饲喂转球虫基因功能乳酸杆菌后对雏鸡体重的影响

为了验证转鸡柔嫩艾美耳球虫保护性抗原SO7基因的功能乳酸菌对人工球虫攻击的保护性 ,将这种转球虫SO7基因的功能乳酸杆菌给刚出壳的雏鸡饲喂 ,一周后攻球虫卵囊 5× 1 0 4 个 /只 ,通过对试验雏鸡的体重变化来检测转球虫SO7基因工程乳酸菌的有效性 ,设红、白对照组 ,转基因乳酸菌组和乳酸菌对照组。结果表明 :饲喂转基因乳酸菌组雏鸡 ,在攻击球虫后体重增重未受影响。这为球虫病的防治开辟了一条新的途径     

含野血牦犊牛,家牦犊牛增重效果观察

１９９４－１９９６年在海南州赛什牧场对采用野牦牛冻精人工授精和１／２野血公牛本交两种方法配家牦母牛产生的１／２野血牦犊牛３５头和１／４野血牦犊牛４８头，跟踪定量观测。结果：１／２野血牦犊牛和１／４野血牦犊牛的平均初生重分别比家牦犊提高了７．６５％，８．８６％，平均１８月龄重分别比家牦犊牛提高４７．１６％，１７．２２％。     

艾维茵肉鸡生产性能,屠宰指标及组织器官重量的测定

对３０只４９日龄艾维茵肉鸡的生产性能、屠宰指标、组织器官的重量及其与活体重、胴体重的关系进行了系统的研究。结果表明,４９日龄艾维茵肉鸡活体重为２２８４．７±７６．６ｇ;屠体重为２０５８．３±６６．３ｇ,屠宰率为９０．１０％;半净膛重为１９１５．１±６８．７ｇ,半净膛率为８３．８２％;全净膛重为１４５０．１±４９．２ｇ,全净膛率为６３．４７％;胸肌重为３８０．２±１６．２ｇ,胸肌率为２６．２２％;腿肌重为３６６．６±１１．１,腿肌率为２５．２８％;脂肪重为１２５．３±１６．５ｇ,分别占活体重和全净膛重的５．４８％和８．６４％;皮肤重为１８５．８±１０．３ｇ,分别占活体重和全净膛重的８．１３％和１２．８１％;内脏器官总重为２０５．４±１７．１ｇ,分别占活体重和全净膛重的８．９９％和１４．１６％;骨胳总重为２４７．８±１４．４ｇ,分别占活体重和全净膛重的１０．８５％和１７．０９％;肌肉重为１０３４．３±４８．６ｇ,分别占活体重和全净膛重的４４．８３％和５６．５５％;骨肉比为１∶４．２。     

The impact of natural helminth infections and supplementary protein on growth performance of free-range chickens on smallholder farms in El Sauce, Nicaragua

Three on-farm studies were conducted in Nicaragua during three consecutive years (1999–2001) to assess the impact of natural helminth infections on growth performance of free-range chickens aged 3–4 months. On all participating farms, half of the chickens were treated regularly with anthelmintics (Trifén avícola – a combined formulation of piperazine, phenothiazine and dichlorophen – or albendazole) to express the growth potential of non-infected birds, whereas the other half served as non-treated controls. In 1999, treated chickens had a 39% higher weight gain compared to the control group 6 weeks after the first treatment on 15 farms. In 2000 and 2001, treated chickens had similar weight gain as the control group 10 weeks after the first treatment on 7 farms and 12 farms, respectively. The main reason for the very-different weight gain figures seems to be the weather conditions. In 1999, the study site experienced a rainy season with precipitation far above average, whereas in 2000 and 2001 the rainy seasons had precipitations far below average. Based on these findings, routine use of anthelmintics in the study area would only be recommended in wet years when production losses due to helminth infections seem to be pronounced.

In 2001, the study set-up included an assessment of the effect of protein supplementation (soybean) on growth on six farms. Supplemented chickens (treated and non-treated with anthelmintics) had 17% higher weight gain than non-supplemented. Protein supplementation affected neither worm burdens nor faecal egg counts for any of the studied helminths.

The post-mortem examinations showed that Trifén reduced burdens of Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, and cestodes (efficacies of 100, 100 and 67%, respectively). Albendazole reduced burdens of H. gallinarum (efficacy of 100%). Efficacies against other helminths were difficult to assess due to low worm burdens. Chickens treated with albendazole had lower Ascaridia and Heterakis faecal egg counts than non-treated chickens.     

高效液相色谱法测定通便和减肥类保健食品中橙黄决明素的含量

[目的]建立高效液相色谱法测定通便和减肥类保健食品中主要功效成分决明子中橙黄决明素的含量。[方法]色谱条件:采用C18柱,柱温30℃,检测波长284 nm,流速为1 m L/min,乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液(40∶60)为流动相。[结果]橙黄决明素在0.040 2~0.321 6μg(r=0.999 9)范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均加样回收率为99.87%,RSD为1.32%。[结论]该试验所建立的方法准确、重现性好,可用于通便和减肥类保健食品的质量控制。     

几种生产因素对秦美猕猴桃单果重及品质的影响

采用正交试验研究了施肥,生长调节剂及土壤管理对猕猴桃单果重和品质的影响。结果表明:①提高施肥量是提高猕猴桃食用品质和贮藏品质的主要因素,施肥量增加,猕猴桃平均单果重、可溶性固形物含量、vC含量显著提高,软化率和可滴定酸含量显著降低。②低浓度(10 mg/kg)的调节剂对猕猴桃的单果重提高显著,而对可溶性固形物含量、vC含量,软化率和可滴定酸含量影响不明显。③从施肥、调节剂和土壤管理3个生产因素看,施肥是提高产量和质量的主要生产因素,调节剂和土壤管理为辅助因素。因此,建议在高肥力的情况下,使用合适浓度(10 mg/kg)的调节剂,以提高猕猴桃的产量和质量。     

Models for Predicting Dry Matter Content of Norway spruce

Models were developed for predicting the dry matter content of single Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] stems from non-destructive field measurement data such as tree height, diameter and age. The material under study comprised 1612 stem discs originating from 235 trees grown at nine locations in Denmark and southern Sweden. In total, 153 trees (1054 discs) originating from a thinning experiment in southern Denmark were used for establishing the models, which were later validated on independent material. Results of the validation were that the 95% confidence interval for single stem density was ±9 to ±16% when based on average ring width at breast height, but within ±7% when based on wood samples taken at breast height. The density models were combined with standard volume models in order to predict dry matter content. Validation on independent material showed that in general the dry matter content of single stems can be estimated with less than 10% error (RMSE).     

巨大口蘑出菇期耗水量与产量的关系

研究了巨大口蘑不同出菇时间培养料的失重和含水量变化，及其不同补水量对产量的影响。结果表明，出菇20d时，菌袋失重最大；随着出菇时间的增加，培养料的水分含量逐渐减少；出菇过程中不断补水有利于子实体生长，补水量40g·袋-1-45g·袋-1时，总产量提高26．9％。     

猪屎豆生产性能测定及其饲喂家兔的效果研究

为探讨猪屎豆作为家兔饲料的可行性及其开发利用前景，对猪屎豆进行了栽培试验和家兔饲养试验，结果：当年栽培的猪屎豆刈割3次，一年鲜草总产量为50420kg／hm。；经测定，猪屎豆的干物质中含粗蛋白21．0％、粗脂肪2．30％、粗纤维20．70％、粗灰分7．00％、水分10．20％、钙1．36％、磷0．48％；试验组与对照组兔绝对增重分别为4300g与4160g，差异不显著（P〉0．05）；对照组与试验组的饲料利用率分别为38．62％和40．56％，猪屎豆的饲料利用率高于对照组。结果表明：添加30％猪屎豆可以代替苜蓿草粉喂兔。有较大的开发利用价值。     

秸秆在肉牛饲养中的利用及其纤维表观消化率

纤维素是世界上最丰富的可再生资源，将含纤维素丰富的秸秆处理作为饲料，对农业可持续发展和缓解秸秆焚烧压力有重要现实意义。本试验选择20头夏洛莱肉牛随机分成4组，测定肉牛对中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率及体重。试验结果表明，不同处理组肉牛的采食及排泄中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维均差异显著。微储鲜秸秆配合花生糠处理组中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率均最高，分别为63．13％和45．35％，且肉牛的累计体重增加最大，7个月增加的体重平均为228kg。