高速铁路桥梁桩基施工废弃泥浆对水作作物的影响

根据某在建高速铁路桥梁桩基施工废弃泥浆水质分析结果,探讨了废弃泥浆对水作作物和土壤的影响。在桩基施工中采用环保泥浆,开发更环保的废弃泥浆处置方法,是降低废弃泥浆环境污染程度的主要途径。     

龙眼加工废弃物的综合利用探讨

龙眼加工过程中产生大量的龙眼壳、核等加工废弃物,造成资源浪费、环境污染。文章主要基于龙眼核、壳等丰富的营养、活性成分,对龙眼深加工废弃物的研究开发情况进行了探讨,并对龙眼深加工中的废弃物及其活性物质的利用前景进行了展望。     

Residents’ perceptions and attitudes toward waste treatment facility sites and their possible conversion: A literature review

The siting a landfill or waste treatment facility and the redevelopment of a brownfield or former landfill site are generally treated as independent issues in the research literature. Nonetheless, the two are important elements of community development and urban revitalization efforts. The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrated review of the current literature on attitudes toward waste treatment sites and their potential conversion for recreation use. We begin by examining research on residents’ perceptions of and attitudes toward proposed and existing waste treatment facility sites, including the perceived impacts and determinants of attitudes toward these sites. Next we summarize work that has explored the subsequent conversion of former landfills or brownfield sites, with a particular emphasis on repurposing these sites for green space and recreation use. We conclude by summarizing key issues and implications for future research and policy development.     

Study on the Prepressing of Flakeboard Containing Waste Paper

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the strength properties of a composite board containing waste paper as a core material, could be improved by the prior prepressing of the core material before pressing the product to final thickness. Results indicated that intermediate cold prepressing of the core layer had no effect on the bending strength and MOE and can thus be eliminated. Flakeboard containing Kraft waste paper appears to be superior to commercial particle boards, with regard to thickness swelling in water. Results so far obtained indicate that waste paper can be utilized for flakeboard manufacture.     

银耳废料综合利用及其应用前景

综述了银耳废料的产生及利用现状、综合利用途径等,并详细阐述了银耳废料中的生物活性物质,以期为银耳废料的合理应用提供科学依据.     

提高再生刨花板性能的若干途径探讨

对提高再生刨花板物理力学性能的若干途径进行的研究结果表明：提高再生刨花板密度有助于其物理力学性能的改善;增加施胶量对再生刨花按常规工艺所制刨花板的静曲强度和内结合强度均有改善,但静曲强度仍未达到国标要求;如果将超过５０％的原生刨花加入到再生刨花中去,所制刨花板可以达到国标ＧＢ／Ｔ４８９７－９２一级品的要求。     

都市农业及其环境保护

阐述了都市农业的概念与范畴,北京市都市农业发展特点及其发展过程中废弃物类型、主要环境问题、废弃物处理与资源化的途径以及发展资源综合利用型都市农业的重要性,并提出了都市农业发展方向与对策和北京市都市农业的分区发展规划。     

N2O emissions from different cropping systems and from aerated,nitrifying and denitrifying tanks of a municipal waste water treatment plant

Nitrous oxide emissions, nitrate, water-soluble carbon and biological O₂ demand (BOD₅) were quantified in different cropping systems fertilized with varying amounts of nitrogen (clayey loam, October 1991 to May 1992), in an aerated tank (March 1993 to March 1994), and in the nitrification-denitrification unit (March to July 1994) of a municipal waste water treatment plant. In addition, the N₂O present in the soil body at different depths was determined (February to July 1994). N₂O was emitted by all cropping systems (mean releases 0.13–0.35 mg N₂O m^-2 h^-1), and all the units of the domestic waste water treatment plant (aerated tank 0–6.2 mg N₂O m^-2 h^-1, nitrification tank 0–204,3 mg N₂O m^-2, h^-1, denitrifying unit 0–2.2 mg N₂O m^-2 h^-1). During the N₂O-sampling periods estimated amounts of 0.9, 1.5, 2.4 and 1.4 kg N₂O–N ha^-1, respectively, were released by the cropping systems. The aerated, nitrifying and denitrifying tanks of the municipal waste water treatment plant released mean amounts of 9.1, 71.6 and 1.8 g N₂O–N m^-2, respectively, during the sampling periods.The N₂O emission were significantly positively correlated with nitrate concentrations in the field plots which received no N fertilizer and with the nitrogen content of the aerated sludge tank that received almost exclusively N in the form of NH ₄ ⁺ . Available carbon, in contrast, was significantly negatively correlated with the N₂O emitted in the soil fertilized with 80 kg N ha^-1 year. The significant negative correlation between the emitted N₂O and the carbon to nitrate ratio indicates that the lower the carbon to nitrate ratio the higher the amount of N₂O released. Increasing N₂O emissions seem to occur at electron donorto-acceptor ratios (C_H2_O or BOD₅-to-nitrate ratios) below 50 in the cropping systems and below 1200–1400 in the waste water treatment plant. The trapped N₂O in the soil body down to a depth of 90 cm demonstrates that agricultural production systems seem to contain a considerable pool of N₂O which may be reduced to N₂ on its way to the atmosphere, which may be transported to other environments or which may be released at sometime in the future.Dedicated to Professor J.C.G. Ottow on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

抚顺西排土场矸石山阴坡物种多样性变化特征

抚顺西排土场矸石山阴坡随着排矸年限的增加,物种多样性发生变化,物种数由初期的4科5种增至后期14科29种。植被由最初的鹅绒藤＋豚草＋刺蒺藜群落,逐步演变到榆树群落。在阴坡,不同排矸年限的样地,植物群落多样性指数随着排矸时间的延长而增加;物种综合多样性指数、丰富度指数与排矸年限呈显著正相关关系。     

潲水油制备生物柴油工艺的研究

[目的]研究潲水油制备生物柴油的工艺。[方法]以潲水油为原料,研究在NaOH催化作用下与甲醇进行酯换反应制备生物柴油的工艺。[结果]该反应的最佳工艺条件为：醇油摩尔比为7∶1,催化剂用量为原料油质量的1.0%,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为90min;在此条件下原料转化率为86.9%。该生物柴油的主要成分含量高达95.71%。[结论]以潲水油为原料,经预处理后可以制备出性能良好的生物柴油产品。