西尼罗病毒病及其病原的研究进展

概述了西尼罗病毒病在国外的流行状况、危害及我国的研究现状,着重阐述了近年来在其基础病毒学、诊断技术、疫苗及防治方面的研究进展,为该病的深入研究提供了参考。     

臭椿花叶病病原病毒的研究

从出现花叶症状的臭椿上分离到一种线条状病毒,经过生物学特性、病毒粒体形态、血清学及超薄切片等方面的研究,确定为马铃薯Y病毒组病毒。     

草莓种子实生苗的病毒分子检测

草莓易感染病毒,从而导致产量减少和品质下降。目前生产上主要采用茎尖组织培养脱毒的方法,并不能保证完全脱除病毒,还需要进行无病毒检测鉴定。因此,需进一步探索简便、高效、免检的脱毒体系。利用RT-PCR技术,以草莓肌动蛋白基因序列为内标,结合4种草莓病毒特异性扩增,验证了草莓种子实生苗不携带病毒。旨在助推种子繁殖型草莓品种的应用。     

Infection dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus in pigs using two novel simulated-natural inoculation methods

In order to characterize foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection dynamics in pigs, two simulated-natural inoculation systems were developed and evaluated. Intra-oropharyngeal (IOP) and intra-nasopharyngeal (INP) inoculation both enabled precise control of dose and timing of inoculation while simulating field exposure conditions.     

Oral Recombinant Feline Interferon-Omega as an alternative immune modulation therapy in FIV positive cats: Clinical and laboratory evaluation

Recombinant-Feline Interferon-Omega (rFeIFN-ω) is an immune-modulator licensed for use subcutaneously in Feline Immunodeficiency virus (FIV) therapy. Despite oral protocols have been suggested, little is known about such use in FIV-infected cats. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical improvement, laboratory findings, concurrent viral excretion and acute phase proteins (APPs) in naturally FIV-infected cats under oral rFeIFN-ω therapy (0.1 MU/cat rFeIFN-ω PO, SID, 90 days). 11 FIV-positive cats were treated with oral rFeIFN-ω (PO Group). Results were compared to previous data from 7 FIV-positive cats treated with the subcutaneous licensed protocol (SC Group). Initial clinical scores were similar in both groups. Independently of the protocol, rFeIFN-ω induced a significant clinical improvement of treated cats. Concurrent viral excretion and APP’s variation were not significant in the PO Group. Oral rFeIFN-ω can be an effective alternative therapy for FIV-infected cats, being also an option for treatment follow-up in cats submitted to the licensed protocol.     

Discovery of a new avian bornavirus genotype in estrildid finches (Estrildidae) in Germany

Avian bornaviruses (ABV) are known to be the causative agent of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in parrots and their relatives (Psittaciformes). A broad range of ABV genotypes has been detected not only in psittacine birds, but also in other avian species including canary birds (Serinus canaria forma domestica) and Bengalese finches (Lonchura striata f. dom.), which are both members of the order songbirds (Passeriformes).During this study 286 samples collected from captive and wild birds of various passerine species in different parts of Germany were screened for the presence of ABV. Interestingly, only three ABV-positive samples were identified by RT-PCR. They originated from one yellow-winged pytilia (Pytilia hypogrammica) and two black-rumped waxbills (Estrilda troglodytes) from a flock of captive estrildid finches in Saxony. The ABV isolates detected here were only distantly related to ABV isolates found in passerine species in Germany and Japan and form a new genotype tentatively called ABV-EF (for “estrildid finches”).     

狂犬病病毒CVS-11株的培养及其效价测定

本研究通过神经瘤细胞（NA）培养CVS-11株狂犬病病毒,并测定不同批次的病毒毒价,为优化狂犬病疫苗的生产工艺提供数据支持,具有实际意义。病毒培养和检测结果表明,第1次和第2次收获的病毒液病毒含量较高,在107.0FFU/0.1 mL以上,毒力为106.4～107.0LD50/0.03 mL;而第3次收获的病毒含量则较低,只有106.0FFU/0.1 mL左右,毒力为105.0～105.3LD50/0.03 mL。第1次和第2次收获的病毒液可用于制备狂犬疫苗,第3次收获的病毒液因毒价较低不适于制备狂犬疫苗。     

HBV衣壳蛋白装配抑制剂的研究进展

乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)是一种常见的嗜肝性病原体,全球约有4亿人感染,带来严重的社会问题和经济负担。虽然目前已有预防和治疗HBV的药物,但由于耐药性等问题不能彻底清除病毒感染,新药开发依然迫在眉睫。介绍了HBV的病毒结构、复制和感染过程,对现有治疗药物的优缺点进行了总结。对以衣壳蛋白装配为靶点的新药研究进展进行综述,旨在为今后开发抗HBV的新药提供参考。