当前我国草原工作面临的形势与任务

草原是我国陆地最大的绿色植被系统,加强草原保护建设意义重大。最近,国家对新时期牧区工作做出重大部署,草原工作迎来了新的契机。本文对草原保护建设利用的现状进行了概括和总结,结合2011年出台的草原相关新政策,提出了今后草原保护建设的工作措施。     

Analysis of regional variation of height growth and slenderness in populations of six urban tree species using a quantile regression approach

Inventory data of six urban tree species from seven cities across Germany were used to model regional variation of height growth, allometric scaling, and slenderness over a wide range of size and age using a quantile regression approach. Variation within and between species and cities was large. Height did not reach an asymptote but declined at higher ages, presumably because of reduction cuts. Allometric scaling and slenderness varied with wind climate, modulus of elasticity, and coefficient of drag. Our data do not support the use of a threshold value of slenderness in tree risk assessment.     

Leaf stoichiometry of Leontopodium lentopodioides at high altitudes on the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,China

Altitude affects leaf stoichiometry by regulating temperature and precipitation, and influencing soil properties in mountain ecosystems. Leaf carbon concentration(C), leaf nitrogen concentration(N),leaf phosphorous concentration(P), and their stoichiometric ratios of Leontopodium lentopodioides(Willd.)Beauv., a widespread species in degraded grasslands, were investigated to explore its response and adaptation strategy to environmental changes along four altitude gradients(2500, 3000, 3500, and 3...     

浅谈引种植物在拉萨市绿化中的应用

合理引进和应用多样化的植物,有利于丰富城市生物多样性,提高城市人与自然的和谐发展。     

用最大树种数测度森林群落树种丰富度

目的 试图给出确定森林群落树种丰富度的方法,解决物种丰富度测度问题,完善森林生物多样性研究的方法。 方法 采用Monod模型表达种-面积曲线,通过数学手段确定最小森林群落面积和最大树种数。 结果 用本研究提出的方法对不同气候带森林物种丰富度进行测算,结果表明：热带森林群落具有更高的最大树种数和更大的群落最小面积,物种丰富度随气候带由热带到寒温带逐渐减少。 结论 用最大树种数能够确切表达不同气候带森林群落树种丰富度,克服了现有研究中直接把不同大小调查面积上的树种数量视为树种丰富度的弊端。     

Turf Response to Superferrite Fertilizer in Contrasting Soil Types

Abstract

Superferrite is marketed as a turf fertilizer in the United States, but there is limited information on its effectiveness or potential risks due to high zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) contents. A greenhouse study was conducted where hybrid bermudagrass and tall fescue, growing in a calcareous clay or acid sandy soil, and creeping bentgrass, growing in a putting green root zone mix, were fertilized with 0, 50, 100, and 150% the recommended rate of Superferrite fertilizer (73.4 g m^?2). Bermudagrass and tall fescue clipping weights increased with Superferrite rate but root mass was not affected. Tissue iron (Fe) concentrations were mostly unaffected by Superferrite, but total Fe uptake, tissue Zn, and total Zn uptake increased with Superferrite rate. Increased yields were probably due to increasing nitrogen (N) applications rather than Fe or Zn. Small increases in Pb uptake with Superferrite applications suggest that Superferrite Pb had low bioavailability to turf.     

河北省城郊农业发展方向与模式研究

通过对城郊农业特点的分析,提出城郊农业应向二、三产业延伸,实行多功能开发,走观光采摘农业的路子。在实际工作中,通过坚持3个结合、做好5项工作,实现4个功能。     

关中灌区粮食生产“两高一优”机械化模式

根据关中灌区自然经济条件，提出了一种新的机械化模式。经过９年实践表明，采用该模式，无论丰年、平年、灾年均可大幅度增产，能提高抵抗自然灾害的能力，使丰、灾年间产量波幅减小，更趋稳定。     

平原沙土区不同林分类型下土壤有机碳库特征及其影响因子

目的 明晰不同林分类型下土壤有机碳库特征,以期为平原沙土区土壤碳库的提高和生态恢复提供理论依据。 方法 以江苏省平原沙土区丰县16年生杨树纯林、柳树纯林、杨柳混交林3种林分类型及相邻的撂荒地（对照）为对象,测定0～20、20～40、40～60、60～80、80～100 cm等5个土壤层次有机碳及活性组分和土壤酶活性,计算土壤碳库管理指数,并对土壤有机碳库特征和环境因子进行相关性分析。 结果 （1）3种林分类型及对照各土层有机碳含量和储量范围分别为1.03～5.88 g·kg−1和3.53～17.55 t·hm−2。与对照相比,0～100 cm土层,3种林分类型土壤有机碳含量增加了45.2%～82.2%。杨树纯林0～100 cm土层有机碳储量分别是柳树纯林、杨柳混交林和对照的1.23、1.24、1.83倍。（2）与对照相比,0～100 cm土层,3种林分类型的土壤易氧化有机碳、可溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳含量分别提高了28.6%～48.0%、6.8%～9.7%和21.6%～33.4%。3种林分类型土壤碳库管理指数显著高于100%（P<0.05）。（3）林分类型显著影响土壤蔗糖酶和多酚氧化酶活性（P<0.05）,杨柳混交林0～100 cm土层多酚氧化酶活性显著高于杨树纯林和对照（P<0.05）。（4）相关性分析表明,土壤有机碳库特征受多酚氧化酶和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性显著影响,有机碳含量和储量、易氧化有机碳含量及碳库管理指数受蔗糖酶、过氧化物酶活性显著影响,微生物生物量碳受蔗糖酶活性显著影响。冗余分析表明,土壤碳氮比和细根生物量是土壤有机碳库特征的主要影响因素。 结论 平原沙土区营造人工林提高了土壤有机碳及活性组分和有机碳库稳定性,杨树纯林提高土壤有机碳储量效果最好。     

八个竹种海涂引种试验报告

本文从土壤含盐量着手对八个竹种在引种成活率、新竹抽发数及其质量、角竹笋产量等方面进行了较系统的研究。结果表明,土壤盐分影响竹子的生长发育,此影响一般随含盐量的增加而增加;不同竹种对土壤盐分的适应能力不同;角竹笋能获得高产,单产达20800kg/ha。参照产地母竹和引种地新竹的生长情况,我们建议:海涂地区发展竹子时可选用角竹、桂竹和红竹。