城市绿化中大树反季节移植技术

阐述了大树反季节移植在城市绿化中的重要作用,以及影响大树移植成活的原因。提出了提高大树反季节移植成活率的技术措施。     

我国城市人居环境评价研究进展及展望

文章分析了城市人居环境评价体系的变化与特征,探讨了目前城市人居环境评价体系存在的不足,包括在研究内容上缺乏对人类心理和精神需求的重视,尺度缺乏对区域的考虑,评价指标体系缺乏普适性,评价思想缺乏"低碳"可持续发展的体现及缺乏多学科的交流与渗透等,并在此基础上提出了未来城市人居环境评价发展的新趋势。       

辽宁西北部主要绿化树种对空气颗粒物滞留能力研究

采用洗脱法测定了辽西北地区阜新市15种常见绿化树种单位叶面积滞留粗颗粒物(TSP)及细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))的质量,分析比较了15种树种叶片去除TSP和PM_(2.5)能力以及随着空间变化的规律。结果表明:(1)不同树种单位叶面积TSP和PM_(2.5)滞留量均存在显著差异,变化范围分别为3.68~5.94g/m~2和0.47~0.92g/m~2,树种间滞留能力的差值可达2倍左右。(2)在同一个功能区不同树种滞留TSP和PM_(2.5)的差异由树冠高度(绿篱灌木乔木)和叶表面粗糙度(叶表面沟槽宽度的不同可能是沟槽宽度过宽和过窄均不利于叶片捕集颗粒物,且颗粒物滞留量随沟槽深度增加而增大)以及叶片比叶重(比叶重大的滞尘量大)等所引起。(3)在不同功能区同一树种单位叶面积滞留TSP量的排序为工业区商业交通区露天矿区清洁区,而PM_(2.5)滞留量则无明显差异。乔木中新疆杨、灌木中紫丁香的单位叶面积滞留量与单株滞留量都较高,起到明显的降尘作用,是沙尘频发的辽西北地区城市绿化树种的优先之选。     

Two faces to the greenery on housing estates–mitigating climate but aggravating allergy. A Warsaw case study

Interest in the climate and an awareness of the beneficial cooling influence exerted on it by biologically-vital areas is growing, as climate change progresses, hot weather is more frequent as well as the urban heat island more intense. It is necessary to protect existing greenery in the cities and to introduce new planting. However plants in a warmer climate can produce larger amounts of pollen and are more readily able to initiate an allergic reaction among those prone to them. That means—not every greenery is advantageous for humans in the cities. In the research two housing estates built at different times and differ in type, density and age of buildings, as well as in the composition and the percentage of biologically vital area and the species planted were examined. Detailed inventory of tall greenery entailed the trees and shrubs and next their assumed allergenic potential was made. Cooling effect likely is derived from the difference in greenery, but the other factors such as differences in the density of buildings and spatial organization of the estate could also influence it. The older estate with the ratio of biologically vital areas of 54.3% is characterised by more favourable local climate than the newer estate, with the ratio of biologically vital areas equals 40.7% and young vegetation. On the newer one the perceptible thermal conditions did not differ significantly compared with the city centre. Unfortunately, on Koło Estate trees creating mild thermal conditions are also the trees promoting allergies most severely: birches, poplars and limes. And they are planted usually around playgrounds and kindergarten. The trees of high allergenicity should be partially removed, even risking small worsening thermal conditions.     

台儿庄区城市生态系统健康评价初探

根据Rapport的活力-组织力-恢复力（VOR）理论,构建城市生态系统指标体系,并采用模糊综合评价法对台儿庄区生态系统健康进行评价,从而了解台儿庄城市生态系统健康状况,明确台儿庄区的城市生态系统健康状况的制约因子,为台儿庄区城市生态规划提供可靠的背景状况和研究依据。结果表明,2006年台儿庄区城市生态系统处于病态,2007年处于亚健康状态。     

海绵体式复合植被毯及屋顶绿化技术

屋顶绿化是改善城市生态环境的重要途径,具有良好的生态和社会效益,但对建设投资方来说一次性投入增加较大,推广难度较大。为此,该文从海绵体式复合植被毯工艺与屋面施工流程等方面进行系统的介绍,突破传统的植被毯屋顶绿化形式,形成了一套造价低、维护简易,又有良好生态效益的海绵体式复合植被毯屋顶绿化形式。     

风景园林研究的跨界融合与量化革新——以香港大学城市环境与人类健康实验室为例

以香港大学城市环境与人类健康实验室这一新兴学术共同体作为研究切入点,使用文献综述与案例研究的方法深入探讨学术共同体在推动风景园林学科的发展和进步中扮演的关键角色。研究结果发现：该实验室在以往的风景园林学科内容、框架和知识体系基础上,运用新兴技术并结合定量的统计学方法,将城市环境与居民健康紧密相连,为快速城市化地区的环境和人类健康问题提供高效、精准、人文关怀且切实可行的解决方案,并极大地拓展了风景园林学科的研究领域;实验室的核心关注点在于城市感知：探究城市环境特征如何以及在何种程度上通过心理、生理等途径影响人类健康;在健康城市领域,这支先锋团队担任着理论研究、技术探索以及教育者的角色。     

齐齐哈尔市城市森林空气负离子浓度变化规律

于2015-2017年的5-10月份,采取定位观测研究方法,在齐齐哈尔市城市森林中选取6个固定观测区,包括16种林分类型,在每个林分类型中设置固定观测点,进行逐月连年观测空气负离子浓度、正离子浓度以及空气温度湿度等环境因子,获取有效观测数据18万个;对观测数据系统全面分析,探索城市森林负离子浓度日变化、月变化、季节变化规律及时空分布格局。结果表明:经3 a连续观测,齐齐哈尔市城市森林空气负离子浓度的日变化规律,一般是早晨(06:00-08:00)达到峰值,随后下降,至中午或下午最低,晚上18:00左右再次出现峰值;负离子浓度最高值可达2000个/cm^3左右、最低值在300个/cm^3左右。齐齐哈尔市城市森林中,空气负离子浓度一年中的变化规律,从5月份开始逐月上升,到9月份达到峰值,从10月份开始下降,负离子浓度5月份最低,9月份最高。齐齐哈尔市城市森林各季节空气负离子浓度水平有所不同,秋季空气负离子浓度水平最高,夏季略低于秋季,春季最低。     

Training Mode of Applied Talents in Urban and Rural Planning Major

Facing the development and change of contemporary urban and rural planning discipline and social talent demand,it is imperative to develop the talent training of urban and rural planning major.Based on the teaching platform,this study constructed a perfect talent training mode,implemented modular teaching,took the occupation as the guidance,carried out the application-oriented talent training,and delivered high-quality professionals to the society.