广东省碳汇林经营风险因素分析

在种植碳汇林增加森林碳汇成为当前全球应对气候变化重要途径之一的大背景下,通过阐述广东省碳 汇林的经营现状,根据碳汇林营造时期、经营时期以及后期市场交易的特点,将广东省碳汇林经营主体在经营时所 面临的风险总结为环境、过程和市场三大类,并加以分析,从而提出了风险控制对策院加大宣传力度,在碳汇林经营 中实现经营主体与农户双赢;增加保险投入,加强技术创新;扩充融资渠道,保障碳汇林顺利经营;完善碳汇信息平 台,建立健全碳汇市场交易制度。     

Web环境下用户管理系统的设计与实现

简单描述了Web数据库技术的发展及近来飞速发展的技术,介绍了后台信息发布的相关知识,结合一些程序重点说明了系统用户管理的结构及功能,提出了一些相关看法和见解.     

The potential of intercropping as an alternative land use system in temperate North America

The success of many intercropping systems in North America is attributable to the generation of a short term return from an agricultural crop during the early, unprofitable years of a longer term crop that is fruit, nuts or wood. This highly-efficient use of land and related profitability are important not only in the development of intercropping systems per se, but also in other applications which have tremendous potential independent of profitability. For example, intercropping can be effectively used during the establishment phases of hardwood plantations where it is essential to have a high level of weed control, the costs of which are often recovered with the agricultural production. Intercropping can also be used to grow trees rapidly and with a form that can be easily integrated into recreational or park situations, or urban fringe areas. In an urban context, intercropping can be used to grow trees in agricultural areas that are likely to be developed where traditional forestry options are not appropriate and the value of younger, thrifty trees may enhance property values far in excess of the cash value of the wood.     

Nitrogen and Irrigation Management Practices to Improve Nitrogen Uptake Efficiency and Minimize Leaching Losses

Summary

Nitrogen (N) is the most important nutrient for plant growth and production. Nitrogen uptake efficiency is dependent on a number of factors. Water management influences the transformation of N sources applied to the soil and transport of the nitrate form of N in the soil. Nitrate-N is the final product of N transformations and is quite mobile in soils with the water front. Leaching of nitrate below the rootzone is an economic loss and contributes to non-point source pollution of groundwater. In this chapter we summarize the factors influencing the N uptake efficiencies for various crops and production systems, and chemical and biological processes that influence the N transformation or losses. Recent advances leading to development of N and irrigation best management practices that support sustainable crop production and net returns while minimizing the non-point source nitrate pollution of ground-water are also discussed.     

经济结构、耕地特征与病虫害绿色防控技术采纳的实证研究——基于安徽省740个水稻种植户的调查数据

采用安徽省740个水稻种植户的调查数据,运用Oprobit模型实证分析经济结构、耕地特征与病虫害绿色防控技术采纳之间的关系.研究结果表明:农户的病虫害绿色防控技术采纳程度整体较低,水稻耕作规模与病虫害绿色防控技术的采纳呈“U型”关系,水稻种植收入占家庭总收入的比重越高农户绿色防控技术采纳水平越高,租入耕地占总耕地面积的比重越高农户绿色防控技术采纳水平越低,其他影响农户病虫害绿色防控技术采纳的变量还包括户主年龄、户主文化水平和户主是否参加绿色防控培训.研究结果表明有必要加大政策扶持和宣传力度,通过机制创新鼓励农户病虫害绿色防控技术采纳程度;相关服务主体应采取差异化推广策略和服务形式,提高农户病虫害绿色防控技术采纳程度.     

机械插秧密度和氮肥运筹对两优1528群体动态和产量的影响

研究了机插条件下不同的栽植密度、氮肥使用量和氮肥中基、蘖、穗肥不同的用量比例对两系杂交水稻两优1528群体动态、产量构成以及生育进程.结果表明,两优1528分别在机插密度为24.0万穴/hm2、氮肥用量247.5 kg/hm2以及基、蘖、穗肥比例为5:3:2时产量最高.栽植密度过大,无效分蘖增多,每穗总粒数减少,密度过小则群体总量较小,有效穗不足;氮肥用量达247.5 kg/hm2时虽然产量最高,但氮肥偏生产力(PPN)较低,而氮肥用量202.5 kg/hm2可获得较高的产量和氮肥偏生产力.     

幼林抚育管理的重要性及措施

本文介绍了幼林抚育管理的重要性,从松土除草、水肥管理、林木抚育、幼林补植与保护等方面总结了其措施,以期提高造林成活率。     

农村建设用地集约利用评价研究——以重庆市为例

摘要：本文结合现阶段重庆市农村建设用地的实际情况,通过构建农村建设用地集约利用评价指标体系,应用层次分析法建立评价模型并确定指标权重。后结合GIS技术分析了重庆全市1999-2007年及全市各区县2007年农村建设用地集约利用水平及其变化规律,结果表明：1999-2007年间,重庆市农村建设用地集约利用水平先降后升,总体处于低度利用状态;空间上,靠近一小时经济圈的地区集约利用水平高,渝东北和渝东南集约利用水平相对较低。最后文章针对重庆市农村建设用地集约利用情况提出促进农村建设用地集约利用的措施建议。     

New Engineering Contract and Traditional Engineering Contracts

This paper analyzes the key principles on which the international traditional contracts and new engineering contract have been drafted as well as the contractual relations among the parties involved in the execution of the project. This paper concluded that the new engineering contract prepared by the Institute of Civil Engineers has shown its unique features in the principles and new management techniques and is able to stimulate good project management.     

稻田水分管理方式对水稻光合速率和水分利用效率的影响

以超级杂交稻两优培九和中优6号为材料, 设3个不同水分管理措施,在穗分化期、开花期和花后20 d分别测定叶片光合速率和水分利用率。结果表明:不同水分管理方式影响水稻地上部干物重、叶面积指数、光合速率、蒸腾速率和水分利用效率。水分好气灌溉管理地上部干物重和水分利用效率明显增加;水分低水位管理蒸腾速率、地上部干物重和叶片水分利用效率下降。淹水灌溉地上部干物重、叶面积指数、叶片光合速率和水分利用率较低。因此,水稻好气灌溉有利于光合物质积累,显著增产和提高水分利用效率。试验还表明这3种水分管理对稻米蛋白质含量的影响不显著。