改性橙皮对水溶液中Fe2+的吸附性能

以橙皮作为吸附剂研究了橙皮对Fe2+的吸附性能.探讨了溶液pH、初始浓度、投加量及温度等因素对Fe2+吸附效果的影响,采用正交试验法得出橙皮对Fe2+的最佳吸附条件,并对吸附过程进行动力学与热力学研究.结果表明,吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温模式,橙皮对Fe2+的吸附动力学模型符合准二级动力学方程.当pH为5、温度为50℃、投加量为8 g/L、溶液的初始浓度为10 mg/L时,橙皮对Fe2+的吸附效果最佳,废水的pH对吸附效果的影响最大,溶液的初始浓度和吸附温度次之,吸附剂的用量影响最小.     

融安滑皮金桔常温贮藏性状的研究

通过滑皮金桔、滑皮变异、普通金桔三种融安本地金桔常温贮藏试验,观察其外观指数 及品尝其风味,研究融安金桔贮藏性状,为金桔果品产后商品化处理和运输提供技术支持。     

赣南华盛顿脐橙果实发育中几种矿质营养含量动态的研究

赣南红黄壤的土壤条件导致柑橘树体缺素现象比较普遍,而华盛顿脐橙缺素症状并不明显.本文以赣南华盛顿脐橙为试验材料,对其果实发育中果实不同部位(果皮和果肉)的B、Ca、K、Mg和叶片(越冬老叶和当年春梢叶)的B、Ca、K、Mg、Fe、Mn和Zn含量变化进行了对比测定.结果表明:果皮和果肉B含量均于果实膨大期出现显著上升高峰;而对应的Ca含量在幼果期至果实膨大初期相对较高,之后趋明显下降.老叶的B、Ca、Fe和Mn含量均相对稳定,对应春梢叶四者含量均于花后100 d(高温干旱期)出现大幅度下降,之后呈类似的变化趋势;而春梢叶的K、Mg和Zn含量并无此显著下降过程,且老叶的Mg和Zn含量均低于缺乏临界值.     

基于激光拉曼光谱的脐橙内部品质无损检测

论文初步探讨了运用激光拉曼光谱技术来检测脐橙内部品质的方法。应用激光拉曼光谱仪获取脐橙拉曼谱线,通过对拉曼谱线处理与分析得到了预测脐橙果肉糖度和硬度的谱线特征值,以四个谱线特征值为输入参数、脐橙糖度和硬度为输出建立了三层BP神经网络模型。结果表明,模型的糖度预测值与实测值之间的误差总体方差为0.0656,模型的硬度预测值与实测值之间的误差总体方差为0.0062。研究表明,采用激光拉曼光谱技术检测脐橙内部品质是可行的。     

Effect of marinade containing thyme and orange oils on broiler breast fillet and whole wing aerobic bacteria during refrigerated storage

Raw meat typically hosts spoilage organisms and sometimes hosts pathogens; to combat this, natural antimicrobial interventions have gained interest among consumers. In a previous study a marinade containing a thyme-orange essential oils combination (TOC) at the 0.5% level was found to inhibit Salmonella and Campylobacter species. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of a salt-phosphate marinade solution with 0.5% TOC (treatment) or without TOC (control) applied by vacuum tumbling on the shelf life of broiler breast fillets and whole wings. The total aerobic and facultative mesophiles (TAM) occurring naturally on these products during refrigerated storage for 14 d (at 1, 7, 10, and 14 d) were enumerated. A total of 48 (24 for each trial) skinless breast fillets and 48 (24 for each trial) whole wings were used for the 2 trials. For each trial, 12 of the 24 breast fillets or wings were marinated using the control marinade solution and the remaining 12 were marinated in the treatment marinade solution. On d 1, 7, 10, and 14, 3 treatment and 3 control breast fillets and wings were randomly selected for TAM enumeration. Sample rinsates were plated in duplicate and incubated at 35°C for 48 h. Thyme-orange combination marinade significantly reduced TAM numbers on d 1, 7, and 10 compared with the controls. Log reductions of 0.3, 0.9, and 1.1 were recorded on d 1, 7, and 10, respectively. The difference in TAM between the treated and untreated whole wings was not significant. Therefore, 0.5% TOC in marinade can be used as a natural antimicrobial to reduce TAM on skinless breast fillets; however, a higher concentration may be required for skin-on products.     

新城疫病毒D90毒株对肺癌A549细胞生物学特性的研究

本试验采用细胞培养、吖啶橙染色、电镜、流式细胞仪等方法,研究了新城疫D90病毒株对肺癌A549细胞的体外杀伤作用。D90感染的细胞经吖啶橙染色后,可见到典型的细胞凋亡的形态学变化;电镜下可观察到凋亡小体,同时也观察到了典型的坏死细胞;流式细胞仪的分析结果表明,在24h的时间段,病毒的作用机制主要表现为凋亡,在48h时间段内,病毒的作用机制主要表现为坏死。人胎儿肝细胞单层培养物中接种D90后,未观察到细胞病变。结果表明,新城疫D90毒株作用于肺癌A549细胞的机制主要为凋亡与坏死相结合,因此它有期望成为一种有效的抗肿瘤生物制剂。     

以草业为纽带的桔园生态系统及其生态效益研究

在浙西红壤桔园套种牧草,建立以草业为纽带的"桔－草－畜（渔）"复合生态系统,对调节园地小气候、减少水土流失、改良红壤、促进畜渔业发展,具有良好的作用,生态、经济、社会效益明显。     

发酵脐橙粕对番鸭肠道形态结构、肠黏膜免疫功能和微生物多样性的影响

【目的】通过研究发酵脐橙粕对番鸭肠道形态结构、肠黏膜免疫功能和微生物多样性的影响,探究发酵脐橙粕用于番鸭节粮养殖的可行性。【方法】选取健康、体重为(267.33±9.50)g的180只16日龄番鸭,随机分成2组(每组公母各半),每组6个重复,每个重复15只,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂含有100 g/kg发酵脐橙粕的基础饲粮,预饲期7 d,正式试验期48 d。试验结束后,采集番鸭十二指肠组织样品和盲肠内容物。通过HE染色法和免疫组化法检测十二指肠肠道形态学指标和肠黏膜免疫功能指标;采用高通量测序技术对盲肠内容物的微生物16S rDNA进行测序,分析盲肠微生物多样性变化情况。【结果】(1)与对照组相比,100 g/kg发酵脐橙粕可极显著提高番鸭十二指肠的绒毛高度(P<0.01),显著提高绒毛表面积和上皮内淋巴细胞阳性率(P<0.05)。(2)显著物种差异分析结果显示,与对照组相比,饲喂100 g/kg发酵脐橙粕饲粮极显著抑制了番鸭盲肠脱铁杆菌门、厌氧菌科和无胆甾原体等有害菌丰度(P<0.01),极显著提高了黄杆菌属、螺杆菌属和巨单胞菌属等有益菌的丰度(P<0.0...     

基于贝叶斯分析的干热河谷区橙子林冠层蒸腾耗水模拟

需耗水机制是进行农田/果园水分管理和调控的基础。本文聚焦蒸腾耗水机制,基于贝叶斯参数估计方法对比了不同Jarvis-Stewart模型配置对干热河谷区橙子林蒸腾耗水量的模拟效果,探索了Jarvis-Stewart模型在影响因子交互效应较强条件下蒸腾耗水模拟中的适用性。结果表明,考虑不同影响因子及其限制函数会对模拟效果产生较大影响,其中考虑土壤含水率和叶面积指数对模拟效果改善作用明显,而引入饱和水汽压差和气温则不同程度地降低模拟精度;考虑的影响因子越多,模型结构越复杂,模拟效果不一定越好;筛选出的最佳模型结构基本实现了橙子林蒸腾耗水的可靠模拟,但模拟效果仍有明显改进空间,因此,应综合考虑模型复杂程度、模拟精度及不确定性等,进一步探究适宜的模型结构。研究可为果园节水灌溉技术体系建立和水分管理优化提供科学依据,也能为耗水模型的进一步发展和完善提供理论支撑。     

Orange peel fragment improves antioxidant capacity and haematological profile of Nile tilapia subjected to heat/dissolved oxygen‐induced stress

This study evaluated the ability of orange peel fragment (OPF) to act as a functional feedstuff, influencing growth, haematological profile, and antioxidant enzyme activity of Nile tilapia subjected heat/dissolved oxygen‐induced stress (HDOIS). A group of 440 male Nile tilapia (31.7 g ± 0.34) was randomly distributed in 40 250‐L aquaria (11 fish/tank) and fed five practical diets with graded levels of OPF at 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8% for 70 days. The diets were formulated to contain 30% crude protein and 18 MJ/kg crude energy. After the feeding period, growth performance was evaluated and six fish per treatment were sampled for haematological profile and antioxidant enzyme activity, before and after HDOIS. Then, fish were subjected to HDOIS (32°C/2.3 mg/L dissolved oxygen) for three days and the same haematological profile and antioxidant enzyme activity were determined. There was no effect of OPF on the haematological profile, either before or after HDOIS. The polynomial regression model was used to express the relationship between antioxidant enzymes activity and OPF supplementation level. The maximum activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase was reached at 0.66%, 0.63%, and 0.68% of OPF respectively. Results of the present study suggest that a dietary supplementation level of 0.63%–0.68% of orange peel fragment was appropriate to maintain Nile tilapia haematological profile and improve its antioxidant capacity under HDOIS.