中国植物志第九卷第一分册(禾本科——竹亚科分册)错误之订正

对中国植物志第九卷第一分册(禾本科—竹亚科分册)一些面上错误进行了讨论,共涉及到38个分类单位。其中纠正了3个分类等级学名的使用错误、26个分类单位引证和印刷错误;并根据《国际植物命名法规》的有关规定,对10个分类单位学名拼写中的错误作了订正。     

Relationship between root-endophytic microbial communities and replant disease in specialized apple growing areas in Europe

Apple replant disorders are one of the causes of the downward trend of land planted with apple orchards in Central Europe. A specific transnational survey was thus conducted on apple root associated microorganisms, aimed at increasing the knowledge regarding crop management to counteract this tendency. Soil health was evaluated using a bioassay test with root cuttings of the clonal M9 rootstock, one of the most commonly used rootstocks in Europe. Plant growth response in replant, fallow and gamma ray-sterilized soil was evaluated using soil samples taken from nine orchards selected (three per country) from specialized apple growing areas of Germany, Austria and Italy. Plant growth significantly differed between treatments but not between countries. Root endophytic fungi were confirmed as one of the main components of growth reduction, while endophytic nematodes (Pratylenchus sp.) were not. The large set of quantitative and qualitative data of root endophytic fungi allowed to clarify that Cylindrocarpon-like fungi (Ilyonectria spp. and Thelonectria sp.) had a major pathogenic role in the three countries, while Pythium spp. prevailed as pathogen only in German orchards. Gamma ray-sterilized soil resulted in a more-than-proportional increase of plant growth (42% and 31% respectively vs. replant and fallow) as compared to that observed between fallow and replant soil (18%). This best performance in gamma ray-sterilized soil, in addition to the lowest root colonization by Cylindrocarpon-like fungi in this treatment, appeared to be due to the different composition of fungal communities as compared to two other treatments (fallow and replant soil), which instead were highly similar to each other. This difference was due to a shift of community composition toward Fusarium and binucleate Rhizoctonia, which prevailed in sterilized soil.     

粤甜9号种植密度与产量及种植效益的影响

以超甜玉米粤甜9号为材料，研究不同密度对产量及种植效益的关系。结果表明，适宜密度应在48000~54000株/hm2，过高或过低都会影响鲜苞商品性状、产量及经济效益。最适宜栽培密度在48000株/hm2，此时鲜苞商品率好，产量和种植效益均较高。     

甘蓝花粉特异表达的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因BoMF9的克隆与特征分析

根据白菜花粉特异的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因BcMF9的全长序列设计引物，通过PCR直接扩增的方法从结球甘蓝（Brassica. oleracea var. capitata）和芥蓝（B. oleracea var. alboglabra）中克隆得到BcMF9的同源基因BoMF9（BoMF9c和BoMF9l）。生物信息学分析和系统树构建发现BoMF9c和BoMF9l具有花粉特异表达的多聚半乳糖醛酸酶基因的序列特征。不同组织的表达特征分析发现它们分别在结球甘蓝和芥蓝的花蕾中特异表达。推测BoMF9c和BoMF9l可能在花粉萌发和花粉管伸长中起作用。     

基于马赛克HA序列的H9亚型禽流感灭活疫苗的免疫效力分析

H9亚型禽流感在我国家禽中广泛流行,给养禽业造成巨大经济损失的同时,也严重威胁着公共卫生安全。H9亚型禽流感病毒（avian influenza virus,AIV）具有高度遗传变异性,导致流行株和疫苗株之间抗原匹配性差,从而影响疫苗的临床保护效果,急需研发一种高效、具有交叉保护性的通用型H9亚型禽流感疫苗。马赛克疫苗是针对遗传多样性病原体设计,通过整合所有抗原序列获得一条抗原表位覆盖最广泛的嵌合蛋白,并制备疫苗。本研究参考mosaic疫苗设计原则,设计、优化并合成了一条H9亚型禽流感病毒的mosaic血凝素（hemagglutinin,HA）基因序列,采用反向遗传操作技术,以H1N1亚型流感病毒PR8株为骨架,以mosaic H9HA序列替换PR8株的HA片段,获得重组病毒rPR8-HAm/H9。将其制备为灭活疫苗并免疫SPF雏鸡,监测抗体水平、攻毒保护效果,评价其交叉保护效果。结果表明,重组病毒rPR8-HAm/H9灭活疫苗免疫SPF雏鸡,可诱导机体产生较高水平的HI抗体和中和抗体,可显著抑制攻毒后病毒的脱落,对H9N2 AIV JM0305株的攻毒保护率为80%。rPR8-HAm/H9灭活疫苗可以对异源H9N2 AIV JM0305株产生较好的交叉攻毒保护,为研发基于马赛克技术的禽流感通用疫苗提供了前期基础。     

弓形虫微线体蛋白MIC9的原核表达及免疫反应性分析

为深入了解弓形虫微线体蛋白9(MIC9)基因功能,以弓形虫RH株总基因组为模板PCR扩增MIC9基因片段,并构建MIC9的原核表达载体,采用Western blot对其免疫反应性进行鉴定分析。结果显示:扩增出大小为903 bp的MIC9基因片段,与预期结果一致;成功构建了pMD-18T-MIC9克隆质粒和pGEX-4T-1-MIC9原核表达载体,经过双酶切及测序鉴定正确,且能够在大肠杆菌中成功表达,表达蛋白的分子量为59 kDa;经免疫反应性鉴定,MIC9重组蛋白能够被弓形虫全虫抗体特异性识别,证明重组蛋白MIC9具有一定的免疫反应性。研究结果为弓形虫MIC9基因免疫功能的后续研究提供了参考。     

中药复方对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒在MDCK细胞增殖的作用

为了筛选对H9N2亚型禽流感病毒（Avian influenza virus,AIV）有独特防治效果的中药复方,本试验基于禽流感发病临床症状、结合中药复方用药基本原则,组方芩根提取液（Qingen extract,QG）,以奥司他韦（达菲,DF）为阳性对照药,通过研究药液对神经氨酸酶（neuraminidase,NA）的抑制作用,采用CCK-8法测定药液对犬肾上皮细胞（MDCK）毒性作用,并从病毒吸附、增殖和灭活3个方面做了药效评价。结果表明,QG对NA的抑制作用在一定浓度范围内呈浓度依赖性增高,半数抑制浓度（IC₅₀）约为1 130 μg/mL;QG和DF的最大安全浓度分别为2 500和500 μg/mL,H9N2 AIV的TCID₅₀为10^-4.36/100 μL;QG浓度为156.25~2 500 μg/mL范围内,对H9N2 AIV的病毒毒力有一定抑制作用,并在MDCK细胞上呈现出一定的抗吸附、抑制病毒复制作用。表明QG在对抗H9N2 AIV的NA活性、抑制H9N2 AIV吸附靶细胞和在细胞内复制有一定的作用。     

DRS—1高分散松香胶分散剂的合成及应用研究

合成了碘基琥珀酸ＡＥＯ－９单酯二钠盐,表征了其结构和性质,并将其用作松香分散剂,在中、低转速搅拌和戒严用硬水转相,制备了固含量高「（４５±２）％」、粒度小（０．１－０．５μｍ≥９０％）、稳定性好的松香分散胶。     

H9N2禽流感病毒HA2基因重组杆状病毒的表达

从pMD18-THA阳性质粒扩增了H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的HA2基因，将扩增到的HA2基因克隆至昆虫杆状病毒转移栽体pBlueBacHis2A中。将其与杆状病毒共转染于Sf9昆虫细胞，经蚀斑筛选纯化重组杆状病毒，用其感染Sf9昆虫细胞，并优化表达条件。SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析表明，表达产物的分子质量约为27ku。Dot-ELISA分析表明，表达的HA2融合蛋白可与鸡抗HgN2亚型血清发生特异性反应，而与H5和H7亚型抗血清间无交叉反应。     

基于ARM9的林果运输单轨车车况远程监测系统设计

为实现单轨车车况监测的便捷化,设计了基于ARM9的林果运输单轨车车况远程监测系统,实现了对单轨车速度、载重量、障碍物情况等参数的实时采集以及LCD显示屏的动态显示,并具有通过GPRS模块将实时监测数据发送到智能手机监控端的功能.测试结果表明该系统性能稳定,具有扩展性好、实用性强、便于操作等特点.