白三叶草一种叶斑病病原菌的分离鉴定

明确在山东省聊城市白三叶草上发现的一种叶斑病的病原菌,以期为该病害的防控提供参考.2019年采集山东省聊城市东昌府区具有叶斑病的白三叶叶片,利用组织分离法分离病原菌,并依据柯赫式法则验证致病性.在形态学观察的基础上,对病原菌进行分子生物学鉴定,构建系统发育树,分析其遗传多样性.从发病叶片中分离得到病原菌(标记为SY1)...     

桂林青狮潭水库消落带植物物种及其特性

通过野外调查,筛选出适合桂林青狮潭水库消落带植被重建的植物物种钝叶草和硬骨草,并对这两种植物进行了室内培育,重点研究了所选植物根系的力学特性和水污染吸附特性等,结果表明:钝叶草和硬骨草在恶劣的生态环境中都具有很强的生态适应性,但钝叶草对水质的净化作用优于硬骨草,因此桂林青狮潭水库消落带植被重建的植物物种应以钝叶草为主。     

白车轴草对冬季富营养化水体总磷净化效果研究

冬季是大多数水生植物处于衰亡的时期,植物资源匮乏,不利于植物对富营养化水体的周年净化,因此筛选适合于水生的旱生植物来修复富营养化水体是生态修复的发展方向。采用水盆浮板栽培技术,首次研究了白车轴草(Tri-folium repens Linn.)在冬季对成都犀池富营养化人工湖泊中主要元素磷的净化效果及动态过程,并与凤眼莲(Eichhorniacrassipes Solms.)的净化效果进行了对比。结果表明,浮板白车轴草在试验期间生长良好,对富营养化水体中总磷具有非常明显的净化效果,当投放量为1.25 g/L时,对总磷的去除率48 d内可达80%,并且重复性好,对总磷的去除过程拟合曲线符合三次方程。与凤眼莲相比较,白车轴草在冬季更易存活且对磷的净化效果更佳。     

白三叶草中绿原酸的提取及含量测定

采用70％的甲醇溶液为提取剂,索氏提取法对白三叶草中绿原酸进行提取,HPLC法对其中绿原酸进行检测。Luna C18柱（4．6nml×150mm,5μm）,流动相为乙腈-0．4％磷酸溶液（体积比1：9）,波长327nm,流速1．0mL／min。绿原酸在0．240～3．600μg呈良好线性关系,相关系数r为0．9996。结果表明白三叶草中含有绿原酸且含量较高。     

马蹄金叶斑病发生与室内药剂毒力测定

通过对马蹄金叶斑病病原菌的分离、培养等研究,按照柯赫氏法则确定此病由胶孢炭疽菌和交链孢引起的.室内药剂毒力测定实验表明,保鲜克和百菌清对炭疽菌和交链孢菌丝的扩展蔓延作用较好,代森锌和退菌特对炭疽菌和交链孢的孢子萌发有较好的抑制作用.     

Marker‐assisted parentage analysis reveals high individual selfing rates in tetraploid red clover genotypes selected for seed yield

Seed yield is a major breeding target in tetraploid red clover. We investigated if marker‐assisted parentage analysis can identify progeny plants with two high seed‐yielding parents in tetraploid red clover and if this technique is more advantageous than traditional half‐sib selection. Parentage analysis was successfully performed on the progeny from the 10% highest seed‐yielding genotypes from a second‐cycle family selection trial: 16.0% of progeny were identified with a high seed‐yielding father. However, progeny plants with two high seed‐yielding parents did not produce more seeds than traditionally selected progeny (27.3 g vs. 30.7 g/plant, respectively). The 10% highest seed‐yielding genotypes displayed on average 2% self‐fertilization. Four genotypes were self‐fertile with individual selfing rates up to 20%. Our results discourage the use of marker‐assisted parentage analysis to improve seed yield in tetraploid red clover when the material has been preselected for seed yield. Breeders should be aware that intensive selection for seed yield in tetraploid red clover may inadvertently lead to selection for increased self‐fertility, which may increase inbreeding in the long term.     

Comparing mating designs to restore seed production of interspecific hybrids between Trifolium repens (white clover) and Trifolium uniflorum

Interspecific hybrids between Trifolium uniflorum and cultivated white clover (Trifolium repens) have highly useful characteristics for temperate pastoral systems derived from both parent species. However, the early hybrids (F₁ and BC₁) also have unacceptably poor seed production for commerce. This study analysed the basis for the poor seed production and investigated breeding strategies for overcoming the problem. The BC₁F₁ generation produced lower‐than‐expected numbers of heads per plant and seeds per floret. Backcrossing of selected hybrids to white clover corrected these deficiencies and created new variation. Seed numbers were also returned to near target levels by recurrent selection within the BC₁ generation. Thus, it was possible to retain a theoretical average of 25% of T. uniflorum genome and still achieve high seed production per plant. The BC₁F₂ and BC₂F₁ generations produced high seed numbers per plant, along with reasonable variation. Both of these second‐generation hybrid forms have high reproductive potential and should be the focus for the selection of the desired combinations of agronomic and seed production traits.     

添加槐花粉对白三叶青贮发酵品质的影响

采用单因子随机设计,研究添加不同比例的槐(Sophora japonica)花粉对白三叶(Trifolium repens)青贮发酵品质的影响,以期为槐花应用于青贮饲料生产提供科学依据.分别设置白三叶单独青贮(C)、95％白三叶+5％槐花粉青贮(T1)、90％白三叶+10％槐花粉青贮(T2)、85％白三叶+15％槐花粉...     

豫东地区白三叶草坪昆虫群落调查及分析

对河南省豫东地区主要城市白三叶草坪昆虫群落进行调查,以期为豫东地区白三叶草坪害虫的综合治理提供科学依据。调查鉴定结果表明,豫东地区白三叶草坪昆虫群落包括13目41科93种,其中害虫种类67种,天敌25种,杂食性昆虫1种。害虫的优势种包括中黑盲蝽、大豆蚜、烟粉虱、花蓟马、棉尖卷叶蛾、暗黑鳃金龟、黄斑跳甲、甜菜夜蛾等,不同季节优势种不同,它们是综合治理的主要对象。     

刈割强度对白三叶生长型及生物量的影响

以白三叶为材料,研究刈割强度对白三叶生长型和生物量的影响.当白三叶株高达20 cm时,通过不割、留茬5 cm、留茬3 cm、留茬1 cm的刈割试验后发现,不同刈割留茬高度对白三叶分枝数量、匍匐茎茎长及产量影响均显著.留茬1 cm处理的一级、二级分枝数量均为最高的,分别高达20.33枝/株和50.30枝/株;其次是刈割留茬3 cm处理,分别为18.40枝/株和43.17枝/株,而三级分枝则是留茬3 cm处理数量最高,达到21.37枝/株.随着刈割强度的增加,白三叶匍匐茎茎长呈下降趋势;白三叶地上部分(叶,茎)生物量总体呈现随留茬高度降低先增加后减少的趋势,即留茬高度过高(包括不刈割)和留茬高度过低都会减低产量.表明,留茬3 cm时对白三叶的各项指标为最佳.