结实期土壤水分对水稻产量与品质的影响

以汕优63(杂交籼稻)和武育粳3号(粳稻)为材料,自抽穗至成熟期,设盆钵内土壤水势5个处理为0(对照)、-15、-30、-45、-60kPa,研究了土壤水分对产量和稻米主要品质性状的影响。结果表明,当汕优63土壤水势为-15kPa和-30kPa、武育粳3号土壤水势为-15kPa时,结实率、千粒重和产量较对照显著增加。结实期土壤水分对稻米的出糙率、精米率、粒长/粒宽、直链淀粉含量和粗蛋白含量无显著影响。汕优63土壤水势为-15kPa和-30kPa处理及武育粳3号土壤水势为-15kPa处理的整精米率与对照无显著差异,垩白米率、垩白度和消减值较对照显著降低,淀粉谱的最高粘度和崩解值则显著增加。汕优63土壤水势为-45kPa和-60kPa处理以及武育粳3号土壤水势为-30kPa、-45kPa和-60kPa的处理的结实率、千粒重、产量、整精米率、胶稠度、碱消值、最高粘度和崩解值较对照显著降低,垩白米率、垩白度和消减值较对照显著增加。建议将土壤水势为-15kPa与-30kPa和-15kPa分别作为汕优63和武育粳3号结实期优质高产节水灌溉的低限土壤水势指标。     

THE STRUCTURE SPACE ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN TALL BUILDING OF CHONGQING JIANGBEI COMMERCIAL CENTER

The determination of the structural plan of the main tall building of ChongqingJiangbei Commercial Center is introduced. In anti-seismic analysis,bend-torsion coupling vibrationis compared with plane vibration.Earthquake actions from any different directions for the structureare analysed also.The result of using direct dynamic analysis method is compared with that of usingSRSS method.     

Some Key Technologies and System Development of Distribution Management on Time Limited Consumable

According to the characteristic of Time Limited Consumable and feature of line in Time Limited Consumable, some key technologies of if one studied, including early warning rule of product guarantee period, real time control strategy of available sale quantity when considering products being overdue, distribution pattern integration in Time Limited Consumable, and business process reengineering. On the basis of the above study, distribution management system oriented time limited consumable is constructed and implemented for validation with good effect.     

早熟高产玉米单交种生育特性与产量构成的关系

早熟玉米单交种子粒产量低的主要原因是营养生长期短，形成的叶片少且面积小，光合产物供应不足，从而导致穗部性状的劣化和子粒产量的不稳定性。以早熟为前提子粒高产的育种途径，除配合力选育外，还可以通过提高叶片生长率来实现。通过试验研究提出，在高配合力前提下把具有潜在高灌浆速率的早熟自交系同一定的中晚熟自交系组配单交，不仅可使营养生长期显著延长，同化物供应改善，而且也可使灌浆期显著缩短，从而达到早熟高产的目的。     

品种类型与营养生长积温对小麦穗部性状的影响

大穗型，中间型和多穗型品种具有各自不同的穗、粒、重间的协调平衡关系。以高产为目标，最适穗容量平衡点呈多穗型＞中间型＞大穗型。营养生长基础对群体穗粒重的效应为多穗型＞大穗型＞中间型。穗粒数的增加是提高穗粒得的有效途径，增加小穗数／穗对高结实率品种 有效，减少不孕小穗数／穗对环境敏感型品种效应显著。     

玉米制种花期不遇的原因及预测方法研究

根据玉米杂交制种科研实践，研究分析了玉米杂交制种过程中诸多导致花期不遇的因素，针对性的提出了叶龄预测法和可见叶、未出叶、幼雄穗分化观察法等花期预测的有效方法，对指导玉米制种生产和提高制种量具有重要意义。     

Pharmacokinetics of Eprinomectin in Plasma and Milk following Subcutaneous Administration to Lactating Dairy Cattle

Eprinomectin is only available as a topically applied anthelmintic for dairy cattle. To determine whether eprinomectin can be applied as an injectable formulation in dairy cattle, a novel injectable formulation was developed and was subcutaneously delivered to four lactating dairy cattle at a dose rate of 0.2 mg/ kg. Plasma and milk samples were collected. The concentrations of eprinomectin in all samples were determined by HPLC. The peak plasma concentration (C_max)of 44.0±24.2 ng/ml occurred 39±19.3 h after subcutaneous administration, equivalent to the C_max (43.76±18.23 ng/ml) previously reported for dairy cattle after a pour-on administration of 0.5 mg/kg eprinomectin. The area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) after subcutaneous administration was 7354±1861 (ng h)/ml, higher than that obtained after pour-on delivery (5737.68±412.80 (ng h)/ml). The mean residence time (MRT) of the drug in plasma was 211±55.2 h. Eprinomectin was detected in the milk at the second sampling time. The concentration of drug in milk was parallel to that in plasma, with a milk to plasma ratio of 0.16±0.01. The highest detected concentration of eprinomectin in milk was 9.0 ng/ml, below the maximum residue limit (MRL) of eprinomectin in milk established by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives in 2000. The amount of eprinomectin recovered in the milk during this trial was 0.39%±0.08% of the total administered dose. This study demonstrates that subcutaneous administration of eprinomectin led to higher bioavailability and a lower dose than a pour-on application, and that an injectable formulation of eprinomectin may be applied in dairy cattle with a zero withdrawal period.     

116份藜麦种质资源萌发期抗旱性综合评价

采用不同浓度的PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫,对黑藜（黑粒）、青海红（红粒）、柴达木红（红粒）、雪藜（白粒）和青藜1号（白粒）等3个类型的116份藜麦品种进行干旱胁迫试验,确定藜麦萌发期适宜抗旱性鉴定的浓度,并对不同类型藜麦种质资源进行萌发期抗旱鉴定。以发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、芽长、根长、鲜质量和萌发耐旱指数等8个萌发期相关指标为依据,采用主成分分析法、隶属函数法和聚类分析法对参试藜麦种质的抗旱性进行综合评价及分类。结果表明：20% PEG-6000可以作为胁迫试验的适宜浓度;采用此浓度对116份不同来源的藜麦种质资源进行萌发期抗旱性鉴定和各指标值的测定,再结合主成分分析和隶属函数法计算不同藜麦品种的加权隶属函数值,并以此进行抗旱性强弱排序;通过聚类分析将参试材料分为3大类群,其中第2大类群第1亚类群（Ⅱ₁）的29个藜麦品种抗旱性较好,可以作为后期抗旱品种培育的基础材料。     

Surface runoff processes and sustainable utilization of water resources in Manas River Basin, Xinjiang, China

Water is the important resource to guarantee the existence and development of oases in arid areas. To improve the utilization efficiency of water resources in Manas River Basin, this paper investigated the trends and periods of runoff based on the runoff and climate data for the past 50 years. Subsequently, with the socioeconomic and water resources data, we studied a comprehensive evaluation on the water security in this area. The results indicated that the stream flows in the three hydrological stations of Hongshanzui, Kensiwat and Bajiahu have significantly increased and undergone abrupt changes, with periods of 18 and 20 years. According to assessment, water security in the Manas River Basin was at an unsafe level in 2008. In criterion layer, the ecological security index and the index of supply-demand situation are both at the relatively secure level; the quantity index and socioeconomic index of water resources are at the unsafe level and basic security level, respectively. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable economic and social development within the Manas River Basin, it is vital to take a series of effective measures to improve the status of water security.     

不同供应时期氮素形态对烤烟生长及养分吸收的影响

通过水培方法研究了在烟草不同生育时期供应不同形态氮素对烤烟生长、烟叶氮、钾吸收、分配的影响。结果表明,无论是在六叶一心时还是在十二叶一心时进行氮素形态处理,各氮素形态均表现出随着溶液中硝态氮含量的提高,烟株的生物量、钾吸收量、叶片钾含量均呈现增高的趋势;在六叶一心时处理各指标在各氮素形态之间呈现出显著差异,在十二叶一心时处理,硝酸铵和硝态氮处理间差异不显著,并且十二叶一心时处理烟株各项指标均高于六叶一心处理。因此建议在烟株生长到一定时期可以减少硝态氮肥的用量,追施部分硝酸铵,增加铵态氮肥的用量,以减少农民化肥投入成本。