杨树固沙林密度、配置与林木生长过程的关系

在科尔沁沙地证明低覆盖度行带式固沙林具有显著的防风效果后,进一步对雨养条件下杨树(赤峰-36号)固沙林的密度、配置及林木生长过程与林龄的动态关系进行研究.结果表明: 1)1～5 a林木的生长基本不受密度的影响,密度大单位面积材积量大;6～11 a是密度对林木生长的显著影响阶段,杨树固沙林的胸径、株高和材积量的增长率随林龄增大而逐年加快;大约在11 a之后趋于稳定;单位活立木蓄积最大(153.39 m3·hm-2)的固沙林密度是825株·hm-2,其他密度按蓄积大小排序依次为540株·hm-2、420株·hm-2和1 215株·hm-2;2)边缘林木的平均胸径和单株材积量分别比林内高20%～70%和90%～260%,且低密度林分的边缘林木的生长优势比高密度林分边缘林木的生长优势更加明显;3)同密度(500株·hm-2)13 a的一行一带式固沙林,其胸径、树高和材积量分别比等株行距的片林高37.4%、17.4%和81%;而10 a的两行一带式的胸径、树高和材积量分别比等株行距的片林高19.8%、16.2%和64.8%,说明行带式配置还具有生物生产力优势.     

Localization of thrombospondin‐1 and its receptor CD36 in the ovary of the ostrich (Struthio camelus)

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre‐existing vasculature, plays a decisive role for the rapid growth of avian follicles. Compared to mammals, few data on the angiogenesis in the avian ovary are available. However, whereas several pro‐angiogenic factors in the avian ovary have been recently studied in detail, little information is available on the localization of anti‐angiogenic factors. The aim of this study was to determine the localization and possible function of the anti‐angiogenic factor thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1) and its receptor CD36 in the ovary of the ostrich using immunohistochemistry and to correlate the results with ultrastructural data. Whereas the oocytes and granulosa cells of all follicular stages were negative for TSP‐1, myofibroblasts of the theca externa and smooth muscle cells of blood vessels showed distinct reactions. A distinctly different staining pattern was observed for CD36. The oocytes were CD36 negative. No immunostaining for CD36 could be observed neither in the granulosa cells nor in the adjacent theca interna of vitellogenic follicles. In the theca externa, blood vessels protruding towards the oocyte showed CD36‐positive endothelial cells. In conclusion, a fine balance between angiogenic and anti‐angiogenic processes assures that a dense net of blood vessels develops during the rapid growth of a selected follicle. Anti‐angiogenic molecules, such as TSP‐1 and its receptor CD36 may, after the oocyte has reached its final size, inhibit further angiogenesis and limit the transport of yolk material to the mature oocyte. By this mechanism, the growth of the megalecithal oocyte during folliculogenesis may cease.     

Serum level of apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage in dogs with histiocytic sarcoma and its association with the disease

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare neoplasm of macrophages or dendritic cells with a poor prognosis in dogs. As the apoptosis inhibitor of macrophage (AIM) is characteristically expressed in canine macrophages, we hypothesised that AIM is involved in the development or progression of HS in dogs. In this study, AIM expression in the tumour region and serum AIM levels in dogs with HS was assessed. Additionally, the effects of AIM overexpression on HS cell viability were investigated using a HS cell line that was selected from five validated HS cell lines. Immunohistochemistry showed that AIM expression was observed in the cytoplasm of the HS cells. CD36, a candidate AIM receptor, was also observed on the cell membrane of HS cells. When the serum AIM level was detected in 36 dogs with HS and 10 healthy dogs via western blot analysis, the AIM levels in the HS dogs were significantly higher than those in the controls. AIM mRNA expression in the 5 HS cell lines varied but was higher than that in the other tumour-derived lines. Among the five HS cell lines, DH82 originally had lower AIM and the highest CD36 expression. When AIM was overexpressed in DH82, therein cell growth speed and invasion, apoptosis inhibition and phagocytic activity were strongly upregulated. These data suggest that elevated intra-tumour expression of AIM could induce the progression of HS cells in dogs. Moreover, elevated serum AIM levels in dogs with HS could serve as a biomarker of HS.     

早熟高糖易收获甘蔗新品种桂糖36的选育

桂糖36（原名：桂糖03-1403,亲系：ROC23xCP84-1198）中至中大茎,发芽出苗好,分蘖能力特强,发株率高,早生快发,前、中期生长快,后期生长势优,特早熟、特高糖、高产、宿根性好、极易脱叶或自动脱叶,适应于中等水肥条件栽培。甘蔗蔗糖分15．58％,较对照种新台糖22（14．44％）增1．14％;产蔗量86．64t／hm2,与新台糖22（88．29t／hm2）相近;含糖量13．52t／hm2,较新台糖22（12．71t／hm2）增加6．37%。     

优质高产玉米新品种通单248选育·特征特性·栽培技术

[目的]为通单248的推广应用提供科学依据。[方法]通单248是通化市农业科学研究院玉米研究所于2010年育成的玉米(Zeamays L.)新品种,组合为通1643×通1922。介绍其选育经过、特征特性和高产栽培技术,以揭示其推广潜力及应用价值。[结果]该品种在吉林省2008～2009年玉米区域试验和生产试验中表现出丰产稳产性好、品质优良、抗逆性好、适应性广等特点,全生育期128 d,需≥10℃积温2 550℃左右,属中熟品种。[结论]通单248具有较好的应用前景。     

Bacillus subtilis γ-DES36纤溶酶发酵条件的优化研究

以高活性纤溶酶突变株Bacillus subtilis γ-DES36为发酵菌株,研究其纤溶酶液体发酵的最佳工艺条件。通过对不同接种量、碳源、氮源、碳氮比、表面活性剂、金属离子等单因素研究,使用麦芽糖和胰胨时纤溶酶活性达2900IU／mL左右。为了降低成本,使用廉价的碳氮源麸皮和豆粕粉。正交试验得到该菌株产纤溶酶的优化液体发酵条件为：麸皮1％,麦芽糖1％,胰胨0．25％,豆粕粉1．5％,吐温400．15％,酵母膏0．1％,K2HPO4 0．25％,KH2PO4 0．1％,复合无机盐0．2mL／（100mL）,接种量1％,发酵液纤溶酶酶活达到2300IU／mL。     

绵羊微卫星OarJL36和FecB基因的多态及连锁分析

 【目的】阐明微卫星座位OarJL36与小尾寒羊高繁殖力主效基因FecB之间的连锁关系,为绵羊高繁殖力的标记辅助选择提供依据。【方法】分析与FecB基因最紧密连锁的微卫星座位OarJL36在高繁殖力绵羊品种（小尾寒羊和湖羊）与低繁殖力绵羊品种（特克塞尔和多赛特）中的遗传多态性,探讨该微卫星与小尾寒羊FecB基因的连锁不平衡关系。【结果】高繁殖力小尾寒羊和湖羊在骨形态发生蛋白受体IB（bone morphogenetic protein receptor IB,BMPR-IB）基因编码序列第746位碱基处发生了与Booroola Merino绵羊相同的FecB突变（A746G）,低繁殖力特克塞尔和多赛特绵羊则未发生这种突变;小尾寒羊BB、B+、++型频率分别为0.500、0.386和0.114,湖羊BB、B+、++型频率分别为0.800、0.200和0.000;微卫星座位OarJL36在4个绵羊品种463个个体中共检测到10个等位基因和31种基因型,最小等位基因为160 bp,最大等位基因为200 bp;182 bp等位基因在小尾寒羊（n = 308）和湖羊（n = 60）中处于优势等位基因,频率分别为0.696和0.925,在特克塞尔（n = 47）和多赛特绵羊（n = 48）中的频率分别为0.085和0.125,在BB型小尾寒羊（n = 154）和BB型湖羊（n = 48）中该等位基因频率更高,分别为0.916和0.938,而在++型小尾寒羊（n = 35）中的频率为0.129;OarJL36在小尾寒羊、湖羊、特克塞尔、多赛特以及BB、B+、++型小尾寒羊和BB、B+型湖羊中的多态信息含量分别为0.475、0.139、0.661、0.768、0.152、0.588、0.843、0.115和0.212;连锁不平衡分析显示小尾寒羊FecB基因B等位基因与OarJL36微卫星座位182 bp等位基因之间存在较强的连锁关系,但仍有一定的重组（D′=0.614）,而+等位基因与OarJL36微卫星座位上的160、192、196、200 bp等位基因完全连锁（D′=1.000）。【结论】OarJL36微卫星座位182 bp等位基因与小尾寒羊FecB基因B等位基因之间存在较强的连锁关系,是与小尾寒羊多羔主效基因紧密连锁的一个遗传标记。