不同浓度甘油和pH对DEAE-纤维素柱分离伊氏锥虫效果的影响

在不同ｐＨ条件下以不同浓度甘油破坏鼠红细胞后,用ＤＥＡＥ－５２纤维素柱层析分离纯化伊氏锥虫（Ｔｒｙｐａｎｏｓｏｍａｅｖａｎｓｉ）,结果表明在ｐＨ７．４时,２０％甘油能溶解大约９５％的大、小鼠红细胞;经此处理后,对Ｔ．ｅｖａｎｓｉ的回收率和活力无不良影响,可明显提高其分离纯化效果。作者还观察了渗透压和ｐＨ条件改变对Ｔ．ｅｖａｎｓｉ的影响。     

Effects of dietary butyrate supplementation on intestinal integrity of heat‐stressed cockerels

Butyrate modulates intestinal epithelial cell structure and function. Three hundred and sixty Lohmann LSL‐Classic layer cockerels were used to investigate the effect of butyrate on heat stress‐induced intestinal injury and intestinal integrity. The experiment was conducted from day 85 to 105 of age. The birds were divided randomly into three treatments: control, heat stress (HS), and heat stress provided with butyrate (HSB) at a level of 0.35 g/kg of diet. The control was reared at 21 ± 1 °C throughout the experiment. The HS and HSB treatments were exposed to a cyclic HS (35 ± 1 °C from 09:00 to 13:00 and 21 ± 1 °C from 13:00 to 09:00). Intestinal and mucosal weights, villus height, villus surface area (VSA), absorptive epithelial cell area and intestinal beneficial bacteria were lower in the HS treatment than in the other two treatments (p < 0.05). Heat‐stressed cockerels exhibited the highest (p < 0.05) villi injury scores and serum endotoxin levels compared with the other treatments. Dietary inclusion of butyrate increased (p < 0.05) intestinal and mucosal weights, villus height, VSA, absorptive epithelial cell area and intestinal beneficial bacteria counts and reduced (p < 0.05) HS‐induced injury in intestinal epithelia as well as intestinal permeability to endotoxin. In conclusion, dietary butyrate exerted protective effects against intestinal damage induced by HS and improved intestinal health and integrity.     

豫州褐壳蛋鸡各品系主要经济性状间的相关分析

本文用多变量相关分析和通径分析方法，对豫州褐壳蛋鸡５个品系产蛋性能方面的性状进行相关分析，结果表明，将开产日龄，４０周龄平均蛋重和４０周龄产蛋数，作为蛋鸡早期选种指标是适宜的。     

双毛细管柱气相色谱法测定水样中多种有机磷农药残留量

水样中19种有机磷农药残留经乙腈萃取,采用双毛细管柱、双火焰光度检测器进行测定。测定结果19种有机磷农药回收率为66.32%~117.2%,相对标准偏差为1.50%~15.89%,检出限0.06~0.30μg.L-1。     

C_(18)键合磁珠固相萃取-液质联用检测蜂王浆中磺胺二甲嘧啶残留

[目的]建立一种应用C18键合磁珠固相萃取-液质联用检测蜂王浆中磺胺二甲嘧啶残留的方法。[方法]MCX固相萃取小柱联合C18磁珠对蜂王浆进行前处理,用HPLC-串联质谱仪对净化后样本进行检测。[结果]该方法的线性范围是5～80μg/kg,相关系数0.993 1。添加水平为5、10、20μg/kg时各种化合物的平均回收率范围为93%～104%,RSD值均不大于11.3%。[结论]该方法简单、快速,结合自动化设备,可实现蜂王浆样品中磺胺二甲嘧啶测定前处理的自动化。     

褐飞虱迁飞轨迹研究

借鉴现代统计－天气理论中的大气传输与扩散模型，对褐飞虱秋季回迁的轨迹进行模拟，计算了回迁昆虫在高空１０００ｍ和１５００ｍ的迁飞轨迹，通过对比分析，发现两高度的轨迹在迁飞方向、迁飞速度和迁飞距离上存在着较大的差异；通过对迁飞风场和迁温度场的分析，进一步证实了１０００ｍ高度的迁飞轨迹模拟能够更直接、更准确地反映出昆虫迁飞的实际情况，同时对导致１０００ｍ和１５００ｍ两高度轨迹差异的环流进行了归类，定性地     

9种蔬菜基质中14种有机磷农药残留基质效应比较

选择9种蔬菜基质对14种有机磷农药在气相色谱-FPD上的基质效应进行了初步研究。比较了9种蔬菜基质对14种农药在0.05、0.1、0.2mg.L-13个质量浓度水平下的基质效应,通过比较,发现这9种蔬菜对14种农药均存在不同程度的基质增强效应或者基质减弱效应,基质效应的强弱和农药的浓度之间没有很强的关联,与蔬菜的种类和农药的结构、极性的强弱有关。     

液相色谱法测定牛奶中三聚氰胺残留量的不确定度

通过数学建模,对GB/T22388-2008中HPLC法测定牛奶中三聚氰胺残留量的不确定度进行分析。将各个分量分化,运用最小二乘法对标准曲线拟合的不确定度,用极差法对测定次数较少时引起的不确定度,添加回收率的不确定度等进行分析。结果表明,合成标准不确定度U（X）=0.040,当取样量为2.00g,k=2（95%置信度）时,测得牛奶中三聚氰胺的含量为（2.00±0.160）mg/kg。     

Desiccation and cracking behaviour of clay layer from slurry state under wetting-drying cycles

Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate the effect of wetting-drying (W-D) cycles on the initiation and evolution of cracks in clay layer. Four identical slurry specimens were prepared and subjected to five subsequent W-D cycles. The water evaporation, surface cracks evolution and structure evolution during the W-D cycles were monitored. The effect of W-D cycles on the geometric characteristics of crack patterns was analyzed by image processing. The results show that the desiccation and cracking behaviour was significantly affected by the applied W-D cycles: the measured cracking water content θ_c, surface crack ratio R_sc and final thickness h_f of the specimen increased significantly in the first three W-D cycles and then tended to reach equilibrium; the formed crack patterns after the second W-D cycle were more irregular than that after the first W-D cycle; the increase of surface cracks was accompanied by the decrease of pore volume shrinkage during drying. In addition, it was found that the applied W-D cycles resulted in significant rearrangement of specimen structure: the initially homogeneous and non-aggregated structure was converted to a clear aggregated-structure with obvious inter-aggregate pores after the second W-D cycle; the specimen volume generally increased with increasing cycles due to the aggregation and increased porosity. The image analysis results show that the geometric characteristics of crack pattern were significantly influenced by the W-D cycles, but this influence was reduced after the third cycle. This is consistent with the observations over the experiment, and indicates that the image processing can be used for quantitatively analyzing the W-D cycle dependence of clay desiccation cracking behaviour.     

糙米中丁硫克百威及其代谢物的残留测定

[目的]监测与评价糙米中丁硫克百威及其代谢物克百威、3-羟基克百威的残留量。[方法]建立凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）净化、气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）同时测定糙米中丁硫克百威及其代谢物克百威、3-羟基克百威残留的方法。样品中的待测农药组分采用环己烷-乙酸乙酯（1∶1,V/V）提取,GPC和中性氧化铝（A l2O3）小柱净化,GC-MS测定。[结果]丁硫克百威和克百威的最低检测量均为2.0×10-11g,3-羟基克百威为1.0×10-10g;最低检出质量分数均为0.1 mg/kg,各组分的添加回收率为77.8%～94.6%,变异系数为3.86%～6.58%。[结论]凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱质谱法测定丁硫克百威及其代谢物在糙米中的残留方法灵敏度、准确度、精密度均符合农药残留分析的要求,可用于检测糙米中丁硫克百威及其代谢物的残留量。