓷材料在冷却过程中声发射计数率的峰值约为加热过程的４００倍，陶瓷材料在热应力下微裂纹的形成，生长主要发生在冷却过程中；当晶粒尺寸减小时，材料的微裂纹扩展，蔓延逐渐被抑制在较小的范围内。