泽兰实蝇的安全性试验

泽兰实蝇是紫茎泽兰的重要天敌。1984年8月从西藏聂拉木县樟木区引到昆明防治紫茎泽兰。为了弄清应用传统方法野外释放后能否引起其他植物受害,从1984年10月至1985年9月做了泽兰实蝇的安全性试验,共试验63种植物,泽兰实蝇仅寄生紫茎泽兰,不危害其他植物。     

浙江采石遗迹的开发及其环境驱动因子研究

采石遗迹是劳动人民在长期的采石实践活动过程中所留下的痕迹,它见证着环境的变迁和社会的发展。浙江作为石材大省,自古开采以来,曾经历了多次兴盛和衰退,至今已发现多处采石遗迹遍布在全省各地,而整个兴衰过程又与浙江特有的自然地理要素和人类活动的综合作用密不可分。因此,结合浙江省地质地貌、交通、水系及历史地理背景,探讨了各自然地理要素及人类活动与采石活动之间的关系和作用机制。     

天然花岗岩石材在园林景观中的运用研究

文章通过简要的介绍天然花岗岩石材的特点,石材的选用方法以及常用的花岗岩石材加工方式等,使人们进一步了解花岗岩石材的物理、化学等性能特点,更加科学合理地使用天然花岗岩石材。     

碎石土路基压实质量检测方法的探讨

本文探讨了利用动力触探法进行碎石土路基检测，同时介绍了应用该方法进行碎石土路基质量评定的成功实例。     

温宿县不同滴灌量与核桃果实生长量的关系

以阿克苏地区温宿县的十年生核桃为材料,研究不同滴灌量下核桃生长发育状况和水分蒸发的变化规律。结果表明,在不同滴灌量下,蒸腾量从大到小依次为666.7m2的滴灌量50、40、45、30、35m3;在灌水定额为45m3/666.7m2的滴灌量下,果实生长量最大,果实的横径为42.96mm,纵径为49.63mm。35m3/666.7m2的滴灌量下,果实生长量最小。     

Effects of gravel on grassland soil carbon and nitrogen in the arid regions of the Tibetan Plateau

Many previous studies have focused on soil gravel concentrations and their effect on crop yields in agricultural systems. The extent of carbon and nitrogen sequestration in soils under steppe systems in relation to surface gravel mulch remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the effects of gravel mulches on soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks in the arid and windy regions of the Tibetan Plateau. Surface gravel mulches provide a more favorable environment for soil carbon and nitrogen stocks than do non-mulched sites. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks were highest (46.9 Mg ha^− 1 SOC and 2.8 Mg ha^− 1 TN) in the medium gravel mulch sites with ~ 40-50% gravel, and lowest (29.5 Mg ha^− 1 SOC and 1.4 Mg ha^− 1 TN) in no gravel mulch sites. Analysis of aggregate size fractions indicated that the vast majority of SOC was present in microaggregate fractions throughout the top 30 cm of soil. Considering the low level of soil disturbance in the study area, the carbon contained in the macroaggregate fraction might become stabilized in the soil. Gravel mulches above the soil surface have an important bearing on soil carbon sequestration as they control wind erosion, decrease soil surface evaporation and change soil physical behavior in the arid and semiarid regions.     

白鹤梁题刻的历史贡献与当代价值探析

论述了重庆涪陵白鹤梁石鱼题刻在长江流域近千年水文资讯、两岸农情预报、流域气候气象记录、巴蜀文化传承等诸多方面的历史贡献,记述了石鱼题刻作为国家重点文物保护对象的现状,展望了石鱼题刻作为中国文化遗产的一部分在未来继续发挥的重要意义及价值。     

The effect of rock fragment size and position on topsoil moisture on arid and semi-arid hillslopes

Rock fragments on arid hillslopes affect rainwater redistribution and overland flow, through various hydrological processes. The present study focuses on the evolution of topsoil moisture content under rock fragments following rain events. Measurement was taken under rock fragments in various sizes (large and small) and positions (‘on top’ of the soil surface and 'partially embedded' within the soil surface) at north- and south-facing hillslopes in arid and semi-arid areas. The main findings: (1) the topsoil moisture content under rock fragments was higher over time than that of bare soil areas; (2) rock fragments affect the topsoil moisture content for a longer time in semi-arid areas than in arid areas; and (3) large rock fragments and ‘partially embedded’ ones are favorable micro-environments for accepting and retaining rainwater and overland flowing water. This may have eco-geomorphic implications regarding the mosaic-like patterns of source and sink areas on arid hillslopes.     

从药洲九曜石遗址初探唐宋时期园林石景形态

现存于广州的药洲遗址,原是五代十国时期南汉国的宫苑园林。南汉国宫苑营造始于南汉乾亨八年(924年),在宫苑营造中大量使用了置石、堆石等。宋统一中国后,这些宫苑园林变成了服务州民的风景园林,因此遗留下来。现存的古典园林中,多为明后所建,因此药洲九曜石也成为我国古代古典园林石景中重要的早期遗存。本文结合山水画中的石景和历史文献,对药洲遗存九曜石的形态特征进行分析,从而对唐宋时期我国古典园林中石景形态的可能进行了探讨。综合来看,药洲九曜石作为目前罕见的古典园林置石遗存,是石景演化进程中的关键证据,对探源我国古典园林石景演化规律有重要意义。     

Aptitude for mycorrhizal root colonization in Prunus rootstocks

Eighteen Prunus rootstock cultivars were inoculated with three arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under greenhouse conditions in order to evaluate their affinity for mycorrhizal colonization. The rootstocks were peach–almond hybrids, peaches, plums and cherries of Spanish, French and Italian origin. Mycorrhizal colonization was low in plants inoculated with Glomus mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerdemann and Trappe, and Glomus etunicatum Becker and Gerdemann. In contrast, Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith, proved to be the most infective endophyte, achieving the highest mycorrhizal colonization rate in most of the rootstocks evaluated. Species of Prunus insititia L. were the only botanical group to show a consistently high affinity for mycorrhizal colonization with G. intraradices.