Effects of Pentoxifylline on Equine Epididymal Sperm

This study evaluated whether pentoxifylline (PTX) present in the flushing extender influenced the function of equine epididymal spermatozoa after recovery and after thawing. For this experiment, 58 testicles from 29 Brazilian Jumping Horses were used. Cauda epididymides of each stallion were separated and flushed with a skim milk extender, with or without 7.18 mM PTX and then subjected to the freezing process. Samples flushed with the extender containing PTX showed a significant increase in total motility, progressive motility, straight line velocity, curvilinear velocity, and percentage of rapid sperm immediately after the recovery of epididymal sperm and after 15 minutes of incubation at 37°C (P < .05). However, the presence of PTX in the flushing extender did not affect the post-thaw motility parameters or plasma membrane integrity (P > .05). The results of this study showed that the PTX present in the flushing extender improved motility parameters of recently recovered epididymal sperm and had no deleterious effects on plasma membrane integrity and freezability of equine epididymal sperm.     

保存条件对西瓜花粉生活力的影响

西瓜花为半日花,西瓜花粉的生活力在田间条件下开花几小时后即完全丧失。为了延长花粉的生活力,以二倍体西瓜B99品种为试材,研究了不同保存条件对西瓜花粉生活力的影响,结果表明:常温干燥条件下可延长花粉保存时间;低温(4℃)干燥(RH25%)条件下保存花粉,花粉生活力4d内降低较慢,4d后降低稍快,但到第9天仍有1/3以上的花粉具有生活力;前8d的坐果率可达到自然状态(用新鲜花粉授粉)的73%,这在实践中完全可以利用,尤其是对4、5d之内的短期保存更有利用价值。     

陆地棉花粉柱头生活力研究

在1d内的6个不同时间分别给母本柱头授以自然花粉和冰箱保存花粉,镜检穿过花柱基部的花粉管数,田间调查成铃率,收获后考种单铃种子数、健籽率和子指等。结果表明,自然花粉以上午10：00授粉成铃率最高,雌蕊柱头10：00和16：00为最佳接受花粉时间。     

Influence of different processing procedures on the reproductive capacity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trichinella spiralis</Emphasis> in pork meat

The aim of this work was to determine the influence of different processing procedures and preparations on the viability and infectivity of Trichinella spiralis ML. The muscles of limbs tongue and masseters of pigs experimentally infected were collected, splitted to pieces, and pooled. Five batches were used for the following processing procedures: (1) seasoning with “adobo”, commercially acquired chilli and several other spices, (2) “wet-curing” by immersion of meat pieces in 3% brine during 24 hours, (3) cold storage without any further processing or preparation, (4) freezing to -20°C and, (5) drying for 24 hours at 60°C. Samples were stored at 4°C for 15, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 or 266 days after preparation. At the last-mentioned dates, ML were recovered and used to determine the reproductive capacity by infecting naïve mice. The state of meat conservation or spoilage respectively was tested by visual and tactile examination. In samples treated by freezing or drying no motile larvae were found after artificial digestion and, following inoculation of mice with larvae recovered from these groups, no ML were founded after 40 days of infection. After the artificial digestion of the cold stored samples, the ones seasoned with “adobo” and “wet-cured”, a number of motile ML were consistently obtained. Initial reproductive capacity index was as of 80±0.5, then rates decreased to 60 – 70 between days 15 and 105 PT and dropped to 40±6.7 at day 266 for seasoned, 33±2.7 for cold-stored and 33±2.5 for cured samples. The influence of storage time (p=0.000005; factorial ANOVA) but not for processing procedure (p=0.724; factorial ANOVA) were statistically significant. The sensorial examination of the meat samples showed severe changes caused by spoilage in odour, texture and colour from day 45 of storage. Data reported from this trial proves that curing or flavoring do not inactivate the Trichinella Mexican strain, although cold storage for more than three months led to a partial decrease of the reproductive capacity. Freezing and drying seemed to be effective measures to eliminate the ML infectivity.     

西府海棠花粉生活力测定

[目的]研究分析了不同染色方法和离体萌发法对西府海棠花粉生活力的影响,以期为选出影响西府海棠花粉生活力的最佳方法提供理论依据。[方法]以西府海棠花粉为试材,利用碘-碘化钾染色法、醋酸洋红染色法、离体萌发法和TTC（氯化三苯基四氮唑）染色法对花粉生活力进行测定,并研究了不同浓度的钙对花粉萌发和花粉管生长的影响。[结果]适合西府海棠花粉萌发和花粉管生长的最佳培养基是：0.8 g琼脂＋15.0 mg/L蔗糖＋2.0 mg/L硼酸;低浓度的钙对花粉萌发和花粉管的生长有促进作用,高浓度的钙对花粉萌发和花粉管的生长有抑制作用,培养基中Ca（NO3）2浓度为1.6×10-5mg/L时最适合西府海棠花粉萌发和花粉管的生长。[结论]3种染色方法均不适合测定西府海棠花粉生活力。     

刺桐姬小蜂在中国的潜在地理分布预测模型

根据刺桐姬小蜂分布的关键气候因子临界值、有效积温和生物气候相似距,选用Access设计数据库、Maplnfo MapX和Visual Basic设计程序,构建了刺桐姬小蜂在中国的潜在地理分布模型。利用中国670个气象站点30 a的气候资料运行该模型,预测结果表明,刺桐姬小蜂可以生存的地区占全国的59.40%,该虫在中国可以生存的绝大多数地区1年发生3～6代。按风险程度可将该虫在中国的分布区划分为安全区(占40.60%)、轻度危险区(占22.69%)、危险区(占23.73%)、高度危险区(占12.99%)。刺桐姬小蜂的气候相似距预测表明,中国华南地区以及云南、浙江、江西的部分地区与该虫标准点之间生物气候相似距较小(dij为0.6左右),入侵的风险最高。     

针叶树种子生活力与室内发芽和田间播种相互关系

本文研究了油松、侧柏、落叶松种子9个种批的生活力与其室内发芽和田间播种各项指标的相互关系,结果表明针叶树种子生活力与上迷各项指标间存在着显著和极显著的相关关系。根据生活力测定结果可以推算出室内发芽和田间播种各指标的理论值,这对于快速确定种子的种用价值具有重要现实意义。     

不同来源知母种子的质量比较

[目的]通过对知母种子的质量进行检测分析,比较不同来源知母种子的质量优劣.[方法]采用常规检验方法分别测定知母种子的净度、千粒重、发芽率、发芽势和生活力等指标.[结果]7种不同来源的知母种子质量上存在较大差异.[结论]陵川、襄汾、易县、亳州的知母种子质量较好,可作为知母生产引种繁殖的优选种质材料.     

几种牧草和草坪草种子生活力四唑测定方法的研究

对两种草坪草和六种牧草种子生活力四唑测定方法进行了研究，探讨了各种子适宜的预处理方法，四唑溶液浓度和染色时间，结果表明：除春箭舌豌豆种子外，其余种子在染色前均需浸渍或缓慢预湿及横切或纵切，针刺等预处理：在３０℃下测定的最佳条件为：假俭草、碱茅和籽粒苋种子用０．１％浓度，染色１４ｈ，染色１４ｈ，狗牙根和串叶松香草种子用０．５％浓度，染色２２ｈ，春箭舌豌和湖南稷子种子用０．５％浓度，分别染色１４或６ｈ     

Bayesian methods in plant conservation biology

We provide an introduction to Bayesian methods in conservation biology, illustrating inferences, prediction and decision making issues. After presenting the basic framework with a recovery plan evaluation problem, we illustrate more complex issues related to forecasting trends of structured populations using matrix population models and, finally, describe relevant topics in spatial and logistic regression problems. Computational and other implementation difficulties are also discussed.