鹿茸醇提物对用环磷酰胺处理的小白鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响

结果表明 ,鹿茸醇提物组 (即实验组 )小白鼠红细胞的C3b受体酵母菌花环率为( 1 3 5± 0 2 ) %,对照组为 ( 1 0 1± 0 1 ) %,两组相比较 ,差异显著 (P <0 0 5) ;试验组小白鼠红细胞的免疫复合物酵母菌花环率为 1 1 3± 0 2 %,对照组为 1 6 3± 0 3%,两组相比较 ,差异显著 (P <0 0 5)。这一试验结果提示 ,鹿茸醇提物可增强由环磷酰胺诱导的免疫功能低下的小白鼠红细胞的免疫功能 ,即鹿茸醇提物对于环磷酰胺对机体的副作用具有一定的对抗作用。     

不同利用方式红壤反硝化势和气态产物排放特征

采用厌氧培养-乙炔抑制法测定了4种不同利用方式红壤的反硝化势和气态产物N₂O和N₂的排放速率。结果表明，不同利用方式红壤反硝化势和N₂O和N₂的排放速率差异明显，土壤反硝化势强弱顺序依次为：竹林>茶园>林地>旱地。反硝化势与土壤有机碳(P<0.05)、厌氧培养期间土壤CO₂累积排放量(P<0.01)、nirS基因丰度( P<0.05)和nirK基因丰度(P<0.05) 呈显著正相关关系。逐步回归分析结果表明，CO₂累积排放量表征的易矿化碳是造成不同利用方式红壤反硝化势差异的主要原因，可以解释反硝化势变化的66%(P<0.01)。不同利用方式红壤N₂O和N₂排放速率差异明显，旱地红壤N₂O和N₂排放速率均最低，表明土壤pH的提升并没有增加旱地红壤的反硝化损失风险和N₂O排放速率。土壤易矿化有机碳含量也是影响不同利用方式红壤N₂O和N₂排放速率的主要因素。反硝化功能基因nirS、nirK和nosZ的丰度均与CO₂累积排放量呈显著正相关关系，进一步支持了土壤易矿化有机碳含量是影响不同利用方式红壤反硝化势和气态产物排放的主要因子。土壤pH是影响不同利用方式红壤反硝化气态产物N₂/N₂O的主要因素，但是pH影响红壤N₂/N₂O的微生物机制仍需要进一步研究。     

Antioxidant,anti-amylase and anti-glycation potential of brans of some Sri Lankan traditional and improved rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties

Brans of 23 traditional and 12 improved (both red and white) rice varieties in Sri Lanka were screened for anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities in vitro. Varieties which showed the highest inhibitory activities at screening were further investigated for anti-glucosidase and glycation reversing as anti-diabetic properties. The same varieties were studied for selected antioxidant properties. Significantly high anti-amylase and anti-glycation activities were observed for bran extracts of red varieties compared to white varieties at screening. Traditional red rice varieties, Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti, exhibited significant and dose dependent anti-amylase, anti-glycation and glycation reversing activities. These varieties also showed marked antioxidant properties. It is concluded that brans of Sri Lankan traditional red rice varieties Masuran, Sudu Heeneti, Dik Wee and Goda Heeneti may be potential food supplements for diabetes.     

复方生茸散的生茸机理与生茸效果的实验研究

复方生茸散是以中药为主组成的复方药物添加剂，该制剂具有促进食欲，增强造血功能，促进骨髓ＤＮＡ和ＲＮＡ的合成，改善末梢血液循环，增加末梢血液供给，调节局部代谢，改善营养，提高机体免疫功能的作用。应用于梅花鹿的生茸期，按３０ｇ／ｄ的剂量将复方生茸散混于精料中喂给，每天１次，连用６０－７５ｄ，平均每头鹿多增鲜茸３０９－５６０ｇ，增茸效果显著。     

狼牙山独乐观光农业园区规划设计

该研究以狼牙山独乐观光农业园区方案的规划设计为例,从规划目标与定位、规划理念与规划设计等方面对＂红色旅游＋绿色观光采摘＋农事与军事体验＂的观光农业园形式进行了探索。     

篱壁式红富士苹果光照分布及结果部位对果实品质的影响

作者对6～7年生篱壁式红富士苹果叶幕光照分布、结果部位对品质的影响进行了研究.结果表明:篱壁形叶幕光照垂直分布和水平分布的日变化相对均衡,树冠内未产生无效光区;品质垂直和水平分布与光照垂直和水平分布呈极显著正相关.中、下层中长果枝果实的果面光洁度分别为92.7%和97.2%,端正果率分别为91.6%和92.5%.     

Structure and Management Issues of the Emerging Ornamental Fish Trade In Eritrea

Following independence from Ethiopia in 1993, Eritrea resumed exploiting Red Sea and Arabian fish species for the ornamental trade in 1995 as a means to earn foreign exchange from sparsely exploited marine resources. This paper describes the findings of research conducted in 1997, in collaboration with the Eritrean Ministry of Fisheries. The capture, transport and export of aquarium fish were reviewed and potential impacts and the status of management were investigated through liaison with stakeholders and researchers. From 1995 to 1997 two companies exported approximately 60,000 fish per year, mainly to the USA, worth US$65,000 (export value). Seventy-five species (from 22 families) were exported. Damselfishes made up two-thirds of total exports but more valuable families (angelfishes and butterflyfishes) were more economically significant. To earn revenue for Eritrea, a 20% export tax was imposed, although this was calculated from declarations by the operators. The emerging nature of the trade allowed detailed monitoring by the Ministry of Fisheries. However, management efforts were constrained by a lack of capacity for enforcement and baseline research. Several potential effects of the trade exist but other, land-based impacts may be more pressing concerns for Eritrea's reefs. Research priorities for management are discussed as well as the implications of mariculture of Eritrean species by other nations.     

3个红罗非鱼群体的形态差异分析

通过测定中国台湾红罗非鱼、以色列红罗非鱼和马来西亚红罗非鱼群体的形态参数,采用单因素分析、主成分分析和聚类分析3种多元分析方法,比较了3个红罗非鱼群体的形态差异。通过回归分析,建立多元回归方程,对比分析了3个群体间形态性状对体重的影响。6个可数性状分析结果表明,3个群体在可数性状上无显著差异。在与出肉率有较高相关系数的比例性状上,中国台湾红罗非鱼群体与以色列红罗非鱼、马来西亚红罗非鱼群体均存在显著差异。8个可量比例性状的聚类分析和主成分分析结果均表明,以色列红罗非鱼群体和马来西亚红罗非鱼群体形态最接近,而与中国台湾红罗非鱼群体形态差异较大。主成分分析构建了3个主成分,其贡献率分别为34.804%、16.667%、12.974%,累计贡献率为64.446%。回归分析结果表明,体长、体厚、尾柄高是影响中国台湾红罗非鱼和以色列红罗非鱼群体体重的主要性状,体长、体高、体厚是影响马来西亚红罗非鱼群体体重的主要性状。多元分析结果表明,3个红罗非鱼群体在形态上已经产生一定程度的差异,且主要表现在体高、头长、尾柄高、吻长、全长这5个形态性状指标上。     

草原红牛胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白6基因外显子2的遗传多态性及遗传效应分析

本试验旨在研究草原红牛不同基因型与屠宰肉用性状的关联性。选用草原红牛作为试验群体,采用PCR-SSCP方法检测胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白6(insulin-like growth factors binding proteins 6,IGFBP6)基因外显子2的多态性,采用最小二乘法拟合线性模型将突变位点的不同基因型与牛屠宰肉用性状进行关联分析。结果表明,在IGFBP6基因外显子2上发现1个多态性位点A180G,具有3种基因型:AA、AB和BB。SPSS 13.0统计分析结果表明,IGFBP6基因外显子2 AB和BB基因型净肉重极显著高于AA基因型(P<0.01);眼肌面积和骨重显著高于AA基因型(P<0.05),而在宰前活重、胴体重、肾脂重和肋脂重方面3种基因型个体之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。结果显示,IGFBP6基因的多态性与屠宰肉用性状具有一定的关联性,可为今后草原红牛的育种保种工作提供理论依据,并对草原红牛肉用性状的改善提供参考。     

几种栽培基质的理化特性分析及其对香蕉幼苗生长的影响

[目的]了解不同栽培基质的理化性质,及其对香蕉幼苗生长的影响,为培育健康优质香蕉种苗提供理论基础.[方法]以椰糠、泥炭土及红壤土为基质原料,香蕉组培幼苗为植物材料,研究不同基质理化性质及其对幼苗生长的作用.[结果]椰糠和泥炭土都具有较小的容重,总孔隙度分别为82.6％和77.0％,持水孔隙度分别为59.2％和64.3％,使栽培介质具有较强的通透性和保水能力;而红壤土则有较大的容重,较差的通透性.椰糠有丰富有机质和较高全磷和全钾,而全氮则较低;红壤土的有机质和全氮含量远低于椰糠和泥炭土.椰糠处理的香蕉幼苗在株高、叶数、叶面积、干物重等方面具有较强的生长优势,泥炭土次之,而红壤土则表现最弱.根系形态参数表明,椰糠处理下植株根系较长、粗壮,根表面积较大,显著优于其他两个处理.[结论]单纯红壤土或泥炭土作为基质不能为香蕉幼苗提供最优的生长条件;椰糠具有更适于香蕉幼苗生长的理化性质,利于培育强壮健康无菌种苗,可作为重要的无土栽培介质而广泛应用.