吸涨损伤对绿蒙古锦鸡儿种子生活力测定的影响

德国巴伐利亚种子检验站在检验一批绿蒙古锦鸡儿（Ｃａｒａｇａｎａａｒｂｏｒｅｓｃｅｓ）种子的生活力时，出现了较大的误差。笔者重新检验，采用不同的处理方法，找出了产生误差的原因。即：种子猛烈吸水后，吸水不均匀，产生局部坏死，这就是所谓的吸涨损伤。并由此找到了一种合理的检验方法，即低温缓慢湿润法，避免直接将种子浸泡在水中而产生吸涨损伤。     

Absorption from water as an alternative method for the administration of sulphonamides to rainbow trout, salmo gairdneri. The significance of the pKa value of the sulphonamides and the pH and salt content of the water.

The effect of variations in pH and salt concentration on the absorption by rainbow trout of sulphonamides from water was investigated. Two trials were carried out: 1) Absorption from fresh water of sulphanilamide (pKa 10.4) and sulphadimidine (pKa 7.4) at pH 4, 6, 8 and 10 over a period of 96 hrs., and 2) Absorption from fresh water and sea water (salinity approx. 31 ‰) of the same two sulphonamides at pH 6 and 8 over a period of 24 hrs. The degree of acetylation of the two sulphonamides in rainbow trout was investigated.     

Effect of erythromycin and gentamicin on abomasal emptying rate in suckling calves

BACKGROUND: Commonly used dosage protocols for antimicrobial agents may alter the rate of gastric emptying. HYPOTHESIS: Parenteral administration of erythromycin increases and gentamicin decreases the rate of abomasal emptying. ANIMALS: Five male Holstein-Friesian calves (8-15 days of age). METHODS: Calves received each of the following 4 IM treatments in random order: control, 2 mL of 0.9% NaCl; erythromycin, 8.8 mg/kg; low-dose gentamicin, 4.4 mg/kg; high-dose gentamicin, 6.6 mg/kg. Abomasal emptying rate was assessed by acetaminophen and glucose absorption. Calves were fed 2 L of cow's milk containing acetaminophen (50 mg/kg body weight) 30 minutes after each treatment was administered, and jugular venous blood samples were obtained periodically after suckling. The maximum observed plasma acetaminophen concentration (actual C(max)) and time of actual C(max) (actual T(max)) were determined, and pharmacokinetic modeling was used to calculate model C(max) and model T(max). RESULTS: Erythromycin increased abomasal emptying rate, as indicated by a shorter time to actual T(max) and model T(max) (P < .05). Abomasal emptying rate after injection of low-dose gentamicin was similar to that of control. Administration of high-dose gentamicin resulted in a longer time to actual T(max) (P= .021) but did not change model T(max) (P= .62). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: IM injection of erythromycin increased abomasal emptying rate in dairy calves, whereas low-dose and high-dose gentamicin did not alter the rate of abomasal emptying as measured by acetaminophen kinetics and glucose absorption. The clinical relevance of these findings remains to be determined.     

乳铁蛋白的分离纯化

乳铁蛋白的分离纯化方法较多,本文采用3次盐析法和1次凝胶层析法从来源丰富的牛初乳中分离纯化LF并利用电泳和分光光度法法检测其纯度和含量,所获得的乳铁蛋白的分子质量为90000u,纯度大约为92%。     

蕹菜对镉吸收积累及应用研究进展

综述了镉对蕹菜生长的影响,蕹菜对镉的吸收积累和相关机理,以及蕹菜在修复土壤镉污染和安全生产两方面的前景,为研究及应用蕹菜吸收积累镉提供理论参考。     

HPLC和原子吸收光谱法测定黄芩苷锌含量的比较研究

为了比较黄芩苷锌含量测定的不同方法,建立更加简单、快速的含量测定方法,分别采用高效液相色谱法法和原子吸收光谱法对黄芩苷锌原料药的含量测定进行研究。结果表明,HPLC测定黄芩苷锌线性范围为10.0~200.0 μg/mL,相关系数r=0.9999,精密度(RSD=0.08%)良好;原子吸收光谱法线性范围为0~2.0 μg/mL,相关系数r=0.9983,精密度(RSD=0.13%)良好,但前处理过程过于复杂,耗时太长。因此更推荐HPLC法。     

改性红辉沸石吸油值和吸水量的研究与应用初探

通过饱和滴定法研究了广西天然红辉沸石的吸油值、吸水量,并且将不同目数的沸石经过硫酸改性后,分析了其吸油值与吸水量的变化。实验结果表明：红辉沸石本身具有一定的亲油性,且随着沸石粒径的减小而增大,对其进行酸改性可以令沸石的亲水性减弱,亲油性增强,为后续研究添加红辉沸石的室内环保水性涂料配方提供了参考依据。     

碱茅营养吸收对盐胁迫及渗透胁迫的反应

在０．０－－１．５ＭＰａ渗透势范围内，盐分及渗透胁迫对碱茅植株Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ百分含量无显著影响。但随渗透降低，植株Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ吸收量迅速降低。     

高效净化污水光合细菌的分离鉴定

研究旨在筛选1株能够高效净化污水的光合细菌。通过对不同来源光合细菌的筛选分离以及比较菌株对水体有机质、氨态氮、可溶性磷的去除作用,综合比较得到1株最优菌株P1,该菌对水体有机质有很强的吸收能力,去除率可以达到66.87%,对水体氨态氮和磷有一定的吸收作用,去除率分别为3.33%和8.03%。经过16S rDNA测序以及生理生化实验鉴定,该菌为粪红假单胞菌(Rhodopseu-domonas faecalis)。药敏试验显示P1菌对常用抗生素均有一定的敏感性,其中对庆大霉素最敏感,其次是氨苄青霉素和链霉素,对卡那霉素最不敏感,显示在应用过程中要注意抗生素对该菌存活能力的影响。     

龙须菜对异育银鲫消化吸收、免疫及抗氧化性能的影响

本试验旨在评估龙须菜替代饲料中的菜粕对异育银鲫幼鱼消化吸收、免疫及抗氧化性能的影响,确定龙须菜的适宜替代范围。选取健康且规格一致的异育银鲫幼鱼450尾,随机分为6组,每组3个重复,每个重复25尾,以不含龙须菜的基础饲料为对照组饲料,以3%（D1）、6%（D2）、9%（D3）、12%（D4）、15%（D5）龙须菜替代菜粕配制成的饲料为试验饲料饲喂试验鱼8周,所有饲料等蛋等脂,试验结束时测定各组异育银鲫消化吸收、免疫及抗氧化相关酶活性。结果显示,与对照组相比,投喂龙须菜饲料各组异育银鲫肝脏消化酶活性无显著差异（P<0.05）;D1组异育银鲫前肠碱性磷酸酶、肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性,D1和D2组异育银鲫前肠γ-谷氨酰转肽酶活性显著升高（P<0.05）,D5组异育银鲫前肠脂肪酶、碱性磷酸酶活性和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性显著下降（P<0.05）;D1~D3组异育银鲫肾脏酸性磷酸酶活性、D2~D5组异育银鲫血清溶菌酶活性及D2、D3组异育银鲫血清总胆固醇含量和前肠总抗氧化能力显著升高（P<0.05）,而D5组异育银鲫血清总蛋白含量显著下降（P<0.05）。综上所述,饲料中添加3%~6%的龙须菜可在一定程度上提高异育银鲫消化吸收与免疫性能,当龙须菜替代水平达15%时,会对鱼体消化吸收和健康产生负面影响。