临海盖竹洞与葛仙翁茶园探析

临海市南部山区盖竹洞发现有古碑确切记载的最早植茶遗址,为东汉末年著名道士葛玄＂仙翁茶园＂,出自葛玄侄孙葛洪名著《抱朴子》,宋《嘉定赤城志》亦有记载。清代著名史地学家齐召南所撰古碑犹存。证明临海自＂葛仙翁植茗＂开始,已有1800余年的茶史,明清两代,茶叶列为贡品,当代已成为全国名茶产区,茶文化历史可谓源远流长。     

浅谈施工图阶段的场地规划设计

场地规划设计是建筑学与城市规划专业在工作中的重要内容,也是实际工程中的重要环节。笔者从规划设计角度,结合实际工作,阐述了场地施工图阶段设计的主要内容。     

Field Performance of a Protective Collar against Damage by Hylobius abietis

The effectiveness of a plastic collar designed to protect planted seedlings against damage caused by Hylobius abietis (L.) (Col., Curculionidae) was evaluated at 63 planting sites in southern Sweden during 1979 and 1980. Nearly 10 000 collar‐protected pine and spruce plants and 10 000 controls were carefully examined for Hylobius‐damage and other injuries. In addition, the impact of some microsite factors on weevil damage and collar performance was evaluated, and the height growth was measured. The protective effect of the collar for two seasons after planting was comparable to that of insecticides and was best at sites with sparse vegetation and high weevil pressure. Proper application of the collar was crucial for good control. Collars were not observed to affect plant growth. Soil scarification reduced mortality in both collared plants and controls.     

现代图书馆建设理念的实现——以扬州大学扬子津校区新馆为例

以"读者为本,服务为先"的服务理念为先导来统领现代图书馆的建设。结合扬州大学新校区图书馆建设的工程实践,从五个方面阐述了现代图书馆发展的趋势——便捷性、智能性、文化性、效用性,从而保证现代图书馆建设理念的实现。     

新时期农村基层民主建设存在的问题及对策探索——以苏北三县(市)为例

农村基层民主建设是新农村建设的重中之重,大学生村官计划亦在推进农村基层民主建设方面取得了一定成效。文章以苏北3县(市)为例,着重从农村民主选举、民主决策、民主监督、大学生村官参与民主建设4个方面阐述农村基层民主建设存在的问题,并提出相应对策,致力于让大学生村官更好地推进农村基层民主建设的创新与发展。     

Grass interference limits resource availability and reduces growth of juvenile red pine in the field

The effects of competing grasses on resource availability, growth and ecophysiological characteristics of 3-0 red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) seedlings were examined the first two years following outplanting in Anoka County, Minnesota, USA. Equal numbers of seedlings were planted into suppressed and undisturbed grass communities in a sandy soil. Grass suppression was maintained throughout the first growing season, but partially discontinued thereafter on the site. During the first field season interference from grass reduced pine seedling root collar diameter, needle length, number of new root tips, and lateral root length by over 40%. Mean pre-dawn needle water potential was 0.55 MPa lower in undisturbed grass plots during a brief drought in year one, but otherwise water stress was not significantly (p=0.05) influenced by grass interference. The presence of grass also reduced, up to 50%, the photosynthetically active radiation reaching the seedling canopy. At the end of year one, total biomass N, P, K, and Ca content were significantly (p=0.05) less in seedlings growing in the undisturbed grass community. Nitrogen was deficient in seedlings growing in grass. After two growing seasons, seedling shoot length (p=0.03), root collar diameter (p=0.001), and needle length (p=0.001) were significantly less (40, 54 and 20%, respectively) for seedlings growing in undisturbed grass. Seedling growth reductions induced by grass competition were associated with multiple environmental stressors in the field and not restricted to water stress as was observed in earlier studies with pine species at low and mid-latitude sites.     

Spatial variation in tree seedling density after the site preparation for planting in a cleared coniferous plantation in Hokkaido,northern Japan

To study spatial variation in natural tree seedling density and the relationship between variation in seedling density and seed dispersal mode at a cleared site, we surveyed natural tree seedlings after the site preparation for planting in a coniferous plantation cleared by a typhoon disturbance in 2004. The site was located near Sikotsuko Lake, Hokkaido, northern Japan. Twenty-five tree seedling species were found and the mean seedling density was 9.8 seedlings/m². Seedlings of non-animal-dispersed species (7.2 seedlings/m²) were approximately five times more abundant than those of animal-dispersed species (1.4 seedlings/m²), and 87% of all seedlings were current. The seedling density of non-animal-dispersed species (almost all wind-dispersed) decreased with distance from a natural forest; however, this trend did not hold for animal-dispersed species (almost all bird-dispersed). The spatial variation in seedling density was lower in animal-dispersed species than in non-animal-dispersed species. Seed dispersal patterns and the viability duration of buried seeds likely affected the variation in seedling density by seed dispersal mode.     

Influence of soil mineralogy and chemistry on site quality within geological regions in Sweden

The relationship between soil properties and forest site quality was investigated. The site quality functions currently used fail in predicting variations within regions and the purpose of this study was to evaluate if the local accuracy in forest resource assessments could benefit from the use of geological and geochemical data. The investigation was conducted in mid-Sweden within two geological regions. The mineralogy of the parent material (C horizon) was estimated using a method for normative mineralogical assessment and the soil chemistry was determined for five soil horizons. The importance of individual minerals for site quality was different within the two geological regions. Functional relations were established between the properties in different soil horizons and site index. The functions between mineralogy and site index were improved by splitting the data according to the geologically different regions. The mineralogy explained 37–61% of the variation in site index, whereas the properties in the upper soil profile (O–B horizon) related more strongly to site index (18–80%). Stronger relations could be established in the mineralogically rich than in the mineralogically poor area.     

泾川县官山林场不同立地类型刺槐人工林生长调查分析

通过对官山林场5种立地类型人工刺槐林生长情况的调查和标准木树干解析,建立了树高、胸径、材积与树龄之间的回归方程,分析了立地类型对树高、胸径、材积生长的影响,初步研究探讨了刺槐人工林保护管理措施。