果蔬差压预冷的研究进展

对近年来差压预冷中风速、送风温度、形式,包装箱的开孔形状、大小以及果蔬产品的码垛方式对果蔬预冷效率影响的研究现状进行了综述;讨论了已建立的预冷热质传递数学模型,提出了差压预冷今后的发展方向。     

机电一体化技术慕课应用探讨

以对慕课的认识为基础,从课程特点、教学发展、教学需要、学生需求等方面,讨论了机电一体化技术慕课应用的必要性及可行性。从建设构建教学电子资源、课堂教学法、在线课程平台选择、教学团队建设等几方面进行设计和探讨,以提高机电一体化技术课程的教学质量。     

正交法优选亮菌多糖脱色工艺研究

[目的]建立亮菌多糖脱色的最佳方法。[方法]以色素脱除率作为主要考察指标,通过单因素考察和正交法优化亮菌多糖脱色工艺。[结果]D152树脂、45℃、p H 5.0为最佳脱色条件。[结论]D152作用后色素脱除率高,糖保留率高,有益于下一步分离纯化。     

中国粮食安全百年变化历程

以人粮关系为主线、以中国社会经济发展为辅线,重点回顾了近百余年中国粮食安全变化历程及其社会经济背景。提出粮食安全问题分析的4个纬度,即农民生计、土地制度、农业科技、政策管理。认为重粮重农不轻工商、控制人口过快增长、完善土地使用制度、发展农业科技、维护国家长治久安是保障粮食安全的5个要素。最后指出应树立包括数量安全、结构安全、生态安全、质量安全在内的广义粮食安全观,系统地构建粮食安全保障体系。     

屋顶蓄水绿化技术研究

通过开展城市屋顶蓄水绿化的研究和实践,分析总结了屋顶水体的特点,进而得出,只要在屋顶蓄水绿化设计、施工、管理的过程中,遵循生态适应性、绿化为主、长期绿化和短期生产相结合等原则,精心设计,合理选择植物、植物载体、定植容器,科学管理,那么屋顶水体绿化确实可行,也将大有可为.     

新中国第一次农业科技史及生物学史组学术报告会记实

1956年7月9日至12日,中国科学院召开中国自然科学史第一次科学讨论会,会议分:农业及生物组、医学组和数学天文组。本文旨通过对农、生物组的学术讨论会历程及相应问题进行回溯,阐述本次科学讨论会的意义和影响。     

高寒地区利用直升机飞播种草治沙技术

根据作者多年来在若尔盖沙化草地飞播牧草的实践,对高寒地区利用直升机在播前准备、飞播的安全管理、飞播作业以及现场质量检查等飞播种草治沙技术进行了初步总结,以便为直升机飞播种草治沙提供参考。     

紫花苜蓿灌溉的理论与技术

本文系统地阐述了紫花苜蓿灌溉的理论与技术,内容包括需水量、需水强度、入渗速率、灌溉需要量、灌溉定额、灌水深度、灌水定额、灌水周期、灌水次数、灌水时期、灌水强度、灌溉方法等内容。     

Landscape irrigation scheduling efficiency and adequacy by various control technologies

Automated residential irrigation systems tend to result in higher water use than non-automated systems. Increasing the scheduling efficiency of an automated irrigation system provides the opportunity to conserve water resources while maintaining good landscape quality. Control technologies available for reducing over-irrigation include evapotranspiration (ET) based controllers, soil moisture sensor (SMS) controllers, and rain sensors (RS). The purpose of this research was to evaluate the capability of these control technologies to schedule irrigation compared to a soil water balance model based on the Irrigation Association (IA) Smart Water Application Technologies (SWAT) testing protocol. Irrigation adequacy and scheduling efficiency were calculated in 30-day running totals to determine the amount of over- or under-irrigation for each control technology based on the IA SWAT testing protocol. A time-based treatment with irrigation 2 days/week and no rain sensor (NRS) was established as a comparison. In general, the irrigation adequacy ratings (measure of under-irrigation) for the treatments were higher during the fall months of testing than the spring months due to lower ET resulting in lower irrigation demand. Scheduling efficiency values (measure of over-irrigation) decreased for all treatments when rainfall increased. During the rainy period of this testing, total rainfall was almost double reference evapotranspiration (ET_o) while in the remaining three testing periods the opposite was true. The 30-day irrigation adequacy values, considering all treatments, varied during the testing periods by 0-68 percentile points. Looking at only one 30-day testing period, as is done in the IA SWAT testing protocol, will not fully capture the performance of an irrigation controller. Scheduling efficiency alone was not a good indicator of controller performance. The amount of water applied and the timing of application were both important to maintaining acceptable turfgrass quality and receiving good irrigation adequacy and scheduling efficiency scores.     

保护性耕作技术应用成效机理与关键环节研究

该文从5个方面着重分析了应用保护性耕作技术的主要成效,并对取得的效应从技术机理上做了分析。针对保护性耕作规模应用的关键环节技术问题,进行了实践研究。对今后在长春市进一步推广保护性耕作具有一定的指导意义。