Application of Fuzzy Regression Model to the Prediction of Field Mouse Occurrence Rate

Expressions were given to describe the closeness between the estimated value and observed value for two asymmetric exponential fuzzy numbers. Based on that, the model was given to solve the question of fuzzy multivariable regression with fuzzy input, fuzzy output and crisp coefficients. Finally, with this model, the prediction of field mouse occurrence rate had been done and the satisfied result was obtained.     

拷贝数变异及其研究进展

拷贝数变异作为遗传变异的一种新来源在表型多样性和进化中起着重要作用,引起了研究者广泛的兴趣。拷贝数变异(copy number variation,CNV)是指大小从kb到Mb范围内亚微观DNA片段的变异。CNV在人类正常个体和许多模式动物中已经做了很多的研究工作,并通过生物信息学和杂交的方法确定了CNV的区域。进一步研究发现拷贝数变异与疾病的致病机理有着密切的联系。本文从概念、检测方法和研究进展方面对CNV进行了较为全面的介绍与阐述,分析了目前CNV研究存在的一些问题,并对它在疾病和其他方面的前景做出一些展望。     

Do water regimes affect iron‐plaque formation and microbial communities in the rhizosphere of paddy rice?

Pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of soil water regimes on the formation of iron (Fe) plaque on the root surface of rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) and on the microbial functional diversity in a paddy soil. The rice seedlings were subjected to three moisture regimes (submergence, 100%, and 60% water‐holding capacity [WHC]), and were grown for 5 and 11 weeks. Aerobic lithotrophic Fe(II)‐oxidizing (FeOB) and acetate‐utilizing Fe(III)‐reducing bacteria (FeRB) in the rhizosphere and non‐rhizosphere soil were determined at 5 weeks using the most probable number (MPN) method. The carbon substrate use patterns of the microbial communities in the rhizosphere and non‐rhizosphere soil samples were determined at 11 weeks using Biolog‐GN2 plates. The amount of Fe plaque (per unit dry root weight) was much higher under submerged conditions than at lower soil moisture contents and decreased with plant age. There was a positive correlation between the amount of Fe plaque and phosphorus accumulated in the Fe plaque at both sampling times (r = 0.98 and 0.92, respectively, n = 12). Numbers of FeOB and FeRB in the submerged soil were lower than in aerobic soil, but by two orders of magnitude higher in the rhizosphere than in the bulk soil. On the other hand, the functional diversity of the rhizosphere microbial communities was much higher than that of the non‐rhizosphere soil, irrespective of soil water regimes. We conclude that soil flooding results in a decreased number and diversity of Fe‐oxidizing/reducing bacteria, while increasing the Fe‐plaque formation.     

数量性状基因数目估计的程序设计

本文给出了估计控制数量性状基因数目的ＢＡＳＩＣ程序。本程序根据估计数量性状基因数目的Ｃａｓｔｌｅ－ｗｒｉｇｈｔ方法（或称矩法）及其该法的若干扩展，利用双亲、Ｆ１，Ｆ２及回交世代（Ｂ１，Ｂ２）的资料，估计所研究性状双亲有差异的基因座位数在称有效因子数，并给出其估值的标准误；程序还有对资料进行加性显性模型适合性检验（ＡＢＣ检验和合并ＡＢＣ检验）的功能。″５５０ＲＥＴＵＲＮ５６０ＥＳ＝Ｄ／Ｓ／８：ＳＥ＝（４＊Ａ＋Ｖ／Ｓ／Ｓ）＊ＥＳ＊：Ｇ＝Ｇ＋１５７０Ｂ＄＝″ｎ（″＋ｓｔｒｎ＄（Ⅰ）″，″＋Ｓｔｒ＄（ｇ）＋″）．：ＧＯｓＵＢ５１０：ＲＥＴＵＲＮ５７０Ｂ＄＝″ｎ（″＋ＳＴＲ＄（Ⅰ）＋″，″＋ＳＴＲ＄（Ｇ）＋″）．：ＧＯＳＵＢ５１０：ＲＥＴＵＭ２．２程序说明２．２．１变量和数组Ｎ——世代数（在此等于６）Ａ（３，Ｎ）一一合并ＡＢＣ测验的系数矩阵Ｘ（Ｎ）——世代均值数组Ｎ（Ｎ）——世代样本容量数组Ｖ（Ｎ）——世代方差数组Ｚ（Ｎ）一一世代均值的方差Ｕ（Ｎ）——世代方差的方差Ｔ２——ｔ２统计量ＦＴ一一一ｔ２统计量的近似自由度２．２．２数据输入（ＤＡＴＡ语句）世代按Ｐ１，Ｐ２，Ｆ１，Ｆ２，Ｂ１，Ｂ２的顺序，每世代依次为样本容量，     

鸡OVR基因PCR-RFLP检测及其与产蛋性能相关性的研究

[目的]提高鸡的产蛋性能和育种效率。[方法]利用一个已知的鸡OVR基因PCR-RFLP位点,对乌骨鸡、土乌鸡、青脚麻鸡3个群体进行鸡OVR基因PCR-RFLP位点多态性检测,并且分析该RFLPS与一定时期内产蛋数和产蛋总重的关系。[结果]结果表明,在上述群体中均存在RFLPS;不同基因型间的产蛋数、产蛋总重差异不明显。[结论]RFLP广泛存在于不同类型鸡的群体中。但该研究样本量小,观察时间短,因此需扩大样本,延长观察时间,进行更进一步的研究。     

不同施肥量对牛轭草成坪的影响

本研究以牛轭草(Murdannia loriformis (Hassk.) Rolla Rao et KammathyS)为试验材料,通过不同量的氮磷钾施肥的处理,探讨和分析了牛轭草成坪有关形态及生理指标的变化。结果表明：(1)牛轭草的盖度随施肥处理时间的延长而逐渐增加,不同量的施肥处理的牛轭草盖度均高于CK对照处理,且存在显著差异;(2)除氮4水平施肥处理与CK处理分蘖数少且无显著差异外,其他施肥处理均比CK处理分蘖数多,并存在显著差异;(3)各施肥处理下的叶绿素含量均高于CK处理,除了处理3(N1P3N3)、4(N1P4N4)、8(N2P4N3)之外,其他施肥处理的叶绿素含量均与CK处理存在显著差异;(4)各施肥处理的地上部鲜重均比CK处理高,且除处理2、4、5、6、9、12、16之外,其余均与CK存在显著差异;(5)不同施肥量下牛轭草植株株高和叶宽均高于CK处理,但不存在显著差异。     

Study on the Microbial Fermentation Feed Formula and Its Turning Process of Dairy Cows

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of eight microbial fermentation feed formulas and the different turning processes on the yeast viable bacterial number and three kinds of nutritional active substance contents to determine the optimal formula and its turning process.Nine kinds of local agricultural products,such as wheat bran,rice bran,cottonseed meal and corn flour,were used as fermentation materials and eight different formulas were designed by mixture design of DPS.Saccharomyces cerevisiae BC,XR4 and Bacillus subtilis A15 were mixed by 2:2:1 and inoculated in the eight formulas to conduct solid state fermentation.The yeast viable bacterial number and the content of mannan,β-glucan and polypeptide were measured to screen the optimal formula.Basing on the optimal formula,the turning process experiment was conducted.There were three groups:Control group,experimental group 1 and 2.The control group was without turning process,while the feed in the experimental group 1 was turned once and the feed in the experimental group 2 was turned twice.The material temperature,yeast viable bacterial number and three kinds of nutritional active substance contents were measured to determine the optimal turning process.The results showed that:① Formula 8 was the optimized formula which consisted of 8.62% wheat bran,5.85% vinegar residue,20.89% rice bran,12.55% cottonseed meal,11.35% corn flour,7.31% corn bran,1.10% corn residue,25.36% sugar residue,5.35% corn germ meal,1.02% (NH₄)₂SO₄,0.50% KH₂PO₄ and 0.10% MgSO₄.② The best turning process of formula 8 was turning twice during the solid state fermentation.When the material temperature reached 35℃,the first turning was conducted and then when the temperature reached 42℃,the material would be turned again.After that the material continued fermenting until the end.Its optimal indexes were viable bacterial number was 4×10⁵ CFU/g,and the content of mannan,β-glucan and polypeptides were 41.28 mg/100 mg,87.06 mg/100 mg and 10.32 μg/100 mg,respectively.Its improved by 100.00%,3.90%,4.89% and 1.67% separately than the control group and improved by 33.33%,3.07%,3.31% and 0.88% comparing with the experimental group 1.     

物流对农业产业集群发展的影响研究

农业产业集群高效率生产的竞争优势需物流系统的支撑,物流对农业产业集群能够辐射的市场区域大小有很大影响,进行物流对农业产业集群发展的影响研究具有积极意义.对农业产业集群及其物流进行分析,并采用层次分析法分析物流各因素对农业产业集群发展影响的相对重要程度,结果表明物流的专业化程度是影响农业产业集群发展的首要因素.提出农业产业集群与第三方物流从战略适应和功能整合两个维度合作,从而加大第三方物流对农业产业集群发展的推动作用.     

种植密度及留叶数对延边烤烟多酚及石油醚提取物含量的影响

以烤烟(Nicotiana tobacumL.)品种龙江911为试材,于2006~2007年研究了密度、留叶数二因子对烤烟多酚和石油醚提取物含量的影响.结果表明:1)种植密度、留叶数及二者的交互作用对烤烟多酚类物质和石油醚提取物含量的影响均达到了极显著水平;2)随着种植密度的增加,烤烟石油醚提取物、总酚及绿原酸含量表现出先增加后降低的趋势,在同一密度条件下,留叶数对石油醚提取物、总酚及绿原酸含量的影响表现为22片/株>20片/株>18片/株,芸香苷含量与种植密度呈成正比、与留叶数成反比;3)密度16 500株/hm2、留叶数22片/株的处理多酚和石油醚提取物的含量最高,其次为密度16 500株/hm2、留叶数20片/株的处理,而密度19 500株/hm2、留叶数18片/株的处理稍低.     

栽培密度与穴栽苗数对水稻产量的影响

采用不同栽培密度与穴栽苗数对水稻产量的影响进行研究。结果表明,不同栽培密度与穴栽苗数对水稻产量均存在极显著影响,咸宁市水稻种植采用宽窄行,即宽行30.00 cm、窄行16.67 cm、株距16.67 cm,密度为25.8万穴/hm2,每穴栽插2粒谷苗产量最高,达10 588.7 kg/hm2。