Field evaluation of mungbeans for resistance to Cercospora leaf spot and powdery mildew

Abstract

Cercospora leaf spot, caused by Cercospora canescens and powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe polygoni are two of the most important fungal diseases of mungbeans. Nearly 4000 accessions of the global mungbean collection at the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center were screened for resistance to these two pathogens. Less than 4% and 12% of the accessions showed resistance to Cercospora leaf spot and powdery mildew, respectively. The level of resistance to Cercospora leaf spot varied and highly resistant lines were not found. A few lines were rated highly resistant to powdery mildew over several years but others were rated moderately resistant or susceptible in other years.     

海峡西岸经济区发展循环经济的分析与思考

发展循环经济可以有效地解决我国可持续发展的资源与环境约束问题.本文分析了海峡西岸经济区发展循环经济的必然性、现有基础以及存在的问题,并就如何促进循环经济的发展提出了政策建议.     

台湾地区的农地重划及其社会经济效益

介绍了台湾地区为摆脱耕地零散、灌排水和机械作业不便,以及农场经营规模太小,导致农业生产停滞不前的困境,进行农地利用制度的改革——农地重划。台湾地区制订了农地重划的法律、法规,细化工作程序,并承担2/3的农地重划经费,使重划得以实现。从而,奠定了台湾地区农业实现机械化和现代化的基础,满足了粮食的需求,促进了经济增长,值得借鉴。     

闽台妇女NGO合作探析

随着市场经济体制改革的推进,妇女自主和自治意识的增强,妇女NGO不断出现,福建妇女NGO在促进海峡两岸交流中有着独特优势,在推动闽台交往、密切两岸关系具有重要的作用。针对目前闽台妇女NGO合作发展的现状、存在问题,提出促进闽台妇女NGO合作发展的若干建议。     

台湾原住民及其农耕文化略谈

简要介绍了台湾原住民的基本情况;以祭仪和手工艺为例,重点介绍了原住民瑰丽奇特的农耕文化;提出台湾在高度发达的现代社会,应该对原住民文化尤其是农耕文化进行充分研究和保护。     

台湾番石榴在漳州的适应性与配套栽培技术调查

调查了从台湾引进的珍珠番石榴、新世纪番石榴和水晶番石榴3个品种,通过生物学特性、适应性和经济效益的比较,认为这些品种都适宜在漳州栽培,尤其以珍珠番石榴为最适宜。珍珠番石榴平均果重422.1g,硬度9.0kg/cm2、可溶性固形物12.6%、总酸0.21%,Vc88.92mg/100g,总糖含量6.7%,还原糖含量2.98%,周年开花结果,品质优异,市场批发价5～6元/kg,效益好。并提出了该品种配套栽培技术要点。     

海峡两岸商标犯罪比较研究

海峡两岸商标犯罪立法各有其长短,主要表现在:大陆采用法典式的立法模式优越于台湾法典与附属刑法相结合的方式;台湾商标法第82条规定的犯罪几乎可以为刑法典第254条的规定所包含,其必要性值得质疑;台湾没有把销售非法制造的商标标识的行为犯罪化,是立法上的缺漏;台湾刑法将擅自使用与他人的注册商标近似的商标标识以及侵犯他人服务商标的行为也作为犯罪处理,值得大陆借鉴;台湾刑法对商标犯罪规定的带有上限要求的罚金刑比大陆所采用的无限额罚金刑合理,但这种普通罚金制易受币制改革和经济状况的影响,从完善的角度看,海峡两岸立法应     

闽南、台湾浅滩渔场单拖渔业监测调查

本文根据2005年1~11月闽南、台湾浅滩渔场单拖渔业调查监测资料,分析和研究该海区单拖渔业利用状况、主要渔获物资源动态。结果表明:2005年渔获量平均密度指数(CPUE)3月最高,达134.41kg/h,随后迅速下降,9月为全年最低,仅34.75kg/h;渔获物组成以生命周期短、个体小、营养级较低的种类为主,二长棘鲷居绝对优势,占总渔获重量的38.8%;各主要种类渔业资源时空分布变化较为明显;近十年来,渔船功率和网具的日趋大型化,小型单拖渔船数量有所减少。通过监测调查为渔业管理部门制订科学的渔业资源养护措施、加强和完善渔业管理等提供科学依据。     

Larval Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica) as sub‐surface current bio‐tracers on the East Asia continental shelf

Larval Japanese eel (leptocephali) are passively transported from their spawning sites of the North Equatorial Current to the Kuroshio and its branch waters for 4–6 months before reaching the East Asian coasts. The larvae mainly stay within water depths between 50–150 m. The dispersal dynamics of larvae thus should reflect the sub‐surface oceanic currents on the East Asia continental shelf. An analysis of Japanese glass eel catch data in East Asian countries during 1985 to 2009, and for Taiwan from 1968 to 2008, indicates that the overall annual catch is generally correlated across countries of East Asia, and between north and west areas of Taiwan. The Kuroshio and its branch waters disperse glass eels throughout East Asian habitats, and the glass eel distribution matches the flow directionality of oceanic currents. Recruitment in western Taiwan occurs with a sequential southwestern to northwestern direction, suggesting that the Taiwan Strait Current penetrates the western coast of Taiwan in the sub‐surface layer in winter. The monthly averaged sub‐surface 50 m circulation pattern in the vicinity of Taiwan and modeled tracer experiments also support the northward winter sub‐surface current in Taiwan Strait. These results suggest that the larval Japanese eel could serve as a valuable bio‐tracer of sub‐surface currents, and the earlier recruitment dynamics of Japanese glass eels in Taiwan could be a good predictor for the subsequent catch in other East Asia areas.     

闽南、台湾浅滩渔场中上层鱼类资源监测

本文根据闽南、台浅渔场1987～1995年间灯围渔业逐年各月生产统计资料,以及渔获物组成、生殖群体结构和幼鱼发生量对中上层鱼类进行监测和研究。结果表明,80年代末期以来,福建闽南地区灯围作业船组不断减少,但平均单产逐年上升,从而保持了渔业质量在下降中相对稳定。中上层鱼类种群结构非常稳定,蓝圆鲹和金色小沙丁鱼一直是最重要的渔获对象,占灯围产量约2/3。其生殖群体几乎是一成不变,该两个鱼种叉长优势组均为180～200mm,各占60～80％,1龄鱼补充群体数量雄厚,且其幼鱼发生量连年增长,闽中、闽东沿海小型灯围和夏缯等作业夏汛产量逐年迅速上升,由此认为,90年代以来,闽南、台浅渔场中上层鱼类资源利用不足,建议扶持灯围作业,加大对中上层鱼类资源的开发力度。