鸡miR-17-92基因簇上游A/T富集区启动子活性鉴定与分析

文章采用基因定点突变和报告基因技术作A/T富集区启动子鉴定和转录调控分析,研究鸡miR-17-92基因簇上游A/T富集区是否具有启动子活性。PromPredict预测分析提示miR-17-92基因簇上游-388～-444 bp处可能是启动子区域。转录因子结合位点分析发现,A/T富集区存在3个E2F1潜在结合位点,分别位于miR-17-92基因簇上游-1 273 bp(结合位点1)、-1 186 bp(结合位点2)和-753 bp(结合位点3)处。报告基因活性分析发现,鸡miR-17-92基因簇上游A/T富集区具有启动子活性,其中miR-17-92基因簇上游-440/-1区域启动子活性最强。共转染分析显示,转录因子E2F1极显著抑制该A/T富集区启动子活性(P<0.01);进一步定点突变分析表明E2F1通过E2F1结合位点1和2抑制A/T富集区启动子活性。报告基因分析发现,与对A/T富集区启动子作用不同,E2F1促进miR-17-92基因簇宿主基因(MIR17HG)启动子活性。文章首次发现鸡miR-17-92基因簇上游存在一个新的转录调控区,对揭示鸡miR-17-92基因簇转录调控具有重要意义。     

感染大肠杆菌F17湖羊羔羊脾脏中差异circRNA分析

【背景】羊大肠杆菌病是一种以剧烈腹泻和败血症为特征的急性传染病,是规模化羊场最为常见高发的细菌性疾病之一,尤其是初生羔羊易被产肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）感染,引起羔羊腹泻,又叫羔羊白痢,使养殖场遭受严重的经济损失。而传统的抗生素治疗方案存在诸多缺陷。【目的】 本研究通过让湖羊羔羊口服大肠杆菌 F17菌株获得不腹泻和腹泻的羔羊个体,筛选出服用大肠杆菌F17菌毛后不腹泻与腹泻型个体中差异表达的circRNA,进而探究circRNA在绵羊抗腹泻中的作用,从而发现与抗大肠杆菌病性状相关的候选基因。从circRNA层面上,加深对绵羊拮抗大肠杆菌F17菌株的认识,确定绵羊拮抗大肠杆菌F17菌株的功能基因。【方法】用CIRI软件从头预测circRNA,利用RNA-seq技术,首次筛选出感染大肠杆菌F17菌株后不腹泻与腹泻型羔羊个体脾脏中差异表达的(DE)circRNA,对差异表达转录本进行GO富集分析,结合GO注释结果对其功能进行描述。统计每个GO条目中所包括的差异转录本个数,并用Fisher's exact test计算每个GO条目中差异转录本富集的显著性。然后随机选择6个DE circRNA,利用q-PCR分别验证这6个DE circRNA在不腹泻和腹泻组羔羊脾脏内的相对表达水平,进而利用Miranda软件来预测与miRNA结合的circRNA以及miRNA的靶基因,根据miRNA靶基因的功能注释来阐明此部分circRNA的功能,分析circRNA-miRNA-mRNA相互作用,最后用q-PCR验证circRNA在不腹泻组和腹泻组羔羊体内的相对表达水平。【结果】 绘制参考序列后,鉴定出已知的7 730个circRNA,DE circRNA与GO 数据库进行比对,发现一共有60条circRNA被注释和分类到297个功能亚类中。利用RNA-seq在不腹泻和腹泻羔羊脾脏中筛选出60个差异表达的(DE) circRNA,其中31个上调和29个下调,用q-PCR验证随机选择的6个DE circRNA在不腹泻组和腹泻组羔羊体内的相对表达水平,发现与RNA-seq结果一致。利用Miranda分析circRNA-miRNA-mRNA相互作用,发现6个circRNA、5个miRNA和8个mRNA之间存在一定的靶标关系,用q-PCR验证mRNA在不腹泻组和腹泻组羔羊体内的相对表达水平,发现与RNA-seq结果一致。【结论】 探究了对于不腹泻和腹泻羔羊脾脏中circRNA的表达谱,进一步了解其在绵羊抗病发生过程中的调控作用。发现了不腹泻和腹泻羔羊脾脏中差异表达的circRNA,有助于找出羔羊如何抵抗腹泻的发生机制,为羔羊抵抗腹泻提供科学的依据。     

F17大肠杆菌在湖羊羔羊个体脾脏中LncRNA表达谱变化

【目的】通过筛选对大肠杆菌（E.coli）F17菌毛非腹泻型与腹泻型的绵羊脾脏中差异表达的lncRNA,来探究lncRNA对绵羊抗腹泻的作用。【方法】本研究通过对湖羊羔羊口服E.coli F17菌株获得非腹泻和腹泻型个体,利用羔羊肠道细菌计数、病理组织切片验证攻毒成功性;构建非腹泻组和腹泻组羔羊脾脏的cDNA文库,使用Illumina HiSeq 2500平台进行配对测序;通过Gene Ontology（GO）和KEGG Pathway富集分析对差异表达转录本功能描述和细胞通路分析,利用FPKM法估计lncRNA和mRNA转录物的表达水平,并用高通量测序技术RNA-seq筛选出非腹泻和腹泻个体脾脏中的差异表达lncRNA;然后利用荧光定量PCR技术检测了非腹泻组和腹泻组羔羊脾脏组织中DE lncRNA和DE mRNA的表达水平,来验证筛选的DE lncRNA在非腹泻组过程中发挥作用。【结果】羔羊口服E.coli F17菌株后,出现非腹泻和腹泻两种表型,腹泻组羔羊肠道中的细菌数量显著高于非腹泻组（P<0.05）,同时腹泻组羔羊空肠黏膜组织出现不同程度的损伤,色泽暗沉,小肠绒毛部分脱落。笔者利用RNA-seq在非腹泻和腹泻羔羊脾脏中筛选出34个差异表达的（DE）lncRNA,703个的DE mRNA,随机选择一共12个DE lncRNA和DE mRNA,用q-PCR验证它们在非腹泻型和腹泻型羔羊体内的相对表达水平,发现与RNA-seq结果一致。通过Gene Ontology（GO）和KEGG Pathway富集分析,将DE lncRNA与GO 数据库进行比对的结果表明一共有34条lncRNA被注释和分类到302个功能亚类中,绵羊蛋白质结合（GO：0005515）,细胞核（GO：0005634）,poly（A）RNA结合（GO：0044822）,细胞质（GO：0005737）,组织重塑（GO：0048771）,内肽酶活性的调节（GO：0052548））,6-磷酸果糖-2-激酶/果糖-2,6-双磷酸酶复合物（GO：0043540）,磷脂酰肌醇磷酸化（GO：0046854）,果糖-2,6-二磷酸2-磷酸酶活性（GO：0004331）,钙依赖性磷脂酶C活性（GO：0050429）等10 个功能亚类的lncRNA较多,而其余的功能亚类的lncRNA分布较少。将DE lncRNA与KEGG 通路数据库进行比对的结果表明,一共有34条lncRNA被注释和归类到149个KEGG 通路中,绵羊甲状腺激素信号通路（路径：ko04919）,Spliceosome（路径：ko03040）,白细胞跨内皮迁移（路径：ko04670）,神经营养因子信号通路（路径：ko04722）,溶酶体（路径：ko04142）,MAPK信号通路 - 途径（路径： ko04011）,鞘脂信号通路（路径：ko04071）,吞噬体（路径：ko04145）,氧化磷酸化（路径：ko00190）等9 个KEGG 通路的lncRNA较多,而其余的KEGG 通路的lncRNA分布较少。 通过lncRNA-mRNA相互作用网络分析,发现6个共表达基因：MYO1G、TIMM29、CARM1、ADGRB1、SEPT4、DESI2。【结论】探究了对于腹泻产生非腹泻和腹泻型羔羊脾脏中lncRNA的表达谱,发现了非腹泻和腹泻羔羊脾脏中差异表达的lncRNA,有助于找出羔羊如何抵抗腹泻的发生机制,为羔羊抵抗腹泻提供科学的依据。     

甬优12抽穗动态调查及稻曲病预防适期研究

稻曲病已由次要病害上升为主要病害,对水稻生产危害严重,不但影响产量还降低其品质。稻曲病发生后(出现稻曲球)就很难防治,只能预防不能治疗。适时打药是高效预防稻曲病的关键。本研究结果表明,对籼粳杂交稻甬优12而言,在破口前10～13 d用专化杀菌剂预防1次、破口期再预防1次的处理防治效果最好,穗防效和病情指数防效分别为94.59%和98.33%;仅在破口前10 d或13 d喷1次药预防的处理,穗防效分别为86.95%和87.36%,病情指数防效分别为94.98%和95.99%。鉴于在实际生产中很难准确确定具体哪一天是破口前的第10 d或第13 d,本研究采用水稻生理学性状"叶枕平"(剑叶叶枕与倒数第2叶叶枕持平,或叶枕距为零)界定为最佳打药期,即稻田中1/3～1/2水稻植株处于叶枕平为第1次打药预防稻曲病的适期,第2次打药适期为破口前。     

黑木相思17号无性系在桂东地区早期生长表现

为丰富桂东地区速生树种多样性以及为生态敏感地区桉树改造提供新的树种,2017年5月在桂东地区试种黑木相思17号无性系20hm^2,分别在造林后第8个月和14个月调查试验林不同海拔、坡向、坡位的林分生长情况,试验结果表明:黑木相思17号无性系在桂东地区造林成活率85%以上,造林后第8个月成活率、地径和树高分别为92%,3.1cm和2.3m,造林第14个月地径、胸径和树高分别为7.4cm,5.8cm和5.0m;黑木相思造林后8-14个月,上坡生长表现优于下坡,海拔200m生长表现优于海拔320m。说明黑木相思17号无性系适合在桂东地区生长,避开谷底和山脚等光照不足地块、及时抚育是黑木相思在桂东地区造林成功的关键。     

子莲建选17号的种性研究

对建选17号品比试验、区试和生产示范的结果进行分析,建选17号生长势强,需种量1800～2250支/hm~2,比建宁县原主栽品种红花建莲节省25%～50%;有效花达57 150朵/hm~2,心皮数25.96个/蓬,结实率72.14%,生育期200～210 d。其通心白莲产量1100.96 kg/hm~2,比红花建莲增产46.74%。抗病力强,抗倒伏能力中等,稳产性好,适应性强。     

Change of intestinal flora and its relationship with IL-23/IL-17 axis in patients with ulcerative colitis

AIM:To investigate the change of intestinal flora distribution and its relationship with interleukin-23 (IL-23)/IL-17 axis in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. METHODS:The fresh fecal samples from 20 patients with active UC and 20 healthy controls were collected. The distribution of the flora was analyzed by direct smear and traditional bacterial culture. The changes of bacteria were detected by real-time PCR. The hemoglobin, albumin, erythrocyte sedimentation, and C-reactive protein levels were tested routinely. Both normal and damaged mucosal tissues of UC patients were examined and obtained by colonoscopy, and further assessed by Mayo scoring, Baron grading and HE staining. The expression of IL-17 and IL-23 was observed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS:(1) The degree of flora imbalance in active UC patients was higher than that in the healthy controls (P<0.05). (2) The results of aerobic culture showed that the number of Escherichia coli in the UC patients was significantly lower than that in the normal controls (P<0.01), while Enterococcus was increased obviously (P<0.01). The results of anaerobic culture revealed that the numbers of Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacilli in the UC patients were significantly decreased (P<0.01). (3) Quantitative analysis of target bacteria showed that the relative quantification of Escherichia coli, Bacteroidetes, Bifidobacterium bifidum and Lactobacilli in the UC patients was significantly lower than that in the normal subjects, and the number of Enterococcus was significantly increased (P<0.01). (4) Compared with control group, no significant change of hemoglobin in the UC patients was ovserved, albumin was significantly decreased (P<0.05), but erythrocyte sedimentation and C-reactive protein levels were elevated obviously (P<0.01). (5) The Mayo score, Baron grade, and histopathological score were all increased (P<0.01). (6) High IL-17 and IL-23 expression levels were detected in the UC patients (P<0.01). (7) Correlation analysis showed that the average absorbance values of IL-17 and IL-23 expression were positively correlated with Baron grade (r=0.717, P=0.02; r=0.849, P=0.016) and pathological score (r=0.660, P=0.03; r=0.675, P=0.032). Meanwhile, the average absorbance value of IL-23 expression was negatively correlated with the number of Escherichia coli (r=-0.699, P=0.025), and positively correlated with Enterococcus (r=0.872, P=0.010). Furthermore, the average absorbance value of IL-17 expression was positively correlated with Enterococcus (r=0.764, P=0.046), and both of them were not correlated with other bacteria. CONCLUSION:Obvious flora imbalance exists in active UC patients, changed intestinal microflora is closely related with the degree of inflammation. IL-23/IL-17 axis, as a key factor in the development of UC, may be related to the changes of intestinal microflora. The interaction between intestinal microflora and IL-23/IL-17 axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of UC.