黑小麦新品种新春36号的选育·特征特性·栽培技术

[目的]针对新疆黑小麦(Triticom aestivom L.)选育、推广的空白,介绍黑小麦新品种新春36号的选育过程及特征特性,并提出期高产栽培技术,以增加粮食作物的经济效益,调整种植结构。[方法]通过分析新春36号的植物学特性、产量表现、抗逆性和品质,探讨其生产潜力和推广价值。[结果]新疆生产建设兵团农十三师农业科学研究所2000年以普通春小麦21-6为母本,外引黑小麦为父本进行杂交,通过多代单株定向选择,2006年选育出小麦新品系1-14-4-9,2007～2008年参加品系鉴定试验,2009～2010年参加新疆自治区春小麦区域试验和生产示范,2011年8月通过新疆自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定,命名为新春36号。该品种富含多种矿质元素、维生素、氨基酸等,产量与对照新春6号接近,产值比普通春小麦高,适合在东疆、北疆春麦区种植。[结论]新春36号综合性状表现优良,推广应用前景广阔。     

半滑舌鳎trim36基因cDNA克隆及表达分析

三重基序蛋白(the tripartite motif-containing protein,TRIM)家族是一类结构保守、进化快速的E3泛素蛋白连接酶,参与诸多重要的生命过程.TRIM36是TRIM家族的一员,trim36编码E3泛素蛋白连接酶.本研究在已完成的半滑舌鳎(Cynoglossus semilaevis)全基因组测序及转录组测序的基础上,利用RACE技术克隆得到半滑舌鳎trim36基因(GenBank登录号:KU244470),序列全长为2 899 bp,其中ORF为2 214 bp,编码737个氨基酸,5’非翻译区(untranslated regions,UTR)为289 bp,3'UTR为396 bp.生物信息学分析显示,半滑舌鳎TRIM36蛋白包含1个锌指结构,2个B-BOX类型锌指蛋白结构域(B-Box-typezinc finger,BBOX),1个卷曲螺旋结构,1个羧基末端的纤连蛋白Ⅲ(fibronectin typeⅢ,FN3)结构域和1个双特异性蛋白激酶spla和兰尼碱受体(spla kinase and ryanodine receptor,SPRY)结构域.此外,在不同脊椎动物中,trim36基因与其邻近的基因具有保守的共线性关系.半定量RT-PCR及qRT-PCR结果显示,在半滑舌鳎不同组织中,trim36基因表达存在差异.trim36在卵巢中表达量最高,其次为雌、雄鱼的脑中;不同发育时期中,trim36基因在120日龄半滑舌鳎性腺中开始表达,且卵巢表达量显著高于精巢(P＜0.05).原位杂交结果显示,trim36基因杂交信号主要出现在Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期卵母细胞.trim36时空表达特征表明,其在卵巢腔的形成及Ⅰ期、Ⅱ期卵母细胞的形成中起重要作用.结果表明,trim36在性别发生方面有一定的作用,这为进一步研究鱼类ttim36基因功能及TRIM家族基因功能提供线索和参考.     

温湿度对枯草芽胞杆菌B36菌株可湿性粉剂防治番茄灰霉病效果的影响

本文研究了温湿度对枯草芽胞杆菌B36菌株可湿性粉剂防治番茄灰霉病效果的影响。结果表明：枯草芽胞杆菌B36菌株可湿性粉剂在相对湿度90%时,对番茄灰霉病保护和治疗效果最高,分别达82.9%和61.63%;在相对湿度100%时,对番茄灰霉病保护和治疗效果最差,分别达32.87%和31.63%。当相对湿度为90%,温度在30 ℃∥20 ℃条件下,对番茄灰霉病的保护和治疗效果分别为82.48%和63.01%;温度在25 ℃∥15 ℃条件下,对番茄灰霉病的保护和治疗效果分别为45.06%和23.85%。表明湿度及温度对枯草芽胞杆菌B36菌株可湿性粉剂防治番茄灰霉病的效果具有较大影响。     

脂肪酸移位酶CD36/SR-B2及其介导的长链脂肪酸跨膜转运

长链脂肪酸是维持机体正常代谢的重要营养素,其吸收、转运和代谢对动物的健康、生长和生产具有重要意义。近年来,研究发现一些脂肪酸转运蛋白介导长链脂肪酸的跨膜转运。脂肪酸移位酶CD36/SR-B2是一种整合膜蛋白,能特异性介导脂肪酸在多种细胞中的跨膜转运。本文对CD36/SR-B2的由来、亚细胞定位、功能调控及其介导的长链脂肪酸跨膜转运进行概述,探讨其对脂质代谢的调控机制。     

优质玉米杂交种晋单36号的选育与推广

晋单 36号由山西省农科院作物所与中国农科院作物所于 1993年合作育成。 1994～ 1996年参加各类试验 ,表现优质、高产、多抗 ,适宜春播中晚熟区水地推广种植 ,公顷留苗密度 4 5 0 0 0株。制种时父母本行比 1∶4种植 ,母本播后 7d播父本     

二聚脂肪酸混合物合成环氧树脂研究

通过丙烯海松酸(APA)和二聚脂肪酸(DA)按一定比例混合,与环氧氯丙烷(ECH)进行酯化反应、闭环反应,合成了APA与DA复合环氧树脂.重点研究了酯化阶段反应温度、反应时间及催化剂用量等影响因素;闭环阶段反应温度、碱的形态及ECH用量对闭环反应的影响.在适宜的合成条件和配比下,每100 g环氧树脂环氧值为 0.26 eq,粘度(40 ℃)为530 mPa·s,酸值为0.3 mg/g.对原料与产物环氧树脂红外光谱进行了分析对比.     

Insulin‐independent actions of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 in wethers

Insulin‐independent actions of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) are not yet clear in ruminants. Four Suffolk mature wethers (60.0 ± 6.7 kg body weight (BW)) were intravenously infused with insulin (0.5 mU/kg BW/min; from 0 to 90 min) and GLP‐1 (0.5 μg/kg BW/min; from 60 to 150 min) with both hormones co‐administered from 60 to 90 min, in a repeated‐measure design under euglycemic clamp for 150 min, to investigate whether GLP‐1 has insulin‐independent actions. Jugular blood samples were taken at 15‐min intervals for plasma hormones and metabolites analysis. Compared to baseline concentrations (at 0 min), insulin infusion decreased (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations of glucagon, non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFA), lactate, nonessential amino acids (NEAA), branched‐chain amino acids (BCAA), total amino acids (TAA) and urea nitrogen (UN). Insulin plus GLP‐1 infusion induced a greater increase (P < 0.05) in plasma concentrations of insulin and triglyceride (TG), but decreased (P < 0.05) glucagon, total cholesterol (T‐Cho), NEAA and UN plasma concentrations. GLP‐1 infusion increased (P < 0.05) NEFA, β‐hydroxybutyrate and TG, but decreased (P < 0.05) glucagon, T‐Cho, NEAA, BCAA and UN plasma concentrations. In conclusion, GLP‐1 exerts extrapancreatic roles in ruminants not only insulin‐independent but probably, in contrast to non‐ruminants, antagonistic to insulin effects.     

Relationship between histone H3K36 trimethylation and acute renal injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion

AIM: To observe the expression change of H3K36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) in acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by ischemia/reperfusion (IR) and analyze its correlation with SMYD2 and renal injury, and to provide a new target for clinical treatment of IR-AKI. METHODS: The ICR mice (n=30) were randomly divided into IR group (n=15) and sham operation group (sham group, n=15). The AKI model was established by clamping bilateral renal pedicles for 45 min. The serum and renal tissues of the mice were collected after the model was established for 24 h. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCr) were detected by biochemical method. The pathological changes of the kidney were observed by HE staining. The changes of NGAL and cleaved caspase-3 were observed by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The protein levels of NGAL, SMYD2, H3K36me3, p-P53, P53, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, STAT3, p-STAT3, JNK and p-JNK1/2/3 in the renal tissues were determined by Western blot. The relationship between H3K36me3 and SMYD2/NGAL was analyzed by Pearson correlation method. RESULTS: Compared with sham group, BUN and SCr levels of the mice in IR group were significantly increased (P<0.05). HE staining showed significant edema, abscission and necrosis in renal tubular epithelial cells of the micc in IR group, and abscission of brush border and large amount of cell debris in the lumen were also observed. The IHC staining results showed that the protein levels of NGAL and cleaved caspase-3 in IR group were significantly increased. The results of Western blot showed that the protein levels of NGAL, SMYD2, H3K36me3, p-P53, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, STAT3, p-STAT3, JNK and p-JNK1/2/3 in IR group were significantly up-regulated (P<0.05), while the Bcl-2 levels were significantly down-regulated (P<0.05). The correlation analysis showed that H3K36me3 was positively correlated with the levels of SMYD2 and NGAL. CONCLUSION: H3K36me3 is closely related to SMYD2 and renal injury in IR-AKI mice, and the up-regulated expression of H3K36me3 may be involved in the regulation of IR-AKI occurrence and development together with the activation of STAT3 and JNK signaling pathways.     

晚糯稻突变体新品种浙糯36的选育研究

采用60 Coγ射线 2 0 0Gy辐照处理 (晚粳“丙 92 1 2 4” 晚糯“绍糯选”)F2 干种子 ,经多代筛选获得晚糯稻突变体ZH2 0 6。ZH2 0 6经试种表现为产量高、籽粒大且品质优。 2年、2地区域试验比对照平均增产 9 4% ;籽粒较双亲明显增大 ,千粒重较母本丙 92 1 2 4重 4 1g ,较父本绍糯选重 3 6g ,千粒重达 30g以上。糯性优于对照祥湖 84,更优于亲本绍糯选。 2 0 0 3年通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定 ,命名为“浙糯 36” ,成为近 2 0年来在浙江省 (市 )级晚粳糯稻区域试验中 ,增产幅度和籽粒均达到最大的晚糯稻审定品种。该品种的选育成功表明辐射诱变同步改良糯稻多个性状的可能性与有效性。     

采用空间诱变技术选育特早熟晚粳新品种航天36

利用返回式卫星搭载晚粳品种丙1067进行空间诱变处理,诱变后代结合抗性鉴定和糙米外观品质鉴定,育成优质特早熟晚粳新品种航天36。航天36在熟期、米质和抗病性上比原始对照品种丙1067有明显改良,耐迟播性强,从正常的单季播期可以一直持续到7月底,是理想的救灾备灾品种。2006年该品种通过浙江省品种审定委员会审定,适用于浙江省及长江中下游稻区。航天36的选育成功表明空间诱变为同步改良晚粳稻多个性状提供了新的有效途径。