鸡新城疫活疫苗室温保存工艺的初步研究

选用海藻糖、明胶、PVP等成分配制耐热保护剂,采用梯度真空干燥方法,将鸡新城疫病毒(La Sota株)进行泡沫干燥,通过37℃10 d耐老化试验筛选到配方T5的病毒滴度损失为0.2 Lg;NDV-T5泡沫干燥疫苗经DSC测定配方玻璃化转变温度Tg为56.45℃,扫描电镜观察可见较为规则的片状结构;NDV-T5在各温度耐热性能均较好,2℃~8℃保存24个月,25℃保存15个月、37℃保存5个月,病毒含量下降≤1.0 Lg;将不同保存温度的NDV-T5泡沫干燥疫苗免疫1月龄雏鸡,鸡只均能在免疫后14 d产生抗体,与现有商品疫苗效力相当。     

基于单形格子设计的马铃薯微型薯繁育基质配方研究

试验采用盆栽法,用混料试验设计中{3,3}单形格子设计,建立繁育马铃薯微型薯高产优质的基质配比模型,根据试验马铃薯的单株块茎重、单株块茎数、单块茎重、合格薯率、大中薯率,分析优化菌渣、河沙、珍珠岩3种基质的配比。研究表明,高产稳产优质的马铃薯微型薯繁育基质配比为45.60%∶30.02%∶24.38%。     

叶面喷施尿素和过磷酸钙对金盏菊生长发育的影响

研究了在金盏菊(Calendula officinalis L.)的生长初期叶面喷施各种不同浓度配比的尿素和过磷酸钙对其营养性状和花发育的影响,结果表明:尿素和过磷酸钙配合进行叶面喷施,能促进生长,增加株高、叶片数及花朵数,其中以0.1%的尿素和1.0%的过磷酸钙配合效果最佳.     

玉蕈生态特性的研究

本文着重研究影响玉蕈(Hypsizygus marmoreus Sing.)生长发育的生态因子。结果表明,菌丝生长发育的适宜温度为15～25℃,最适为20℃。玉蕈是好氧菌;适宜pH为5～7,最适为6。母种以玉米粉综合培养基、蛋白胨培养基和综合PDA培养基最佳。原种和栽培种培养基的主料是玉米芯粉和等量豆秸粉,辅料是玉米粉或麦麸加豆粉;培养料最适C/N为20,含有较多可溶性碳水化合物,能够促进菌丝生长发育。     

改性酚醛树脂胶合高含水率单板

采用常规酚醛树脂胶压制多层结构胶合板时，单板含水率通常要求在８％以下，本项研究通过缩合物的共混－共缩聚方法，采用间苯二醛树脂对酚醛树脂进行改性，探讨了间苯二酚树脂的加入量、酚醛树脂摩尔比、混合比，热压条件等对胶液的粘度，缩合度、稳定性，固化时间，及胶合质量的影响，结果表明，当单板含水率提高到１６％￣１８％时，生产的结构胶合板物理力学性能指标达到了ＧＢ９８４６．１￣１２－８８对Ⅰ类胶合板的要求，并大     

Comparison of measurements of canine plasma glucose, creatinine, urea, total proteins, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase obtained with the APOLOWAKO and Vitros 250 analyzers

The APOLOWAKO is an entirely automatic benchtop biochemistry analyzer that uses stabilized liquid reagents. It was tested for canine blood and plasma glucose, creatinine, urea, total proteins, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. The APOLOWAKO gave very similar results for whole blood and the corresponding plasma (n=32). Within-laboratory imprecision was below 2.2% and 5.8% for substrates and enzymes, respectively. Comparison of results with whole blood by APOLOWAKO and with the corresponding plasma by Vitros 250 (n=139) showed very good correlations. Passing-Bablok's regression slopes ranged from 0.83 to 1.12 and intercepts were close to zero, except for ALP where the results obtained by APOLOWAKO were approximately 1.5 times higher than by Vitros. The APOLOWAKO system can be a reliable instrument in veterinary practices where larger systems are not available but it should be further validated and reference intervals should be determined.     

Refeeding and insulin activate the AKT/p70S6 kinase pathway without affecting IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation in chicken muscle

p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) is a key enzyme involved in the control of protein synthesis. We have previously shown that this kinase is insulin sensitive in chicken muscle despite a relative insulin resistance in the early steps of insulin receptor signaling in this tissue, particularly with no change in tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1). The aim of the present study is to further study the p70S6K pathway in chicken muscle. By analyzing in silico several kinases involved in the protein kinase B (PKB also called AKT)/target of rapamycin (TOR)/p70S6K pathway in the chicken, we showed that the amino acid sequence of the proteins exhibited a very high identity with their homologs in mammalian species and Drosophila. We investigated the regulation of these kinases in vivo or in vitro. Refeeding and insulin treatment significantly (P<0.05) increased the phosphorylation and/or activity of kinases upstream of p70S6K such as AKT and TOR. Similarly, refeeding and insulin increased the phosphorylation of p70S6K on key residues (i.e. T389, T229 and T421/S424) and the phosphorylation of a p70S6K downstream target, the ribosomal protein S6 (by 3-10-fold, P<0.05). Interestingly, we also showed an increase in the phosphorylation level of IRS1 on S632/S635, sites involved in insulin resistance. In conclusion, the AKT/TOR/p70S6K pathway is activated by refeeding and insulin injection, which might negatively regulate IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation. These results indicate some particularities of the insulin signaling in chicken muscle and suggest the involvement of p70S6K in these features.     

阿哈水库底泥基质中3种绿化植物的生长及Cd的富集特征

阿哈水库底泥的重金属潜在危害程度为中等,其中以Cd的贡献最大。以阿哈水库疏浚底泥为材料,采用盆栽试验研究了70%的底泥与珍珠岩、木屑、蘑菇渣和茶园土组成的基质对种植的三叶草、黑麦草和孔雀草生长情况的影响及Cd在植株内的富集特征。结果表明:1)配制的底泥基质有机质的含量范围为78.30～95.31 g·kg^-1,速效氮为109.33～124.45 mg·kg^-1,速效磷为17.20～24.70 mg·kg^-1,速效钾为178.12～206.46 mg·kg^-1,pH为7.62～7.71,总孔隙度为42%～75%,电导率(EC)为1.47～1.62 ms·cm^-1,Cd为0.88～1.12 mg·kg^-1,满足CJ/T 340-2011的要求,同时,由于木屑、蘑菇渣的养分含量高于珍珠岩和茶园土,所以木屑、蘑菇渣所占比重较大的T_5(70%底泥+10%珍珠岩+10%木屑+10%蘑菇渣)、T_3(70%底泥+15%珍珠岩+10%蘑菇渣+5%茶园土)和T_4(70%底泥+15%珍珠岩+10%木屑+5%茶园土)养分含量大于T_2(70%底泥+30%珍珠岩)和T_1(70%底泥+30%茶园土),此外,调节孔隙度能力为珍珠岩>木屑>蘑菇渣>茶园土,经调节后,孔隙度较大的为T_2、T_5、T_3和T_4,所以,T_5为本次试验理化性质最优基质。2)种植的三叶草、黑麦草和孔雀草的鲜重分别为127.63、37.51、61.02 g·盆^-1,干重为15.37、4.62、9.91 g·盆^-1,三叶草长势最好,其次是孔雀草。3)三叶草、黑麦草和孔雀草地上部分Cd的含量分别为0.10～0.14 mg·kg^-1、0.21～0.31 mg·kg^-1和0.93～1.22 mg·kg^-1,地下部分Cd的含量分别为0.04～0.15 mg·kg^-1、4.32～4.98 mg·kg^-1和0.40～0.93 mg·kg^-1,除黑麦草地下部分的Cd含量超过一般植物正常Cd含量0.2～3.0 mg·kg^-1外,三叶草和孔雀草植株Cd含量均在正常范围内,同时,孔雀草的Cd累积量为7.46～12.60μg·盆^-1,远大于三叶草和黑麦草的1.03～2.24μg·盆^-1、2.73～3.72μg·盆^-1。4)黑麦草地下部分的Cd富集系数为3.96～5.01,孔雀草地上和地下部分的Cd富集系数分别为0.93～1.11和0.37～1.06,而黑麦草地上部分和三叶草的Cd富集系数均小于0.31,且三叶草、黑麦草和孔雀草的Cd转移系数为0.67～3.23、0.05～0.07、1.00～2.52,可见,黑麦草为Cd根富集植物,孔雀草和三叶草是Cd地上部富集植物。综上,可以利用阿哈水库底泥制成基质种植三叶草、黑麦草和孔雀草,同时可利用其去除部分底泥中重金属,为阿哈水库及类似的喀斯特山区湖泊污染整治工程提供参考资料。     

Unique cytologic and histologic features of a suspected cutaneous xanthoma in a dog

A 4‐year‐old spayed female American Staffordshire Terrier presented to the U‐Vet Animal Hospital, Werribee, Australia, with a cutaneous mass that had been slowly growing over 12 months. Cytologic evaluation showed cohesive to individualized, vacuolated spindled cells often arranged in a perivascular pattern. The mass was completely excised, and the histopathologic examination demonstrated sheets of vacuolated spindled to round cells expanding the full thickness of the dermis. The cells demonstrated both Iba1 and CD18 antibody binding, leading to an initial interpretation of histiocytic sarcoma. Given the discordance with the clinical presentation, further immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed. The cells demonstrated strong CD204 antibody binding and did not bind E‐cadherin antibody, consistent with a dermal macrophage origin. Ki‐67 antibody binding was regionally variable from <5% to 25%, with more regions that had low Ki‐67 expression. A fasted serum biochemistry panel revealed hypertriglyceridemia and persistent hypercholesterolemia. Based on clinical, microscopic, biochemical, and IHC results, the final interpretation was an indolent dermal histiocytic proliferation of macrophage origin, with a preference for cutaneous xanthoma or reactive dermal fibrohistiocytoma.     

干旱半干旱区裸露边坡适宜喷播的绿化基质筛选

甘肃黄土高原干旱半干旱区裸露边坡年均降水量少、气候干燥、蒸发强烈,导致边坡绿化植物存在出苗难和成活率低等诸多问题。本研究以干旱半干旱区裸露边坡为研究对象,通过L9(34)正交试验,研究生物肥、保水剂、草炭土、土壤、秸秆、速效肥6种喷播绿化基质在不同用量和比例组合下的理化性质,及其对边坡水分蒸发量、植被盖度、地上植物量的影响,以期筛选出适宜的喷播绿化基质配方。结果表明,草炭土∶土壤∶秸秆比例为40∶45∶15,嗜盐碱微生物菌肥500 g·m~(-2)、保水剂1 g·m~(-2)、速效肥25 g·m~(-2)可有效减小水分蒸发量,提高植被盖度和地上植物量,对黄土高原裸露边坡植物生长最为有利。