小肽营养的研究进展

小肽是动物降解蛋白质为氨基酸过程的中间产物,是动物的重要营养物质,是除氨基酸之外的蛋白质营养吸收代谢的重要方式之一。在氨基酸的消化、吸收和代谢中,小肽起着非常重要的作用。对小肽的释放、吸收机制、营养作用与生理功能进行了综述。     

The effect of tannic acid and polyethylene glycol on the absorption capacity of chicken intestine for d-xylose and β-carotene

In an experiment, the possible influence of tannic acid (TA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the absorption capacity of intestine for d-xylose and β-carotene in broiler chicken was investigated. Four groups of nine 28-day-old broiler cockerels received d-xylose (500 mg) and β-carotene (52 μg) solutions (Group 1 to 4) with TA (1 g, Group 2 to 4) and PEG (500 mg Group 3 and 1 g Group 4), orally. One blood sample prior to, and four others after the administration of test materials, were collected from wing vein on 40 min basis, for 160 min and the concentration of plasma d-xylose was determined. The concentration of β-carotene was also measured in plasma of blood samples taken prior to and 160 min post-administration of the test materials. Plasma d-xylose concentration of all groups showed quadratic correlations with time (p < 0.001, r(2) = 0.84, 0.60, 0.70 and 0.74 for Group 1 to 4, respectively). Administration of TA reduced the plasma concentration of d-xylose in Group 2. However, feeding PEG after TA raised the concentration of d-xylose in Group 4 to the level that there was no difference in that variable between this group and Group 1. Although the plasma concentration of β-carotene was increased in 160 min post-ingestion of the test material, no difference was found in that variable among the experimental groups. In conclusion, TA and its interaction with PEG have impacts on the absorption capacity of intestine for d-xylose and highly likely other simple sugars, but TA or PEG have no influence on the absorption of β-carotene and most probably other fat soluble vitamins.     

The configuration of the Cu(2+) binding region in full-length human prion protein compared with the isolated octapeptide

The cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) is a copper binding protein. The molecular features of the Cu(2+) binding sites have been investigated and characterized by spectroscopic experiments on PrP(C)-derived peptides and the correctly folded human full-length PrP(C) (hPrP-[23-231]). These experiments allowed us to distinguish two different configurations of copper binding. The different copper complexes depend on sequence context, buffer conditions and stoichiometry of copper. The combined information of spectroscopic data from our EXAFS, EPR and ENDOR experiments was used to create models for these two copper complexes. A large number of conformations of these models were calculated using molecular mechanics computations, and the simulated spectra of these structures were compared with our experimental data. Common features and differences of the copper binding motifs are discussed in this paper and it remains for future investigations to study whether different configurations are associated with different functional states of PrP(C).     

Effect of irrigation applied at different growth stages and length of irrigation period on quality characters of potato tubers

Summary Potatoes were irrigated at three growth stages: (1) planting-stolon initiation. (2) stolon initiation-tuber bulking, and (3) tuber bulking, when available soil water dropped to 25%, 50% and 75%, bringing it up to field capacity; and irrigation ceased 0, 10 and 20 days before maturity. Significant increases in specific gravity, dry matter, starch content, chip yield and significant decreases in protein content and oil absorption rate of chips were observed due to the frequent irrigation at growth stages 1 and 2. No significant effect on chip colour was attributed to irrigation during the early growth stages. Frequent irrigations at the final growth stage were found to have deleterious effects on specific gravity, dry matter, starch content and chip yield especially when irrigation continued until maturity.     

Influence of Varying Humidity and Temperature Upon the Adsorption of Radon

On the basis of theoretical analysis, this article describes the experiment of the absorption of Radon 222 Rn and Thoron 220 Rn in air on active charcoal under condition of varying humidity and temperature. The result of experiment shows that, under the condition of lower humidity, the absorption of 222 Rn reduce as the temperature raises. Since the half life of 220 Rn is short, the influence of the temperature is small. But as the relative humidity raises, the absorption of 222 Rn and 220 Rn reduces significantly.     

不同小麦品种钾吸收,分配特性及其钾营养效率的差异

盆栽试验结果表明,钾效率系数（ＥＩ）和施外效率（ＫＥ）能很好评价小麦品种在钾缺乏条件下的钾营养效率,钾高效品种能在缺钾条件下区得较高产量;钾低效品种ＥＩ值小,但ＫＥ值大,施钾能获主产;押高效品种在钾缺乏或充足条件下均能维持功能叶（３～４叶）中较主的钾含量,功能叶中（第３～４叶）钾钾高效品种籽粒中甸积累量及其占总量的自分数较高,钾你效品种植物功能叶中的钾含量低效,茎、叶、叶间钾钾高效品种籽粒中钾积累     

碱化处理对稻草板表面吸收性能的影响

采用pH值8~14的氢氧化钠溶液,对不同密度的稻草板试件进行碱化处理,测定处理后试件表面对蒸馏水、甘油、酒精等3种液体的吸收性能。结果表明:经过处理,稻草板对3种液体的表面吸收性能均增强,且随着处理溶液pH值的增大而增强。稻草板碱化处理溶液适宜的pH值为7~11,可提高其表面吸收性能,有利于后续表面加工。     

茶叶水浸出物、茶汤和水对香气吸附影响的研究

研究茶叶水浸出物、茶汤和水对香气吸附的影响。结果表明：溶剂性质的水具有较强的吸香能力主要的茉莉花特征香气成分均能被水吸收。茶汤的吸香能力比水更强,吸附的精油总量比水样提高了31．23％茶叶水浸出物对茶叶吸附香气的总量无显著影响,但对吸附的香气种类及组分比例有重要影响。     

用ferrozine分光光度法测定Fe2+时干扰因素的排除

分析了用ferrozine分光光度法测定Fe^2 浓度时硼酸一硼酸盐缓冲溶液和共存离子S2-对结果产生干扰的原因，提出了在ferrozine进行显色反应前先用HCl酸化处理来消除测定干扰的方法，取得了较满意的Fe^2 测定结果。