紫茎泽兰的生物学特点及其在畜牧生产中的应用

紫茎泽兰在我国分布范围广泛,是一种可利用的资源。目前有大量研究在探讨紫茎泽兰的生物学功能和提取其有效的活性成分,可以通过资源化利用提高紫茎泽兰的经济价值,变废为宝。论文综述了紫茎泽兰的生物学特点、生物学活性及其在动物抗寄生虫、抑制细菌、免疫调节和作为饲料原料的应用研究现状,为后期紫茎泽兰的研究提供参考。     

艾草的化学成分和药理作用研究进展

艾草为我国传统的中草药,其应用在我国有着悠久的历史和广泛的影响。早在明代李时珍的《本草纲目》中就有记载,称其为“草医”。对艾草的理化性质、提取方法、主要的化学成分、药理学作用和应用进行国内外文献研究总结。艾草主要的化学成分为挥发油类、黄酮类和糖类,具有抑菌、抗虫、抗氧化和提高动物生产性能的作用,开发出了具有抑菌、增强免疫力等功效的产品。基于目前的文献研究,提出仍需深入研究艾草调控的信号转导通路、艾草的药物代谢动力学参数、艾草的安全性评价以及药物间的相互作用等。该综述以期为艾草的药理机制研究和提高艾草的应用价值提供全面的数据支撑。     

蜂王浆生产新技术的研究--产浆王台中卵孵化率的研究

本文就蜂王产在特种巢脾台基中卵的孵化率和提高卵的孵化率等问题进行了研究,结果表明,(1)蜂王在特种巢脾在台基中产下的卵,无论是滞留在特种巢脾中还是分装到产浆框中,其孵化率都一样;(2)在奖励饲喂的情况下,无论是特种巢脾上台基中的卵还是产浆框上的,其孵化率均分别极显著高于无奖励饲喂的;(3)采用本探讨技术生产蜂王浆时应将具卵产浆王台滞留在特种巢脾内孵化,并应通过奖励饲喂提高卵的孵化率.     

Factors responsible for levels of male sterility in photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile (PCMS) wheat lines

A `two-line system' using photoperiod-sensitivecytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS) caused by Aegilops crassa cytoplasm has been proposed as a newmeans of producing hybrid wheat. The PCMS line ismaintained by self-pollination under short-dayconditions (14.5 h light period), and F<sub>1</sub> seedscan be produced by outcrossing of the PCMS line witha pollinator under long-day conditions (15 h lightperiod). As the levels of male sterility in PCMSlines under the long-day conditions is a crucialfactor in determining hybrid purity of the F<sub>1</sub>seeds, a study was conducted into the effect ofseeding rate on male sterility in PCMS lines. Threedifferent density levels were tested using analloplasmic line of Japanese wheat cultivar `Norin 26'which exhibits PCMS. Levels of male sterility of thePCMS line increased at sparse planting, because tiller(ear) number per plant increased at low seedingdensity and late-appearing ears tended to exhibithigher levels of male sterility than early-appearingears. On the other hand, male sterility levels of thePCMS lines depended on genotype, e.g., the PCMS`Fujimikomugi' was completely male sterile, whereasthe PCMS `Norin 26' showed partial male sterility. APCMS line showing complete male sterility, such as thePCMS `Fujimikomugi', should produce F<sub>1</sub> seeds withhigh purity. However, the PCMS `Fujimikomugi' showeda lower female fertility. For practical use, it isnecessary to produce PCMS lines having high malesterility with high female fertility under long-dayconditions.     

Comparison of haemodynamic changes during two surgical methods for neutering female dogs

The aim was to investigate if intraoperative registrations of blood pressure and heart rate could be used to estimate surgical trauma. In a prospective clinical trial, registrations in eight dogs neutered by laparoscopic ovariectomy (LOE) were compared with eight dogs subjected to open ovariohysterectomy (OHE). For comparisons phases were used: phase zero = steady state after induction of anaesthesia; phase one = opening of abdomen; phase two = severing of ovarian pedicles; and, phase three = abdominal closure. During LOE, mean systolic blood pressure increased by 7 mm Hg (p = 0.05) and 15 mm Hg (p = 0.01) from phase zero to phase one and two, respectively, and during OHE by 3 mm Hg (ns) and 29 mm Hg (p < 0.0001), respectively. The increase from phase one to phase two differed between groups (p = 0.03). Heart rate did not change. Frequent intraoperative measurements of blood pressure appear a promising method for evaluating surgical trauma.     

叶绿素荧光技术在筛选光合突变体中的应用

叶绿素荧光技术作为光合作用研究的手段,在光合突变体筛选中起到了重要作用。使用该技术,大量光合突变体得以分离,并且随着分子生物学的进展,突变基因也被陆续克隆,同时利用这一技术的筛选方法也随着人们对光合作用机制认识的深入,不断得到了改进,本研究就这方面进展做以综述。     

交播技术在园林草坪养护中的应用研究

在过渡气候带的园林绿地，进行了暖季型草坪秋季交播多年生黑麦草籽的应用试验，结果表明：交播技术可用于马尼拉、狗牙根和矮生百慕大等暖季型草坪上，交播时间宜在10月底前进行，交播种子用量多年生黑麦草以20－30g/m^2为宜。     

家兔豆状囊尾蚴病用药效果观察

在家兔的寄生虫病中,除球虫病和疥癣外,豆状囊尾蚴(豆状带绦虫的幼虫)所引起的疾病是较普遍和较严重的一种。由于临床用药不规范,治疗效果欠佳,严重影响了养兔专业户的经济效益和养兔业的发展,因此,本文将近几年的病例资料加以整理,得出治疗豆状囊尾蚴病的首选药是甲苯咪唑。     

云南蒙自持续干旱对西方蜜蜂蜂王交尾成功率的影响

2010年4月21日～7月19日在蒙自县城周围和草坝镇的西方蜜蜂蜂场进行了西方蜜蜂交尾成功率试验。结果表明,蒙自县城周围蜂场的西方蜜蜂交尾成功率为75%,草坝镇蜂场的西方蜜蜂蜂王交尾成功率平均为19.98%。因此认为持续干旱对西方蜜蜂养殖影响很大。