有机锌试剂对亚胺的催化不对称加成反应研究进展

亚胺的催化不对称加成反应是近年来不对称催化反应中的热点研究领域,从手性配体类型的角度总结了近10余年来有机锌试剂在亚胺不对称加成反应中的应用进展.     

接种丛枝菌根真菌对柑橘不同钙剂吸收及苗木生长效应的影响

以柑橘苗为试材,分别对未接种植株、接种摩西球囊霉和幼套球囊霉的植株外施5nmol/L硝酸钙和醋酸钙,比较了三种处理下植株茎粗、株高、侵染率、根系活力和植株根系、叶片中钙和氮含量。结果表明,接种丛植菌根真菌促进植株的生长,其根系和叶片中钙元素和氮元素含量均比未接种的植株的高;施用硝酸钙的植株根系和叶片中钙、氮元素含量比施用醋酸钙的植株高。     

微波辐照合成乙酸芳樟酯的研究

采用微波间歇辐照方法研究了微波辐照下乙酸芳樟酯的合成,确定的最适工艺条件为:催化剂K2CO3用量为原料质量的4%、微波功率100W、反应时间5 h、酐醇物质的量之比2.5∶1.最适工艺条件下,芳樟醇转化率为76.71%、乙酸芳樟酯产率为61.48%.该工艺反应时间短、产率高且催化剂成本低.     

复合蛋白质饲料中尿素水解速度的评价

在模拟反刍动物瘤胃温度条件下,利用半微量凯氏定氮法研究尿素和缓释剂添加量对复合蛋白饲料中尿素水解速率的影响.结果表明:尿素添加量相同时,随着缓释剂量的增加,尿素水解速率减慢.尿素添加量为20%时,以缓释剂量为5%的复合蛋白饲料中尿素水解速率最慢,较不加缓释剂的5号料低11个百分点.缓释剂量相同时,随着尿素添加量的增加尿素水解速率加快.尿素添加量为15%,缓释剂量为4%的2号料与尿素添加量为20%,缓释剂量为5%的4号料,到180 min时分别水解了80.33%和84.81%.     

GL生根剂对扶桑插条生根及碳水化合物分配的影响

用ＧＬ生根剂（ＩＢＡ１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ＋粉锈宁１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＰＰ３３３２ｍｇ／Ｌ）５０ｍｇ／Ｌ浸泡扶桑插条基部２４小时，提高了插条的生根率、生根数、根干重，并扩大了生根范围。插条叶光合速率高于对照８２．８％，分配到叶的１４Ｃ－光合产物比对照少，而分配到茎和不定根的光合产物高于对照。插条叶和不定根中的可溶性糖、淀粉和纤维素含量低于对照，并随处理后天数的延长逐渐减少，木质素含量增加；茎和插条基部的可溶性糖含量高于对照，淀粉和木质素含量低于对照     

(Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and 1-undecanol increase male attraction to sex pheromone trap in Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

The effects of host-plant volatiles (HPVs) on male oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), and response to sex pheromone trap were studied in a pear orchard. Two HPVs compounds, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and 1-undecanol, combined with sex pheromone of G. molesta in traps were tested. The results showed that most of the male moths were captured in the traps baited with the sex pheromone combined with these two HPVs compounds than by the pheromone alone. Also, more males were captured by the trap containing pheromone plus (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate than by the one containing 1-undecanol. It appeared that these HPVs act as sex pheromone synergists to enhance the attraction of male G. molestato pheromone traps, since males were not captured in the traps baited only with (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and/or 1-undecanol.     

Effects of Immunopotentiator of the Traditional Chinese Medicine on T Lymphocytes in Chicken Blood

In order to investigate the mechanism of action of immunoenhancer, the effects of the traditional Chinese medicine immunopromoter on the quantity and the transformation rates of T lymphocytes in the chicken blood were determined. Total 120 chickens were randomly assigned into three groups. The 1% and the 0.5% of the Chinese medicine immunopromoter were added to the chicken drinking water, respectively. The quantity of T lymphocytes in each group was measured by a-Naphthyl acetate esterase （ANAE） staining. The results showed that the percentages of T lymphocytes of the treatment groups were significantly higher than that of the control group （P〈0.05）, and the percentage of the 1% group significantly higher than that of the 0.5% group （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the transformation rates of T lymphocytes showed that the Chinese medicine immunopromoter had the significant enhancing effect on the transformation rates of T lymphocytes of the treated chickens. The traditional Chinese medicine immunopromoter had the distinct function to promote the quantity and the transformation rate of T lymphocytes.     

红壤旱地花生抗旱栽培技术研究初报

通过在花生主产区红壤旱地上田间抗旱试验,结果表明:不同抗旱措施对花生产量均有一定的增产效果,产量依次为喷施壮根促花保果剂>促根剂基施>配方施肥>稻草覆盖>对照。     

4种生物药剂对茶炭疽病菌和茶轮斑病菌的室内毒力测定

茶树是我国重要的经济作物,但是由于其主要生长在温暖、湿润的环境,造成了茶树病害的滋生。茶炭疽病和茶轮斑病是茶树的两个重要病害,目前主要利用化学方法进行防治,而生物防治的方法仍十分有限。本研究利用菌丝生长速率法测定了4种生物药剂对茶炭疽病病菌和茶叶轮斑病的室内抑菌活性,结果表明：0.5%香菇多糖对茶炭疽病菌和茶轮斑病病菌菌丝生长的抑制作用较好,EC₅₀值分别为10.55 μg.mL^_-1和2.68 μg.mL^_-1;其次为6%阿泰灵,EC₅₀值分别为18.65 μg.mL^_-1和18.63 μg.mL^_-1,而5%海岛素和3%植物免疫蛋白效果较差。     

不同处理对桔梗种子萌发特性的影响

[目的]采用不同化学试剂对桔梗种子萌发特性进行研究,为桔梗种子的人工栽培、种苗培育提供科学依据.[方法]选用6种常用种子处理试剂即0.1％ HgCl2、10％ H2O2、0.5％KMnO4、75％ C2H5OH、2.0％NaClO和0.16％HCHO分别浸种5,10,20 min处理,对桔梗种子萌发及幼苗生长进行测定.[结果]用0.1％HgCl2处理5 min效果较好;用10％ H2O2浸种10 min效果较好;用0.5％ KMnO4浸种10 min效果较好;用75％C2 H5 OH浸种5 min效果较好;桔梗种子采用2.0％ NaClO处理20 min效果较好;用0.16％ HCHO处理10 min效果较好.综合分析表明,用2.0％NaClO浸种20 min后,桔梗种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和根长均达到所有处理中的最大值,因此,2.0％ NaClO浸种20 min为桔梗的最佳处理方法.[结论]筛选出桔梗种子萌发的适宜浸种试剂和浸种时间,对桔梗种子育苗具有重要指导意义.