Construction of Genetic Linkage Map of Bread Wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） Using an Intervarietal Cross and QTL Map for Spike Related Traits

Most often a genetic linkage map is prepared using populations obtained from two highly diverse genotypes. However, the markers from such a map may not be useful in a breeding program as these markers may not be polymorphic among the varieties used in breeding. For the past nine years, intraspecific maps have been gaining importance and such maps based on Swiss （PaiUard et al., 2003）, Japanese （Suenaga et al., 2005）, Australian （Chaimcrs et al., 2001） wheat varieties arc available. A map based on Indian wheat varieties however has not been reported. We constructed a genetic linkage map based on a cross between two Indian bread wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） varieties, Sonalika and Kalyansona. One hundred and fifty F2 individuals were analyzed for arbitrarilyprimed polymerase Chain reaction （AP-PCR）, random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD）, inter simple sequence repeats （ISSR）, Sequence Tagged Microsatelhte Sites （STMS）, Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism （AFLP） markers, seed storage proteins and known genes. A linkage map was constructed consisting of 236 markers and spanning a distance of 3 639 cM with 1 211.2 cM for A genome, 1 669.2 cM for B genome, 192.4 cM for D genome and 566.2 cM for unassigned groups,     

高压静电技术在食品保鲜与加工中的研究进展

介绍了高压静电场技术对食品的作用机理。阐述了静电场技术在食品保鲜、干燥、杀菌和解冻等方面的研究现状。     

香烟中铜和锌含量的分析研究

用原子吸收光谱法测定多种香烟中的锌、铜含量,结果表明,不同种类香烟中所含的金属元素有一定的差异。低档香烟中的金属元素含量比高档、中档香烟的含量高;烤烟型香烟中的金属元素含量比外香型香烟低。该结果为烟草栽培、烟草加工、香烟配方、生产工艺,以及探讨香烟中金属元素对人体的危害提供了可靠的依据。     

自制保鲜剂对灵武长枣低温贮藏保鲜效果的研究

以可溶性固形物含量24.3%的灵武长枣为试材,研究了冷藏过程中果实品质变化及贮藏保鲜效果。结果表明,保鲜剂浸果极显著降低了霉烂果率,显著减缓了贮藏中后期果肉硬度下降和维生素C氧化分解,明显抑制了果肉蔗糖水解,显著提高了贮藏中后期脆好果率。但保鲜剂浸果对可溶性固形物、还原糖、总糖和果胶含量没有明显影响。脆好果率与果肉硬度、抗坏血酸含量和蔗糖含量均呈极显著正相关性,拟合曲线为二次多项式,相关系数分别为0.9266、0.9937和0.9971。果肉抗坏血酸含量和果肉硬度均与蔗糖含量呈极显著正相关性,相关系数分别为0.9894和0.9343。     

3个杏品种果实香气顶空固相微萃取气质联用分析

对三个杏品种“金太阳”、“鲁杏1号”、“鲁杏2号”成熟期果实顶空微萃取果肉中的挥发性物质进行气相色谱—质谱分析鉴定。金太阳杏检测出33种香气成分,占总峰面积的82.37%,主要香气物质为乙酸己酯、乙酸－4－己烯－1－酯、二羟乙酸、6－甲基－5－烯基－2－庚酮;“鲁杏1号”检测出10种香气成分,占总峰面积的51.18%,主要香气物质为二羟乙酸、苯乙醇、二乙基邻苯二甲酸酯、2-苯并噻吩;“鲁杏2号”检出10种香气成分,占总峰面积的48.06%。主要香气物质为乙醇、乙酸己酯、顺-3-己烯基-乙酸酯。三个品种间香气成分和含量均存在差异,杏香气成分是杏选育评价标准的重要指标之一。     

20%哒虱威乳油等15种农药防治柑桔木虱田间药效试验

控制柑桔木虱是柑桔黄龙病综合防治最重要的技术措施。柑桔木虱成虫的高效传病性、近距离扩散性、终生带毒性和快速传病性,决定了用来防治柑桔木虱成虫的农药要求速效性好、防效高（药后24h的防效＞95%）。由于受到试验地虫源和试验条件的限制,柑桔木虱的有效防治药剂筛选严重滞后。2006—2007年我们做了15种农药的田间药效试验,结果表明：哒虱威EC 200mg(a.i)/L、丁硫克百威EC 400mg(a.i)/L对柑桔木虱成虫药后24h的防效＞95％;防效在94.9%~90％的有异丙威200mg(a.i)/L、133mg(a.i)/L、丁硫克百威EC 250mg(a.i)/L;噻嗪酮250mg(a.i)/L的防效只有30.8%;防效低于30％的药剂有灭多威200mg(a.i)/L、鱼藤酮150mg(a.i)/L、机油乳剂9500mg(a.i)/L、阿维菌素20mg(a.i)/L和石硫合剂1波美度。机油乳剂与哒虱威混用无增效作用。     

Effect of Environmental Stress and Ethylene on the Expression of LeACO1 Gene

The specific ACC oxidase 1 gene fragment of tomato was cloned and prepared for a probe which was used to hybridize with total RNAs that were extracted from the materials treated with ethylene and different environmental stresses, such as drought, water recovery, flood, wound and temperature, respectively. Northern blot analysis indicated that the expression of LeACO1 was restrained by drought, while strongly induced by water recovery and exogenous ethylene. After treated by flood stress, the expression level of I_eACO1 in leaves had no distinctively changes, while its expression level in stems was rapidly increased. Moreover, the expression of LeACO1 in tomato stems could be induced at the temperature of 37 degree. In addition, wounding had no influence on the expression of LeACO1.     

大穗型小麦品种强、弱势籽粒淀粉积累和相关酶活性的比较

在大田条件下, 以两个大穗型小麦品种山农12和PH01-35为材料, 对籽粒发育过程中强、弱势籽粒淀粉积累及其相关酶活性变化进行了比较研究。结果表明, 两品种强势粒直链淀粉积累量和支链淀粉积累量均高于弱势粒。Logistic方程模拟淀粉积累过程, 强势粒淀粉积累起始势(C₀)高, 活跃持续期长, 平均积累速率(R_mean)高, 最终淀粉积累量高。 籽粒蔗糖合酶(SS)、ADPG焦磷酸化酶(AGPase)、UDPG焦磷酸化酶(UGPase)、可溶性淀粉合酶(SSS)和束缚态淀粉合酶(GBSS)活性均呈单峰曲线变化, 强势粒上述酶活性均高于弱势粒。花后7~21 d, 弱势粒蔗糖含量明显高于强势粒, 表明弱势粒淀粉积累量低, 并不以其淀粉合成底物的供给为限制因子, 而主要与淀粉合成能力低有关, 同时与籽粒灌浆前期胚乳细胞的数量关系密切。     

新疆滴灌棉花花铃期干旱复水对叶片光合特性及产量的影响

在新疆气候生态条件下, 采用膜下滴灌植棉技术, 控制花铃期0~60 cm土壤滴水下限分别为田间持水量的45%(中度干旱)、60%(轻度干旱)和75%(正常供水, 对照), 滴水上限均为田间持水量, 研究不同程度干旱复水对棉花叶片光合特性及产量形成的影响。结果表明, 干旱降低了叶片净光合速率(P_n)和气孔导度(G_s), 中度干旱下叶片光化学猝灭系数(qP)、PSⅡ电子传递量子产量(Ф_PSⅡ)降低, 非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)升高。复水后3 d内P_n和G_s恢复, 以轻度干旱恢复最快; Ф_PSⅡ和qP与Pn的变化相似; NPQ复水后1~2 d显著降低。从初花期至盛铃前期, 轻度干旱复水后光合物质累积量与对照无明显差异, 盛铃后期至吐絮期低于对照, 籽棉产量较低; 中度干旱复水后光合物质累积量及籽棉产量均最低。     

木耳内酯豆腐的工艺研究

以大豆、木耳为原料,以葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯(GDL)为凝固剂,研究了木耳内酯豆腐的加工工艺,并以产品的凝固状态、弹性、质地、风味、口感等感官特性为产品品质评价指标。通过正交试验研究了豆浆浓度、木耳添加量、葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯添加量对木耳内酯豆腐质量的影响。结果表明,大豆和水的质量比为1∶5,木耳质量分数为5%,葡萄糖酸-δ-内酯质量分数为0.3%时,木耳内酯豆腐具有良好的凝固效果,且口感细腻、弹性强。