QZ泵与框架式泵室在排灌工程中的设计与应用

QZ泵是传统泵型的更新换代产品，最大优点是效率较高并可以实现远程控制，对于安装和吊装维修具有传统水泵不可比拟的优越性，是中小型泵站向现代化方向发展的有效途径；框架式泵室具有结构新颖，受力合理，造价低廉，轻巧美观的特点，与传统的泵室比较可以大大节约土建工程量，二者有机结合，应用于排灌工程中，可以实现工程的优化设计，达到节约，高效的目的，普遍适用于平原圩区低扬程排涝与灌溉的水利工程。     

A portable device to measure soil erosion/deposition in quarter‐drains

Assessment of soil loss/deposition from quarter‐drains (drainage ditches perpendicular to furrows) at specific locations or determining sediment transport within ditch systems following a rainfall event is difficult and time consuming. Automatic samplers are stationary and usually located at the end of plots to assess total sediment loss from a whole area. However, to quantify changes to cross‐sectional areas at specific points within a ditch system, a portable measuring tool is required. To precisely assess soil erosion along the length of a quarter‐drain, a portable device was designed and tested under typical field conditions. One person can effectively operate the device and because of its low cost, it is ideal for cases where budget constraints exist. The tool can measure depths up to 500 mm and easily be modified for usage with large ditches. The device was successfully employed in the spring and summer of 2003 and 2004 where it was utilized after rainfall events to assess soil erosion/deposition from quarter‐drains on sugarcane fields in southern Louisiana.     

排水工程使用UPVC管的发展趋势

本文从UPPC管材的特点出发,讨论了其在排水工程中的应用优点及所存在的问题;并提出了解决这些问题的办法,同时预测了它的发展前景。     

The problem of irrigated horticulture: matching the biophysical efficiency with the economic efficiency

Modern irrigated horticulture provides society with a wide variety of quality produce at a cheap price. Set against this economic efficiency is the leakage of water and nutrients to the environment coupled with degradation of the resource base upon which future production depends. This paper illustrates why we might expect irrigated horticulture to spawn environmental problems related to excess water, excess nutrients and land degradation. The solutions to these problems will entail much more than just better management by farmers. If we cannot manage or engineer away the problems of irrigated horticulture, we must then address the very way the agro- ecosystem functions, in the areas of water and nutrient capture and soil management. This will require the design of new agricultural systems where the sources and sinks of water and nutrients are more evenly matched in time and space. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

热烈庆祝国际灌排委员会成立50年

国际灌排委员会（ICID）1950年6月24日在印度新德里成立。国际灌排委员会是一个国际权威性的学术组织，其宗旨是通过开展国际或地区学术活动、专题讨论会、编写各种出版物等方式，加强国际间学术交流，促进灌溉、排水、防洪与治河事业的发展和科学研究。国际灌排委员会只吸收国家和地区以及有关国际组织为会员，不吸收个人会员。有关国家（或地区）可以组成相应的灌排委员会，提出申请，经国际灌排委员会执行理事会通过后正式入会，并缴纳一定的会费。截至1998年，已有87个国家和地区会员。中国国家灌排委员会（CNCID）作为中国国家代表…     

ANALYSIS AND CALCULATION OF CONDENSATION HEAT TRANSFER ON HORIZONTAL LOW-FINNED TUBE ATTACHED BY A POROUS DRAINAGE STRIP

An analytical model was proposed for the condensation heat transfer on the horizontal low-finned tube attached by a porous drainage strip, and compared with the experimental data with a good agreement. The permeability of the porous drainage strip was also experimentally determined.     

浅沟排水对膜下滴灌条件下“土壤-作物”系统的影响

为探明浅沟排水对膜下滴灌条件下"土壤-作物"系统的影响,以大棚番茄为研究对象,设计不同滴灌定额(200、250和300m3/hm2)及不同的排水沟深度(15和30cm)处理,对不同处理0~20cm土层土壤全盐含量、番茄产量、果实主要品质指标进行了观测,同时采用主成分分析法,对番茄的综合品质进行分析和评估。结果表明,浅沟排水及膜下滴灌条件下0~20cm土壤盐分呈"膜内降低、膜外升高"的趋势;较高灌水量结合较浅的地表排水有利于降低表层土壤盐分,并提高番茄的产量;番茄综合品质随灌水量的增大而降低,总体上随排水沟深度的加深而提高。本研究中,I3D1处理(300m3/hm2滴灌定额+15cm排水沟深度)去盐和增产效果最优,I1D2处理(200m3/hm2滴灌定额+30cm排水沟深度)番茄综合品质最优。     

月亮泡东灌区节水改造技术探讨

灌区是农业发展的骨干,灌区耕地成为灌区内农村居民的衣食之源,其在我国农业产业化以及农村经济发展领域,一直具有不可或缺的功用,尤其是在改善区域内生态环境、水土保持等层面,地位极为重要.本文对月亮泡东灌区节水改造技术加以探究,在阐述灌区改造意义的基础上,重点介绍这一时期月亮泡东灌区节水改造形式,提出一种新型发展方向,即引入现代高新技术、绿色环保、高效低耗、环境友好型的灌区改造发展路径,包括灌区渠道的防渗节水设计、区域内管道输水灌溉设计,以及喷灌技术的应用等.     

改进暗管排水技术淤堵防护措施试验研究

基于室内土柱试验,依据太沙基准则,考虑2种反滤体铺设方式、2种土工布类型以及3种土工布铺设位置,模拟改进暗管排水条件下反滤体或土工布的单一防护措施以及反滤体与土工布结合的组合防护措施下排水流量的衰减过程,得到不同方案的土工布淤堵量及土壤流失量,提出改进暗管排水条件下反滤体及土工布的合理布局。研究结果表明,依据太沙基准则选择改进暗管排水的砂砾石规格是合理可行的;仅在暗管周围铺设土工布的分层和混合反滤体方案对防护土工布淤堵和土壤流失均有较好效果;综合考虑流量衰减过程、土工布淤堵量和土壤流失量,确保改进暗管排水的长期稳定运行,应优先考虑分层反滤体结合暗管周围铺设合理土工布的方案。