都市型园艺专业学位研究生人才培养探讨——以北京农学院为例

都市型现代农业是我国快速城市化进程发展的必然趋势。都市型园艺产业是都市型现代农业的主导产业。北京农学院以园艺专业学位研究生人才培养为试点,围绕专业学位高层人才培养定位和都市型农业的发展需要,从招生宣传、培养平台建设和毕业论文设置进行积极探索和实践。该文总结都市型园艺专业学位研究生人才培养经验,以为专业学位研究生培养提供参考。     

Agricultural development and commercialization in Fujian during Ming and Qing dynasties

明清时期是福建社会经济迅速发展时期。它首先表现在农业经济方面：传统粮食作物的种植面积不断扩大;番薯、玉米等高产作物的引进和推广,缓和了当时的粮食危机;同时经济作物的大量种植,打破了传统的自给自足自然经济,促进商品经济的发展。     

Managing agricultural change for biodiversity conservation in a Mediterranean upland

In Europe, land use changes follow public policies, and particularly the Common Agricultural Policy. To predict the effect of policies on agricultural practices, landscape, and ultimately biodiversity, requires understanding of the interactions between social, economic and ecological dynamics at regional scale. We studied by means of prospective scenarios the possible effects of agricultural changes on biodiversity in a Mediterranean upland. This area is characterised by extensive grasslands that have been maintained for centuries by agriculture and are now threatened by tree and shrub encroachment. We built four scenarios that describe possible changes in agricultural EU policies by 2030. We selected 15 bird species on the basis of a high natural heritage responsibility of the study area for these species and 45 plant species on the same basis plus local rarity and habitat vulnerability. We analysed how these species were affected by the four scenarios by considering changes in their habitats. For each scenario, we analysed the driving forces that determine land use changes. Landscape dynamics was modelled with a Generalised Linear Model combining environmental and land use factors. Most of the 60 selected species depend on open habitats. Only the scenario where public support was only granted if it provided environmental services had a positive impact on open habitats and their associated biodiversity. This ‘natural heritage’ scenario was also rated positively by local stakeholders. This approach sheds light on the interest of inter/transdisciplinary studies, scenarios, and stakeholder involvement in the definition of public policies for biodiversity conservation.     

农村人力资本运营:农业可持续发展的突破口

文章认为 ,我国农业可持续发展的最大“瓶颈”是农村人力资本的供给与农业可持续发展的需求错位即农村人力资本供给非均衡 ,并提出打破这一非均衡的对策———农村人力资本运营战略 ,并对如何推进农村人力资本运营进行了初步探讨。     

观光农业的发展与园区规划初探

论述了观光农业的发展历史、必然性和意义。分析了中国观光农业现存问题,并提出相应得应对策略。提出观光农业园区规划框架,期望能为今后的观光农业及园区建设提供一定的决策分析参考。     

“茶者，南方之嘉木也。”——对爷爷吴觉农的好友王泽农先生的回忆

王泽农先生（1907—1999）茶叶生化专家，著名茶学家，茶学教育家。他与吴觉农先生是终身的好友。上世纪七八十年代，他常常来北京，本文记述了在那一段时间里，王泽农先生与吴觉农的往来的几件小事。     

特色品牌基地建设是城郊型农业发展中的新模式——以山东省农科院农产品研究所现代化农业示范基地为例

针对城市郊区区域特点,提出发挥城郊区域优势、转变发展方式、调整产业结构、建设特色品牌基地的现代农业发展观点,并进一步提出特色品牌基地建设的思路和条件,经济和社会价值以及重点建设内容,以期实现城市郊区现代农业又好又快地科学发展。     

策勒县农业气候资源及其利用效益提高途径

策勒光能资源十分充裕，光能生产潜力较大。热量资源比较丰富，利于玉米、棉花等喜温作物的种植。光照丰富，温差大有利于对作物和瓜果产量和质量的提高。水资源紧缺，资源浪费严重。提高资源利用效率的途径有调整种植结构，引进作物新品种，提高作物产量，发展节水灌溉，合理开发利用水分资源等。     

循环经济与生态农业建设

循环经济是21世纪经济发展战略的必然选择,生态农业是农业循环经济的重要发展模式。文章在阐明循环经济和生态农业的涵义基础上,指出生态农业实质上是循环经济理论在农业上的运用和体现:通过对农业资源和农业环境分析,得出中国发展生态农业的客观必然性;最后提出了生态农业建设的发展战略。     

方观承对直隶农业发展的影响

分析了方观承在担任直隶总督期间直隶地区农业发展制定的政策与措施,并对直隶地区的水利工程进行了简介。