壳聚糖对Cd2+和Pb2+的吸附作用

为开发新型吸附剂,降低重金属对水体的污染,研究了壳聚糖对Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺的吸附条件,探讨了pH、温度、反应时间、壳聚糖添加量和金属离子初始浓度等因素对壳聚糖吸附性能的影响。结果表明,pH 7~8和pH 5~6条件下壳聚糖对Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺的吸附能力最强;低温有利于壳聚糖的吸附;在8 h时壳聚糖对Cd²⁺的吸附容量达到最大,而对Pb²⁺的吸附在实验时间内是随着吸附时间的延长而增大;随着壳聚糖添加量的增加,其对Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺的吸附能力也增强;初始金属离子浓度的变化对Cd²⁺的影响不大,而在高的金属浓度下对Pb²⁺的吸附率显著降低。壳聚糖对Cd²⁺、Pb²⁺的吸附动力学和热力学分别符合Lagergren方程二级吸附模型和Langmuir吸附方程。研究表明,壳聚糖对不同金属离子的吸附能力不同,在单一金属溶液中,壳聚糖对Cd²⁺的吸附能力要强于对Pb²⁺的吸附能力。系统地研究了壳聚糖对Cd²⁺和Pb²⁺的吸附条件及性能,为壳聚糖作为重金属吸附剂的应用提供理论依据。     

一条不对称合成S(+)-2-氨基-4-磷酸基丁酸的新路线

利用4-二乙氧基膦酰基-2-酮丁酸乙酯与 L-赤式-(+)-1,乙-二苯基-2-氨基乙醇的缩合,将产物还原、氢解及水解得光活性产物,ee 值67%。     

Soil nitrogen and denitrification potential as affected by land use and stand age following agricultural abandonment in a headwater catchment

Changes in vegetation and soil properties because of agricultural abandonment may affect soil nitrogen (N) and associated processes. We investigated soil N (total N: TN, inorganic N: NH₄–N and NO₃–N) and denitrification potential in cropland, pine plantations and abandoned agricultural land along a secondary succession sequence (grassland→shrubland→secondary forest) in a headwater catchment in the Qinling Mountains, northwest China. The results show that the soil denitrification potential differed significantly among the five land‐use types with the highest potential in the secondary forest, followed by grassland, shrubland, cropland and plantations. The denitrification potential of the 20‐ to 40‐cm layer was significantly lower compared with the topsoil (0–20 cm) across all land‐use types. TN, soil organic matter (SOM) and NH₄–N increased significantly with stand age, whereas there was an opposite trend in soil pH. However, the denitrification potential did not relate to stand age in a linear manner. We conclude that changes in soil TN, SOM and pH during vegetation succession following agricultural abandonment are critical controls on the denitrification potential.     

Where Is Agricultural Economics and AgriBusiness Research Information Published and Indexed? A Comparison of Coverage in Web of Knowledge,CAB Abstracts,EconLit, and Google Scholar

ABSTRACT

Identifying the best source of information to satisfy the needs of local clientele has always been the challenge facing collection development and instruction librarians. In order to provide users with the best possible access tool and source for comprehensive information, it is important that librarians be aware of the most productive sources of information in a field. This paper identifies where the bulk of agricultural economics research is published and indexed. It also ascertains whether Google Scholar is as productive in covering this information as CAB Abstracts and EconLit. The cited reference counts for the top 50 cited sources in Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar are also compared. The scatter of the journal literature in this field, based on the Library of Congress Subject Headings, is also provided. The study identified a broad range of article scattering in areas where agricultural economics and agribusiness materials are published. On the cited reference count, Google Scholar was as productive as the Web of Knowledge. Google Scholar is a free source of very useful information for cited references and other subject searches in the area of agricultural economics and could be used to complement traditional databases.     

人呼吸道合胞病毒的研究与防治进展

人呼吸道合胞病毒是全世界婴幼儿下呼吸道感染最常见的病原体,导致每年超过300万人住院和20万以上的人死亡,给全球带来了非常严重的经济和社会负担。目前,尚不存在防治RSV的疫苗,也没有特异性强、安全性高的抗RSV药物。对HRSV的结构、流行病学特征以及疾病模型构建方面的研究进展进行综述,并对已有的检测和治疗方法进行总结,旨在为今后开发抗HRSV的药物提供全面的参考信息。     

Nitrogen requirements associated with improved conservation tillage for corn production

Abstract

Excessive soil erosion and use of nitrogen fertilizer are costly to the Atlantic Coastal Plain corn (zea mays L., ’Funks G 4507') producer and both may serve to create environmental hazards. An in‐row chisel (36 cm deep) tillage method was compared with the standard 5 cm fluted coulter method for planting corn in premature wheat (Triticim aestivum L.) residues grown on an Orangeburg sandy loam (Typic Paleudult). Five orthogonal N levels ranging up to 440 kg of N/ha were used to determine an economic N optimum for each tillage method.

The in‐row chisel tillage method provides a possible yield advantage in the Atlantic Coastal Plain because of observed restricting soil layers within the normal corn rooting zone. The estimated profit‐maximizing quantities of N fertilizer were 262 and 295 kg of N/ha (234 and 263 1b of N/acre) for the fluted coulter and in‐row tillage procedures, respectively. Corn grain yields associated with these inputs were 9.6 × 10³ and 12.6 × 10³ kg/ha (153 and 200 bu/acre), respectively. The yield increase associated with in‐row chiseling through a 2.5 metric ton mulched surface is attributed to potentially improved rooting and more efficient water storage and use.     

基于开源J2EE框架的高校实验教学管理系统研究

依据高等院校实验教学管理的应用需求,在分析开源框架体系结构的基础上,通过整合Struts、Spring和Hibernate,利用分层解耦、框架管理层次的思想构建了一个基于开源J2EE的应用架构,并据此架构开发了高校实验教学管理系统。系统可靠性高,安全性好,可扩展性和可维护性强,能有效提高高校实验教学管理和服务效率。     

Web2.0在图书馆推荐书目中的应用探析

Web2.0环境下的推荐书目,有利于大学生阅读到精品,有利于调动大学生的阅读积极性,有利于培养大学生的参与意识,有利于扩大推荐书目的影响。图书馆要充分利用Web2.0技术来推荐书目,为大学生提供推荐书目服务,指导大学生阅读,满足大学生的阅读需求,提升大学生的阅读效果,为构建阅读型校园贡献自己的一份力量。