ZnSO_4和MnCl_2对黄芪幼苗形态建成及生理特性的影响

植物所需的微量元素,其功能各不相同,如果某种微量元素缺乏,就会引起植物生理机能的紊乱,导致出现各种症状,影响叶色和长势,甚至使植株衰弱以至死亡。试验拟从锌和锰入手,以黄芪为研究对象,具体地研究了这两种微量元素对黄芪种子的发芽情况和部分形态及生理指标包括叶绿素含量、POD和SOD的活性的影响。结果表明,ZnSO4和MnCl2均可促进黄芪种子的萌发速率。ZnSO4在浓度为250mg/L时可使叶绿素含量提高47.1%,在浓度为50mg/L时可使POD活性增强32.3%。MnCl2浓度为125mg/L时可使SOD活性增强116.7%。因此可以认为一定浓度的锌和锰可以调节黄芪的生长。     

Effects of Cd,Zn, or both on soil microbial biomass and activity in a clay loam soil

We investigated Cd, Zn, and Cd + Zn toxicity to soil microbial biomass and activity, and indigenous Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar trifolii, in two near neutral pH clay loam soils, under long-term arable and grassland management, in a 6-month laboratory incubation, with a view to determining the causative metal. Both soils were amended with Cd- or Zn-enriched sewage sludge, to produce soils with total Cd concentrations at four times (12 mg Cd g⁻¹ soil), and total Zn concentrations (300 mg Zn kg⁻¹ soil) at the EU upper permitted limit. The additive effects of Cd plus Zn at these soil concentrations were also investigated. There were no significant differences in microbial biomass C (B _C), biomass ninhydrin N (B _N), ATP, or microbial respiration between the different treatments. Microbial metabolic quotient (defined as qCO₂ = units of CO₂–C evolved unit⁻¹ biomass C unit⁻¹ time) also did not differ significantly between treatments. However, the microbial maintenance energy (in this study defined as qCO₂-to-μ ratio value, where μ is the growth rate) indicated that more energy was required for microbial synthesis in metal-rich sludge-treated soils (especially Zn) than in control sludge-treated soils. Indigenous R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii numbers were not significantly different between untreated and sludge-treated grassland soils after 24 weeks regardless of metal or metal concentrations. However, rhizobial numbers in the arable soils treated with metal-contaminated sludges decreased significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the untreated control and uncontaminated sludge-treated soils after 24 weeks. The order of decreasing toxicity to rhizobia in the arable soils was Zn > Cd > Cd + Zn.     

干旱条件下锌、锰肥对玉米叶绿素含量的影响

研究了盆栽条件下施用微量元素锌和锰对玉米生长及叶片叶绿素含量的影响。在正常供水和土壤干旱条件下,施用锌、锰肥明显改善了玉米的生长状况和叶片叶绿素含量。干旱情况下,施锌处理的玉米株高增加了11.7%,地上部和地下部干物质增加了37.8%和69.3%,施锰处理的玉米株高增加了12.6%,地上部和地下部干物质增加了24.8%,和29.5%。正常供水条件下,施锌处理的玉米株高、地上部及地下部干物质分别依次增加了10.7%、11.1%和30.3%;施锰处理的玉米分别依次增加了9.0%、7.6%和21.6%。正常供水条件下,施锌使玉米叶片叶绿素a增加了14.3%、叶绿素b增加了15.3%、总叶绿素含量增加了14.8%;施锰使叶绿素a增加了31.7%、叶绿素b增加了40.0%、总叶绿素含量增加了35.8%。干旱情况下,施锌使叶绿素a增加了8.9%、叶绿素b增加了10.23%、总叶绿素含量增加了9.5%。施锰处理的叶绿素a增加了16.3%、叶绿素b增加了11.7%、总叶绿素含量增加了12.6%。     

SiCW/Zn-22Al复合材料的组织与高温变形

对低压浸渗、挤压比为10：1的热挤压以及固溶处理制备的SiCw／Zn-22Al复合材料的组织与高温变形行为进行了研究。结果表明：SiCw的复合使材料中出现了熔点为655K的低熔点共晶组织。显著提高了变形抗力，降低了塑性，并使材料丧失了在共析温度区的超塑性；在出现适量液相的共晶温度区，复合材料具有超塑性。     

保水剂与锌肥协同施用对旱地春玉米生理特征及产量的影响

2015～2016年采用盆栽实验的方法,设置两种水分处理,正常供水(W1)为田间持水量的75％～85％,干旱(W2)处理为田间持水量45％～55％,同时施加保水剂(B)和锌肥(Zn),对照处理(CK)不添加保水剂与锌肥,研究保水剂与微量元素锌对辽西地区玉米生理形态特性、水分利用效率及干物质分配及产量的影响.结果表明,在...