The effect of some Frescon analogs on the aquatic snail,Lymnaea stagnalis: II. Correlation of neurotoxicity to Molluscicidal effectiveness

Although the molluscicide Frescon is a strong neurotoxin to the Lymnaea stagnalis central nervous system in vitro, it is probable that the exposure of the whole animal to this molluscicide fails to result in central nervous system abnormalities: Frescon does not appear to reach the brain in sufficient quantity to disrupt its normal activity. However, only those Frescon analogs found to be neurotoxic were molluscicidal, suggesting some related mode, if not site, of action. Frescon and its analogs may act by affecting excitable tissues other than the nervous system (e.g., the snail musculature) by altering certain functional and/or structural membrane properties.     

静原鸡let-7a-5p的靶基因预测及组织表达分析

【目的】了解let-7a-5p的生物学信息,初步探索其在静原鸡肌肉组织中的功能作用。【方法】利用生物信息学方法对转录组测序获得的静原鸡let-7a-5p的成熟序列进行保守性分析,使用miRDB、TargetScan和miRanda在线软件预测let-7a-5p的靶基因,取其交集进行GO功能和KEGG通路富集分析,并利用实时荧光定量PCR检测let-7a-5p在静原鸡公鸡和母鸡各组织中的表达水平。【结果】let-7a-5p的成熟序列在各物种间高度保守,共预测得到38个基因集合。在生物过程、细胞组分和分子功能中靶基因富集较多的GO条目有细胞过程、生物调节、细胞、结合和催化活性;靶基因显著富集于聚酮糖单元生物合成、AGE-RAGE信号通路在糖尿病并发症中的作用、泛素介导的蛋白水解、TGF-β信号通路和加压素调节的水重吸收信号通路,且富集最多的是代谢途径、AGE-RAGE信号通路在糖尿病并发症中的作用、泛素介导的蛋白水解和MAPK信号通路。let-7a-5p-靶基因互作主要通过作用于靶mRNA的3′-UTR抑制表达或使其降解。组织表达发现,let-7a-5p在静原鸡公、母鸡的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、...     

Repression of deoxynivalenol accumulation and expression of Tri genes in Fusarium culmorum by fungicides in vitro

A defined medium was developed in which to monitor deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation, fungal growth and expression of genes involved in trichothecene biosynthesis (designated Tri genes). In liquid culture, DON accumulated shortly after maximum expression of Tri6 and coincident with expression of Tri5. This was generally 96 h after inoculation. The effects of sublethal concentrations of the fungicides azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl and tebuconazole on biosynthesis of the trichothecene DON by Fusarium culmorum were studied using this medium. The strobilurin fungicides trifloxystrobin and azoxystrobin significantly reduced the accumulation of DON in culture medium at a range of concentrations. Kresoxim-methyl, also a strobilurin, and tebuconazole, a triazole, did not significantly reduce the accumulation of DON, although levels were lower than those in nonamended cultures. Trifloxystrobin significantly reduced the accumulation of DON when added to cultures before initiation of trichothecene biosynthesis. RT-PCR assays of the expression of Tri6 and Tri5 genes indicated that trifloxystrobin acted by inhibiting the initiation of trichothecene biosynthesis.     

重组GP5AB蛋白间接ELISA检测PRRSV抗体方法的研究

利用GST-GP5AB重组蛋白作为包被抗原,通过反应条件优化,建立了用于检测猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)抗体的间接ELISA方法。抗原最适包被浓度为2μg/mL,最佳封闭液为0.15%BSA,37℃封闭2 h后,再4℃封闭24 h,血清最适稀释度为1∶200,其作用时间为60m in,酶标抗体最适稀释度为1∶20 000,最适作用时间为90 m in,37℃显色10 m in,S/P≥0.284为阳性,S/P≤0.26为阴性,介于二者之间为可疑的判定标准。该抗原与猪其他4种临床症状类似的疾病的阳性血清反应呈阴性。批内和批间重复性试验结果,变异系数均小于7%,表明本方法具有较好的特异性和重复性。应用本方法初步检测了一些疫苗免疫仔猪血清样品,并与重组N蛋白和PRRSV抗原同时进行比较,结果显示3种抗原检测的结果基本一致。     

沈阳市H5亚型高致病性禽流感免疫效果分析

采用连续采样与实验室血清学监测数据,对沈阳市2006-2009年际间和季度间的H5亚型高致病性禽流感的免疫效果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,H5亚型禽流感免疫效果受多种因素的影响,认为要充分结合免疫地的实际情况,因地制宜采取切实有效的措施。同时提出加强H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫效果的几点建议。     

绵羊DECR1基因exon 5部分序列多态性分析

试验根据GenBank登录的牛2,4-双烯-CoA还原酶1(2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductasel,DECR1)基因序列(NP_001068891)设计引物,应用PCR技术对德国美利奴绵羊、杜泊绵羊、特克塞尔绵羊DECR1基因的exon 5部分序列进行克隆测序;利用PCR-SSCP技术检测了3个绵羊群体exon 5单链构象多态性(SNP),所获序列与GenBank中其他物种exon 5序列进行了同源性比较,并构建了亲缘关系聚类分析图.结果表明,绵羊DECR1基因exon 5长为137 bp,3个绵羊群体中exon 5均不存在SNPs,各种动物之间DECR1基因exon 5的同源性较高,在81.02%(鸡)～97.08%(牛)之间,其中绵羊和牛同源性最高,达到97.08%;与鸡的同源性最低,为81.02%;聚类分析结果显示,绵羊首先与牛聚为一类,再分别与兔子、狗聚为一类,最后分别与人、猪聚为一类,绵羊与牛的亲缘关系最近,与鸡的亲缘关系最远,与传统分类相一致,说明DECR1基因exon 5在动物进化过程中高度保守.     

LncRNA-NONMMUT131476.1对PHEV复制的影响及其靶基因Nlrc5的验证

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)是长达200个以上核苷酸的转录本,在不同组织和发育阶段的表达具有特异性。为筛选与猪血凝性脑脊髓炎病毒(porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus,PHEV)致小鼠神经系统损失相关的LncRNA,本试验对正常小鼠和PHEV感染小鼠大脑皮质进行高通量测序,获得PHEV感染过程中LncRNA差异表达数据。经过生物学分析,发现与PHEV感染相关的LncRNA-NONMMUT131476.1位于小鼠第8号染色体Herpud1(homocysteine-inducible,endoplasmic reticulum stress-inducible,ubiquitin-like domain member 1)和Nlrc5(NLR family,CARD domain containing 5)两基因间,由5个外显子构成。利用qPCR方法对感染PHEV的小鼠脑组织和N2a细胞中LncRNA-NONMMUT131476.1及Nlrc5基因的表达量进行检测,发现LncRNA-NONMMUT131476.1和Nlrc5基因的表达量均呈上调。研究发现干扰LncRNA-NONMMUT131476.1后Nlrc5表达被抑制,表明Nlrc5可能为其潜在靶基因。同时,沉默LncRNA-NONMMUT131476.1表达能促进病毒复制增殖,表明该LncRNA可能作为调节因子,参与调控PHEV感染过程,但其具体机制有待于进一步研究。本试验为PHEV感染发病机制和PHEV防制研究提供新思路。     

羊布鲁菌16MOmp25真核表达载体的构建

利用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）,以羊布鲁菌16M基因组为模板克隆Omp25基因,设计含有EcoRI和xhoI酶切位点的引物序列,定向克隆到真核表达载体pCMV-HA上,构建真核表达重组质粒pCMV-HA～Omp25。经测序及双酶切验证正确,证明成功构建了pCMV-HA—Omp25真核表达质粒,为表达纯化外膜蛋白Omp25,研究其功能奠定基础。     

基于乌金猪深度发掘的优质高效新品种选育

目的揭示宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5多态性及其与肉质性状的关联。方法采用PCR产物直接测序法检测了120头宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5区域的SNP位点,借助最小二乘模型分析了各位点不同基因型及合并基因型对6个肉质性状的影响。结果宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5区域检出3个SNP位点,包括2个同义突变位点(T579C、T580C)和1个错义突变位点(G595A),分别以TT、TT、GA基因型和T、T、G等位基因的频率最高,且都处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。T579C、T580C位点的TT和TC基因型可显著提高大理石纹(P<0.05)和降低失水率(P<0.01),分别呈显著的加性效应及加性—显性效应(P<0.05或P<0.01);G595A位点的AA基因型失水率最低(P<0.05)、熟肉率最高(P<0.05),呈显著的加性效应(P<0.05);3个位点的合并基因型TTTTGG、TCTCGG和TTTTAA分别具有最高的大理石纹、pH₁和最低的失水率(P<0.05或P<0.01),CCCCGG基因型的大理石纹和pH₁最低、失水率最高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论研究结果进一步确认宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5多态性与肌肉大理石纹、pH值和失水率显著关联,T579C、T580C位点的CC基因型和G595A位点的GG基因型具有协同降低猪肉品质的效应。     

Genetic analysis of ORF5 of recent Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSVs) in viremic sera collected from MLV-vaccinating or non-vaccinating farms

The 23 open reading frame (ORF) 5 sequences of Korean type II porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) were collected from viremic sera from the (modified live vaccine) MLV-vaccinating and non-vaccinating farms from 2007 to 2008. The samples were phylogenetically analyzed with previous ORF5 sequences, including type I Korean PRRSV, and previously reported or collected sequences from 1997 to 2008. A MN184-like subgroup of type II Korean PRRSV was newly identified in the viremic sera collected from 2007 to 2008. And of the type I PRRSVs, one subgroup had 87.2~88.9% similarity with the Lelystad virus, showing a close relationship with the 27~2003 strain of Spain. The maximum parsimony tree of type II PRRSV from 1997 to 2008 showed that they had evolved to four lineages, subgroups 1, 2, 3 and 4. Most of the recently collected type II PRRSVs belonged to subgroup 4 (48%). The region of three B-cell epitopes and two T-cell epitopes of ORF5 amino acids sequences was considerably different from the MLV in subgroups 3 and 4. In conclusion, the existence of type I PRRSV, which was genetically different from Lelystad virus (Prototype of type I PRRSV), and heterologous type II PRRSVs of viremic pigs detected even in the MLV-vaccinating farms indicated the need for new vaccine approaches for the control of PRRSV in Korea.