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71.
中华鲟是处在硬骨鱼类与软骨鱼类之间的中国古老的珍稀鱼类之一,但在人工繁殖和养殖过程中,容易受到不同疾病的危害,因此,需要深入研究其免疫调控,为其疾病预防提供理论依据。单个免疫球蛋白白细胞介素-1受体相关分子(SIGIRR)和肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6(TRAF6)是toll样受体(TLR)信号通路的2个重要的信号转导元件。本研究鉴定了中华鲟的SIGIRR和TRAF6的同源物,分别命名为ASDIGIRR (Acipenser sinensis DIGIRR)和ASTRAF6 (A. sinensis TRAF6),并研究它们在正常组织中的表达和Poly(I:C)诱导后的表达模式。结果显示,ASDIGIRR和ASTRAF6在健康鲟的10个组织中均有表达,且分别在肠道和头肾组织中表达量最高;用Poly (I:C)孵育中华鲟脾脏细胞后,ASDIGIRR在3 h时的表达量显著下调,在6 h时恢复至正常水平,后在24 h显著上调达到最高值,随后开始下调,至48 h时仍显著高于对照组,而ASTRAF6在6 h达到最高表达量,维持到24 h后再下调,48 h时下降至最低水平。研究表明,ASDIGIRR和ASTRAF6在中华鲟抵御病原入侵的免疫防御过程中起着重要作用。 相似文献
72.
Giovanni M Turchini Rasanthi M Gunasekera & Sena S De Silva 《Aquaculture Research》2003,34(9):697-708
The efficacy of trout oil (TO), extracted from trout offal from the aquaculture industry, was evaluated in juvenile Murray cod Maccullochella peelii peelii (25.4±0.81 g) diets in an experiment conducted over 60 days at 23.7±0.8 °C. Five isonitrogenous (48% protein), isolipidic (16%) and isoenergetic (21.8 kJ g?1) diets, in which the fish oil fraction was replaced in increments of 25% (0–100%), were used. The best growth and feed efficiency was observed in fish fed diets containing 50–75% TO. The relationship of specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) to the amount of TO in the diets was described in each case by second‐order polynomial equations (P<0.05), which were: SGR=–0.44TO2+0.52TO+1.23 (r2=0.90, P<0.05); FCR=0.53TO2–0.64TO+1.21 (r2=0.95, P<0.05); and PER=–0.73TO2+0.90TO+1.54 (r2=0.90, P<0.05). Significant differences in carcass and muscle proximate compositions were noted among the different dietary treatments. Less lipid was found in muscle than in carcass. The fatty acids found in highest amounts in Murray cod, irrespective of the dietary treatment, were palmitic acid (16:0), oleic acid (18:1n‐9), linoleic acid (18:2n‐6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n‐3). The fatty acid composition of the muscle reflected that of the diets. Both the n‐6 fatty acid content and the n‐3 to n‐6 ratio were significantly (P<0.05) related to growth parameters, the relationships being as follows. Percentage of n‐6 in diet (X) to SGR and FCR: SGR=–0.12X2+3.96X–32.51 (r2=0.96) and FCR=0.13X2–4.47X+39.39 (r2=0.98); and n‐3:n‐6 ratio (Z) to SGR, FCR, PER: SGR=–2.02Z2+5.01Z–1.74 (r2=0.88), FCR=2.31Z2–5.70Z+4.54 (r2=0.93) and PER=–3.12Z2–7.56Z+2.80 (r2=0.88) respectively. It is evident from this study that TO could be used effectively in Murray cod diets, and that an n‐3:n‐6 ratio of 1.2 results in the best growth performance in Murray cod. 相似文献
73.
海洋贝类提取物对血管平滑肌细胞增殖的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用20%胎牛血清(FBS),碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)所诱导的大鼠VSMCs增殖模型,观察了海洋贝类提取物(ESs)对血管平滑肌细胞(VSMCs)增殖的影响。将培养的5-8代细胞接种于96孔板,除正常组加入含0.4%FBS的M199培养液外,其他组均加入含20%FBS培养液(或含50ng/ml bFGF的0.4%FBS培养液),同时给药组分别加入含有25,50,100μl/ml浓度的ESs,孵育48h后,以细胞计数,结晶紫染色及MTT比色法VSMCc生长情况。结果表明,与模型组比较,ESs各剂量组VSMCs的增殖受到明显抑制(P<0.05,P<0.01)。ESs对20%FBS和bFGF所致的VSMCs增殖具有明显抑制作用,并存在剂量依赖关系。 相似文献
74.
Adventitious shoot regeneration from mature stored cotyledons of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina Lind1) was achieved in vitro. The influences of the presence and absence of the light, different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and benzyladenine (BA) in the culture media, TDZ pretreatments and different basal salts on shoot regeneration were evaluated. TDZ was more effective in inducing shoot regeneration from mature stored cotyledons than BA. Dark incubation significantly increased the regeneration frequencies. Quoirin/Lepoivre (QL) basal salts stimulated shoot regeneration more than woody plant (WPM) or B5 salts did. The frequency of adventitious shoot formation varied among the varieties and the regeneration ability appeared to be genotype depended. The frequency of regeneration under the optimum tested conditions for ‘Bruce’, ‘Shiro’, ‘Redheart’, ‘Gladstone’ and ‘Early Golden’ cotyledons were 66.7%, 46.7%, 43.3%, 26.7% and 6.7%, respectively. 相似文献
75.
High frequency and direct (without callus) plant regeneration was achieved from whole leaf explants of thornless blackberry (Rubus hybrid) cv. Black Satin (EC No. 381258; PI No. 553272) in vitro. Leaf blade explants from 1-, 3- and 5-month-old mother cultures were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with thidiazuron (TDZ), N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), indol-3-butyric acid (IBA) and α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), alone or in combination. Three-month explants cultured on 0.02 mg l−1 TDZ produced a high regeneration frequency (91.7%) and the most shoots/leaf explant (17.3). The shoot primordia developed within 3 weeks from the point of detachment of the petiole from the leaf blade. The age of the explant source significantly affected the shoot regeneration potential of the leaf explants. Leaves excised from 3-month-old in vitro-cultured shoots performed better than those from 1- and 5-month-old shoots. Shoots rooted best on half-strength MS basal medium with 0.5 mg l−1 IBA and 90% of the plantlets survived acclimatization. The regenerated plantlets were morphologically similar to the mother plants. 相似文献
76.
Previous experiments demonstrated that treatment of longan trees with potassium chlorate (KClO3) induces “off season floral induction” (FI) even in the absence of the naturally required cool temperature [Manochai, P., Sruamsiri, P., Wiriya-alongkorn, W., Naphrom, D., Hegele, M., Bangerth, F., 2005. Year around off season flower induction in longan (Dimocarpus longan, Lour.) trees by KClO3 applications: potentials and problems. Sci. Hortic. 104, 379–390]. Potassium chlorate, however, cannot replace the presence of functional mature leaves and sufficient light intensity. Here we examined in more detail the effect of shade (about 10% of natural sunlight) on KClO3 affected hormone concentrations/transport of leaves and shoot apical buds (SAB) and their interactions with FI. 相似文献
77.
78.
A.S. GARCIA C.C. PARRISH J.A. BROWN S.C. JOHNSON S. LEADBEATER 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2008,14(5):431-444
We evaluated the effects of enriched rotifers on growth, survival and on the lipid composition of haddock larvae. The treatments tested were (1) AlgaMac 2000®, (2) AquaGrow® Advantage and (3) Pavlova sp. paste and AlgaMac 2000®. The treatments did not influence larval growth rate throughout the experimental period (P = 0.70). Larvae from all treatments grew approximately 8% of their dry weight per day between 1 and 29 days post hatch (dph). Treatment 3 resulted in the best survival, estimated to be 3 on a scale from 0 to 5, whereas for the two other groups the survival estimates were 0 and 2. Rotifers from treatment 1 had low sterol concentrations, high eicosapentaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio and their feeding resulted in high larval mortality. Rotifers enriched with Pavlova sp. had the lowest proportions of the sum of saturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid and sum of ω3 and the highest proportions of the sum of monounsaturated fatty acids (ΣMUFA). This was partially reflected in larvae from treatment 3 in that they had the highest proportions of ΣMUFA and the lowest proportions of Σω3 (P < 0.0001 for both analyses). In addition, these larvae had the highest and lowest ΣC20 and ΣC22 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) respectively (P < 0.0001 for both analyses). We suggest that more research with ω3 and ω6 PUFA can lead to improvements in the rearing of haddock larvae produced in hatcheries. 相似文献
79.
We evaluated the effect of differently enriched rotifers on the early growth, survival and lipid composition of Atlantic cod larvae (Gadus morhua). The enrichments tested were: (i) AlgaMac 2000®; (ii) AquaGrow® Advantage; and (iii) a combination of Pavlova sp. paste and AlgaMac 2000®. Larvae from treatment 3 [1.50 ± 0.11 mg dry weight (dw) and 7.10 ± 0.14 dw specific growth rate (SGR)] were heavier (P = 0.006) and grew faster (P = 0.004) than larvae from treatment 2 (1.03 ± 0.04 mg dw and 6.29 ± 0.04 dw SGR). No significant differences were found in the final weight and SGR among larvae from treatment 1 (1.21 ± 0.07 mg dw and 6.58 ± 0.20 dw SGR) and larvae from treatments 2 and 3. The treatment 3 also resulted in the best survival at the end of the experimental period, estimated to be 3 on a scale from 1 to 5, whereas the survival estimates for the two other groups were 1–2. Larvae from the treatment 3 reached 37 days posthatch with levels of ω6DPA 32‐fold higher than newly hatched larvae. Differences in the larval enrichment of ω6DPA may explain the differences in growth and survival of the Atlantic cod larvae. 相似文献
80.