凤丹与洛阳红根际微生物及其与根皮中丹皮酚含量的关系

用涂布平板法测定牡丹品种凤丹与洛阳红根际微生物种类及数量,用高效液相色谱仪测定其根皮中丹皮酚的含量,研究牡丹根际微生物及其与根皮中丹皮酚含量的关系。结果表明,凤丹根皮中丹皮酚含量(24.688 g/kg)高于洛阳红(13.024 g/kg);凤丹品种根际微生物数量明显低于洛阳红;丹皮酚含量与根际真菌、细菌数量呈负相关。凤丹和洛阳红根际真菌、细菌与放线菌总量均大于非根际;凤丹根际真菌、细菌数量均小于洛阳红,而放线菌数量大于洛阳红。     

胡麻枯萎病生防放线菌的抗菌活性研究

为了筛选对胡麻枯萎病有较好抗性的放线菌,试验对胡麻根围土壤进行了筛选,最终得到1株对胡麻枯萎病病原菌尖孢镰刀菌有较强拮抗作用的放线菌GS2-1.分别测定了它对不同地区分离得到的151株尖孢镰刀菌的抗性,发酵液对孢子和菌丝的抑制作用,研究了其最佳发酵条件,并对发酵液中的抑菌活性物质进行了初步提取和生物活性测定,最后对其在...     

波卓链霉菌合成纳米硒的物理化学表征及其抑菌促生活性

【目的】研究放线菌菌株合成纳米硒（Selenium nanoparticles,SeNPs）的物理化学特性和抑菌促生活性,为菌株在富硒花魔芋生产中的应用提供参考。【方法】利用扫描电镜（SEM）和X射线能谱分析仪（EDS）,对从健康花魔芋根际土壤中筛选的放线菌菌株A1的细胞形态及其合成的纳米硒进行观察和元素组成分析;利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）对亚硒酸钠Na₂SeO₃和菌株A1合成的纳米硒进行晶型结构表征;利用傅里叶红外变换光谱仪（FTIR）对菌株A1合成的纳米硒表面官能团结构进行表征分析。以小麦和玉米种子为材料,将菌株A1的富硒发酵滤液和非富硒发酵滤液分别稀释0,5,50倍,用皿内发芽试验测定纳米硒对种子的促生作用;以花魔芋软腐病原菌菊果胶杆菌（Pectobacterium chrysanthemi）CZS-B6为靶标菌,用滤纸片扩散法和牛津杯法分别测定菌株A1的富硒发酵滤液和非富硒发酵滤液原液的抑菌效果;通过菌落形态、生理生化特性和分子鉴定确定菌株A1的分类地位。【结果】菌株A1介导200 mg/L Na₂SeO₃合成的红色单质硒为球形纳米颗粒,非晶态,颗粒表面存在Se、C、O、N等有机元素和C-O、N-H、C-H等官能团。经菌株A1富硒发酵滤液原液处理后,小麦和玉米幼苗的主根长及总鲜质量均显著高于无菌水对照（P<0.05）;富硒发酵滤液原液对花魔芋软腐病原菌菊果胶杆菌有较强的拮抗作用,其拮抗圈直径分别为14.6 mm（滤纸片扩散法）和13.1 mm（牛津杯法）。菌株A1的培养特征、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列分析结果表明,其为波卓链霉菌（Streptomyces bottropensis）。【结论】波卓链霉菌菌株A1介导合成的生物纳米硒具有抑菌和促生活性,在绿色富硒花魔芋种植及软腐病防治等领域具有潜在的应用价值。     

Alkaloids from the Mangrove-Derived Actinomycete Jishengella endophytica 161111

A new alkaloid, 2-(furan-2-yl)-6-(2S,3S,4-trihydroxybutyl)pyrazine (1), along with 12 known compounds, 2-(furan-2-yl)-5-(2S,3S,4-trihydroxybutyl)pyrazine (2), (S)-4-isobutyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine-6-carbaldehyde (3), (S)-4-isopropyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine-6-carbaldehyde (4), (4S)-4-(2-methylbutyl)-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine-6-carbaldehyde (5), (S)-4-benzyl-3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]oxazine-6-carbaldehyde (6), flazin (7), perlolyrine (8), 1-hydroxy-β-carboline (9), lumichrome (10), 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde (11), 2-hydroxy-1-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethanone (12), and 5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (13), were isolated and identified from the fermentation broth of an endophytic actinomycetes, Jishengella endophytica 161111. The new structure 1 and the absolute configurations of 2–6 were determined by spectroscopic methods, J-based configuration analysis (JBCA) method, lactone sector rule, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compounds 8–11 were active against the influenza A virus subtype H1N1 with IC₅₀ and selectivity index (SI) values of 38.3(±1.2)/25.0(±3.6)/39.7(±5.6)/45.9(±2.1) μg/mL and 3.0/16.1/3.1/11.4, respectively. The IC₅₀ and SI values of positive control, ribavirin, were 23.1(±1.7) μg/mL and 32.2, respectively. The results showed that compound 9 could be a promising new hit for anti-H1N1 drugs. The absolute configurations of 2–5, ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data and the specific rotations of 3–6 were also reported here for the first time.     

生防放线菌HNA30的固体发酵条件

为生防放线菌HNA30的生产应用提供依据,通过单因素试验和正交试验对其固体发酵条件进行优化。结果表明:固体发酵的最佳基质为麦麸,最佳碳源为淀粉,最佳氮源为酵母提取物;菌株HNA30固体发酵的最佳条件为淀粉50mg/g、酵母提取物30mg/g、初始含水量400mg/g、接种量0.35mL/g、培养时间168h;该条件下,HNA30的固体发酵产孢量达1.07×10~(10) cfu/g。