西南桤木木塑复合材料的研究

采用乙烯基类系列单体——丙烯腈(AN)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、丙烯酸(AA)三元共聚单体注入西南桤木木材中，制成新型的高分子复合材料(AMA—WPC)。单体的注入用满细胞法，聚合用热引发法，并采用添加氯化锌对木材细胞壁进行活化等工艺对木塑复合材进行了研究和分析。实验样品按照国标GBl927—1943有关规定进行测试，并结合傅立叶红外光谱和扫描电镜探讨了各因素对AMA—WPC材料接枝率及性能的影响。结果表明：改性后西南桤木木塑复合材料具有优异的物理、力学性能。与素材相比较，AMA—WPC的密度提高了59．8％，顺纹抗压强度提高了76．7％，抗弯强度提高了90．4％，抗弯弹性模量提高22．2％，端面硬度提高102．3％，径面硬度提高153．6％，弦面硬度提高152．2％，吸水率降低56．7％，湿膨胀率降低19．0％。     

Characterization of wood-based multi-material systems under dynamic impact stress

ABSTRACT

Due to its naturally grown properties, wood has played a rather subordinate role as a material for technical applications up to now. In this paper, multi-material systems based on veneers of beech (Fagus sylvatica) with different reinforcing variants were investigated. In addition to the influence of different adhesive systems (urea formaldehyde and polyurethane), the effect of reinforcing by aramid fiber fabric and stainless steel foil in different climates was examined. At the center of the investigations were dynamically sudden loads, in the form of impact bending and dart drop tests (penetration and impact mode). It has been shown that the use of the reinforcing materials leads to a significant improvement in material properties. The penetration energy of the composites reinforced with the aramid fiber fabric could be increased by 43%. The maximum force in the dart drop test (impact mode) could be increased by 29% with the stainless steel foil, the damping decreased by 48%. The aramid fiber reinforcement achieved an increase in impact resistance by 27% in impact bending test, the steel reinforced achieved an increase of 39%. A clear dependency on both, the climate and the adhesive within the composite, could be demonstrated.     

Rapid production of high-strength cement-bonded particleboard using gaseous or supercritical carbon dioxide

This study deals with the effects of curing treatment with gaseous and supercritical carbon dioxide on the properties of cement-bonded particleboard (CBP) manufactured by the conventional cold-pressing method. The hydration of cement and the mechanism of improvement were examined using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermal gravimetry (TG-DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. The results are as follows: (1) The curing of cement was accelerated concomitantly with the improvement in mechanical and dimensional properties of CBP significantly by curing with gaseous or supercritical carbon dioxide. (2) Supercritical carbon dioxide curing imparted boards optimal properties at a faster rate than did gaseous curing. (3) Accelerated formation of calcium silicate hydrate and calcium carbonate and the interlocking of those hydration products on the wood surface are potentially the main reasons for the superior strength of carbon dioxide-cured boards.     

Effect of maleic anhydride grafted styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene （MA-SEBS） on impact fracture behavior of polypropylene / wood fiber composites

MA-SEBS as compatibilizer and impact modifier was incorporated into Polypropylene/Wood Fiber （PP/WF） to enhance interface adhesion and impact strength of the composite. The effect of MA-SEBS content on the impact fracture behavior of PP/WF composites was studied. The impact properties of composites with 8% MA-SEBS reached the maximum value. And further increasing of MA-SEBS content to 10% did not improve the fracture toughness, but improved the stiffness of composites by DMA analysis. This was attributed to the improved PP/WF adhesion. As the MA-SEBS content is more than 8%, the molecule interaction of PP and WF was expected to much stronger than lower MA-SEBS. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） was performed to analyze the impact fracture surface and showed a stronger affinity for the wood surfaces.     

杨木／无机硅化物复合材处理工艺初探

用硅酸单体溶液（SAMS）处理及用硅酸钠-三氧化二硼-乙酸复合处理改性文县杨（Populus wenxianesis)，制备杨木/无机硅化物复合材（WIC）。结果表明，在所选择的工艺条件下，SAMS处理的杨木WIC具有很好的尺寸稳定性和抗流失性，复合处理的杨木WIC的阻燃性能和防腐性能有了明显提高。     

红外光谱结合多元线性回归法快速测定木塑复合材料中木粉含量

采用KBr压片法对杉木/聚丙烯(PP)复合材料样品进行了红外光谱分析,确定杉木特征吸收谱带为1740~1730、1610~1590、1270~1260、1060~1050以及1040~1030 cm-1,以PP在1377 cm-1处吸收强度(I)为内标,对木塑复合材料(WPC)中木粉含量和杉木特征峰相对吸收强度进行相关性分析,并采用逐步多元线性回归法建立木粉含量与相对峰强间的多元线性回归方程。结果表明,选取I(1060-1050)/I1377、I(1270-1260)/I1377为回归变量建立的二元线性回归方程和以I(1060-1050)/I1377、I(1040-1030)/I1377及I(1270-1260)/I1377为回归变量建立的三元线性回归方程,具有较高的预测精度。木粉含量的预测值和参照值之间具有强烈的相关性,校正决定系数(R2c)超过0.98,验证决定系数(R2p)超过0.96。外部验证结果表明,线性回归方程预测准确性较高,预测相对偏差范围为0.9%至7.4%,其中三元线性回归方程预测准确性稍好于二元线性回归方程。     

基于C语言的结构用集成材木梁抗弯刚度模型研究

基于平行轴定理,采用变换截面法建立结构用集成材木梁的抗弯刚度C语言可执行程序模型,并通过足尺木梁的抗弯力学性能试验验证模型的有效性。本试验根据木材抗弯弹性模量测定方法国家标准（GB/T 1936.2—2009）中的相关要求,测定层板木材的抗弯弹性模量并将其导入C语言程序模型,得到梁体抗弯刚度的模型理论值。依据结构用集成材国家标准（GB/T 26899—2011）对木梁进行四点抗弯测试并实时采集梁体跨中挠度、荷载数据,得到梁体抗弯刚度的实测值。对比梁体抗弯刚度的模型理论值与实测值,得出其平均相对误差率为3.89%。结构用集成材木梁抗弯刚度模型的建立应充分考虑梁体自身的构造缺陷,以综合层板的力学性能变异性及尺寸效应等影响因素,合理引入修正系数,提高模型的准确度与适用性。     

桉木单板层积材家具角部“L型构件”接合强度研究

以速生桉木单板层积材为基材,榫接合连接、螺钉连接的L型构件为研究对象,通过对桉木层积材家具接合构件进行抗拉和抗弯力学性能试验,观察、分析8种不同榫接合方式对"L型构件"接合强度的影响。研究结果表明,榫接合强度与接合面积有关,接合面积大则接合强度高;桉木单板层积材本身强度对榫接合无影响;采用偏心连接件、倒刺螺母螺杆连接件的接合强度较低,接合部位不够牢固,在家具的使用过程中容易产生松动。     

落叶松层板分级质量评价

对落叶松胶合木用层板进行目测分级并测定其弹性模量和静曲强度,研究各等级层板的弹性模量和静曲强度及其相互之间的关系,探讨层板目测分级和机械弹性模量分级的科学性、合理性。结果表明:根据层板缺陷进行目测分级,等级高的层板其弹性模量和静曲强度的平均值和5%分位值高,目测分级能够基本反映其材质性能,具有一定的科学性与合理性;但目测分级层板弹性模量和静曲强度值的离散度很大,目测分级所能达到的准确与可靠程度决定其不能替代机械弹性模量分级。机械弹性模量分级层板的静曲强度与弹性模量呈正相关性,但各等级层板的静曲强度与弹性模量的相关系数大不相同,其静曲强度值的离散度也比较大,说明该分级方法还有改善的余地。更加科学、可靠的胶合木层板分级方法还有待进一步的探索研究。     

Combination of serum phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit and hyperintensity of intramedullary T2W on magnetic resonance imaging provides better prognostic value of canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of concurrent measurement of serum phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit (pNF-H) concentration and intramedullary T2W hyperintensity in paraplegic to paraplegic dogs. Our hypothesis was that concurrent measurement of these would provide a more accurate prediction of functional outcome in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH). A prospective case-control clinical study was designed using 94 dogs with acute onset of thoracolumbar IVDH. The association of serum pNF-H concentration, T2W hyperintensity on sagittal MRI (T2H/L2), deep pain perception and surgical outcome were evaluated with logistic regression analysis after three months for all 94 surgically treated dogs. Sensitivity to predict non-ambulatory outcome was compared among pNF-H and T2H/L2 and combination of both. Logistic regression analysis indicated that serum pNF-H concentration and T2H/L2 were significantly correlated with surgical outcome (P<0.05); however, deep pain perception was not (P=0.41). The results of logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds ratios of unsuccessful long-term outcome were 2.6 for serum pNF-H concentration, 1.9 for T2H/L2 and 2.3 for deep pain sensation. The sensitivity and specificity to predict non-ambulatory outcome for using serum parameter pNF-H>2.6 ng/ml, using T2H/L2 value of>0.84 and using both serum pNF-H and T2H/L2, were 95% and 75.7%, 65% and 86.5%, and 90.0% and 97.5%, respectively. Therefore, combined measurements of serum pNF-H and T2H/L2 might be useful for predicting long-term outcome in dogs with thoracolumbar IVDH.