7种乔木对SO_2清除能力的定量评价

本文采用基于ArcView软件的CITYgreen模型,以东北林业大学哈尔滨实验林场为例,结合航片判读与实地调查,对哈尔滨市7种主要乔木树种对SO2的清除能力进行了定量评价。结果表明：糖械对SO2的清除能力最强。其次是白桦。最弱的落叶阔叶树种为水曲柳。针叶树种对SO2的清除能力普遍低于阔叶树种。随着树木的生长其清除能力有逐步增强的趋势,其清除量增加的强度在生长旺期最大,以后其强度逐渐渐弱。     

林业经济信息集成平台的构建

本文通过介绍基于J2EE技术框架的林业经济信息系统的构建,指出了为林业经济信息的集成与共享提供一个基础平台的重要作用与意义,以及其构建的方法与步骤。     

1,1—二甲基—7—异丙基—1,2,3,4—四氢萘—6—磺酸钠的合成

文章探讨了１，１－二甲基－７－异丙基－１，２，３，４－四氢萘－６－磺酸钠合成的磺化工艺。通过实验室的试验，确定了适宜的工艺条件，１，１－二甲基－７－惜内基－１，２，３，４，－四四氢萘与浓度硫酸的配比为１：１０．５（ｍｏｌ比），反应温度９０±２℃，反应时间２０ｍｉｎ，产品得率达８０．３％。同时测定了产物表面活性性能，可用作表面活性剂。     

高CO2和纯N2冲击处理对板栗货架期品质变化的影响

以‘燕昌’板栗为试材,研究了经180d冷藏的板栗出库前分别用50％CO2和纯N2冲击处理对板栗货架期品质的影响。结果表明：50％CO2和纯N2处理对板栗货架期内糖代谢有显著影响,对蛋白质代谢影响不大。50％CO2处理5d以及纯N2处理5d和10d有利于板栗淀粉的保存。50％CO2处理可明显降低板栗的发芽率和腐烂率,货架期结束时,冲击处理5d和10d的板栗发芽率分别为2．07％和3．65％,显著低于对照(18．06％),腐烂率均为2．67％,显著低于对照(5．33％),而纯N2处理则显著促进板栗发芽,且不能有效控制腐烂的发生。研究证明：50％CO2冲击处理5d既能使板栗保持较好的货架期品质,又能显著抑制发芽及腐烂。     

长期低浓度SO2对油桐保护系统功能的影响

对长期低浓度SO2处理后油桐叶片中保护系统的功能进行了测定.结果表明,SO2熏气超过100 d后,油桐体内的乙醇酸氧化酶的活性水平明显提高;叶片中的自由基含量增加;过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶的活性明显增强;同时过氧化物同工酶的谱带增加了4条;SOD的活性明显增强.这些变化表明,长期低浓度SO2处理后引起了油桐体内保护系统增强,但是不足以完全消除SO2对油桐的伤害,表现为油桐生长缓慢.     

浙江省42种园林绿化植物对SO2气体的抗性及吸收能力研究

采用人工熏气法对浙江省42种园林绿化植物对SO2气体的抗性及吸收能力进行了研究。通过系统聚类分析方法,将参试植物的抗性及吸收能力划分为弱、较弱、中等、较强和强5个等级。结果显示,42种植物对SO2的抗性和吸收能力均有较大差异,抗性最强的是常春藤,其熏气持续时间是抗性最弱植物天师栗的9.5倍;绝对吸收能力最强的和最弱的分别为杨梅4 805.54 mg·kg-1和华棕14.03 mg·kg-1。     

Genetic diversity of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) populations in northeastern and northwestern China as revealed by ISSR markers

As a N₂-fixing tree species, sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) is well adapted to arid regions and is utilized for multiple purposes in China. Current knowledge of genetic variability of H. rhamnoides is limited in terms of rangewide distributions. Eleven natural populations of sea buckthorn in northeastern and northwestern China were analyzed to detect genetic variation among and within populations, by use of ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeats) markers. Using eight primers, 207 polymorphic loci were observed, ranging in size from 250 to 2500 bp. The coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst = 0.0679) showed that the total molecular variance of 11 populations was mainly existed within populations. The genetic variation within and among the 11 populations was 93.21 and 6.79%, respectively. No significant correlation between genetic and geographic distances of the populations was found using ISSR markers. Our study provides a population-level genetic profile for further investigation and conservation of genetic diversity of sea buckthorn.     

温度对大叶桃花心木(Swietenia macrophylla King)幼苗叶片的光合影响

本文研究了大叶桃花心木（Swietenia macrophylla King）一年生幼苗在经过夜温处理后的光响应曲线和在饱和光强下的CO2反应曲线.结果表明:在大气CO2浓度下,叶片的最佳光合作用温度在25-31℃之间,而在饱和CO2浓度下为31-35℃.在25℃以下光合速率开始降低,主要是由于羧化效率的降低,而当温度超过31℃时,光合速率下降,是因为羧化效率的降低和呼吸速率的增加.CO2浓度对光合的促进作用在低温下受到抑制,这意味着未来在CO2浓度增高的情况下,高浓度的CO2对热带常绿植物光合的促进在冬天低温情况下表现不十分明显.图4参23.     

Difference in cutting age for highest profit by methods for calculating CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> emission trading and the price of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>

 The amounts of CO₂ that are absorbed and emitted by forest in a model stand area were determined using two calculation methods, namely the flow approach and the stock approach for emission trading, to understand the relationships between the cutting age for the highest profit rate (CAHPR; optimum tree ages to be cut so as to maximize the profit) and (1) the prices of CO₂ and (2) the balance between CO₂ emission and absorption. The resultant CAHPR differed between these two CO₂ accounting methods, which give different tree ages for maximum log volume yield. A rise in CO₂ price caused the CAHPR to approach the tree age of maximum log volume in the flow approach method, and to deviate from the tree age of maximum log volume in the stock approach method. Even at the same CO₂ price, the CAHPR differed between the CO₂ accounting methods. At low CO₂ prices, the CAHPR did not affect situations where the difference of average profit is large by cutting age. On the other hand, the CAHPR was greatly affected at low CO₂ prices when the mean log volume growth changed with tree age. These trends were found to be universal. Received: September 18, 2001 / Accepted: October 25, 2002 Acknowledgments This study is one of the fifth science study subsidy projects of the Japan Forest Technology Association. Correspondence to:K. Sakata     

木聚糖超滤脱盐废水的电化学降解研究

用RuO2-Ti网作为阳极，Ti网为阴极对木聚糖超滤脱盐废水进行电氧化反应。结果表明：采用电化学法处理木聚糖超滤脱盐废水，使废水的色度、CODcr和BOD5由原来的1400倍、5160mg／L和l820mg／L降为50倍、150mg／L和100mg／L，达到国家排放标准。同时通过紫外光谱图探讨了电化学氧化作用的机理。