关于黑龙江岁宝热电厂循环供水系统设计的分析

本文对黑龙江岁宝热电厂扩建工程的循环供水系统进行了方案比较,确定最优方案的实施。     

方捆打捆机连杆断裂问题改进探讨

指出了活塞部件是打捆机中的重要组成部分,其故障率一直处于一个相对较高的水平。结合市场上打捆机活塞的主要故障形式,从打捆机活塞故障的主要来源、活塞质量改进的角度进行了分析和研究。通过对活塞运动轨迹、阻力、焊合件材料的选用的分析,确定了活塞适用焊合材料、轴承要求、秸杆作业湿度等条件,提出了"选用新焊合材料、活塞轴承、增加活塞刮板,对打捆机连杆断裂故障率大幅度降低"的解决方案,并且通过试验验证了方案的可行性。     

卫生间楼地面管孔补洞施工质量控制

本文对建筑施工及使用过程中出现的卫生间楼地面渗漏问题,做了广泛的调查及研究,并提出了相关的解决方法和补救措施。     

谈地面辐射采暖方式的应用

本文阐述了地面辐射采暖的特点及辐射采暖的构造,施工方法及注意事项。     

Depression of methane production potential in paddy soils by subsurface drainage systems

Abstract

Subsurface drainage systems (pipe/tile drain systems) in paddy fields have been used in Japan since the 1960s for appropriate water management to encourage rice growing. Water management using the drainage systems probably accelerates the aerobic decomposition of organic matter in the paddy soils, and the management using the systems also accelerates leaching of water-soluble fractions in the soils. To evaluate these side-effects of the drainage systems on methane (CH₄) production potential in the soils, soil samples taken from four pairs of paddy fields with or without drainage systems (D-soils and ND-soils, respectively) were compared. In general, total C and N, hot-water-extractable hexose, ammonification and Fe²⁺ production were lower in D-soils than in ND-soils. Decomposition of buried rice straw during a fallow period was also accelerated in D-soils. Hence, both electron acceptors, such as reducible Fe, and electron donors, such as easily decomposable organic matter, in D-soils decreased on a short-term and long-term basis. To compare the effect of decreased electron acceptors and donors on the same criterion (mg C_eq kg^?1 dry matter (d.m.)), the oxidative capacity (OxiC) and reductive capacity (RedC) in each soil were calculated from the soil chemical and biological properties. Both OxiC and RedC decreased in D-soils, but the rate of decrease in RedC was 2.7-fold higher than that of OxiC. As the soil conditions became relatively oxidative, CH₄ production potential in D-soils decreased by approximately 40%. Thus, the installation of subsurface drainage systems under poorly drained paddy fields relatively decreased RedC in soil, and that CH₄ production potential in the soil also decreased.     

油松根系形态分布的分形分析研究

基于分形理论和管状模型理论建立了油松根系的三维静态模型。根系模型主要建立在根系拓扑、分枝规律、连结长度、连结直径和根系分枝角度基础上。检测模型主要考虑参数α和q。参数α为根系分枝前后的横截面积之比,q定义分枝后新连结的生物量。虽然参数α和q相对于根系直径独立,但是它们的变化可能影响预测的正确性。在植物水平上,模型提供适当的根系干重,根系全长和根系直径的预测。这一静态模型较适合研究成熟根系,与其它模型相比,该模型的主要优点是它的可塑性和易于应用。     

低压管道环状管网水力计算

本文对环状管网运行中仅开启一个出水口的水力计算方法进行了探讨。计算出了特征长度系数、平均特征长度系数和最大特征长度系数,并将其排成数表供直接查用。同时计算出了双环管网平均和最大特征长度系数的回归方程,经比较,本文提出的计算方法简单、可靠,便于设计中应用。     

滴灌成套设备和低压大流量滴头研制与应用

经过10多年的科学研究,我国在微灌设备研制方面取得了一定进展,先后生产试制了微灌用聚乙烯管材与管件,研制出了一批灌水器和过滤、施肥装置,促进了微灌技术的推广运用。对微管灌水器进行的系列化研究,降低了工程造价,提高了灌水质量。     

地下灌排兼用系统中田间土基透水管的机理分析及其现场成型机研制

通过对现有地下灌溉系统的分析，论述了田间地下土基透水管灌溉、排水兼用的可行性及机理分析。在对国内外暗管施工机进行分类归纳的基础上，研制出土基透水管现场成型机，可现场一次完成土基管的成型、固壁、防渗、镶嵌渗水条等工序，初步对样机进行了田间试验，验证其结构合理性、经济性、并对土壤的破坏成型机理进行了分析     

田间喷-管结合灌水技术体系的研究

该文在总结以往经验基础上,分析了喷灌与管灌在粮田灌溉中的优点和缺点,针对北方地区管灌面积甚广,亟待配套完善的现状,提出了“喷－管结合,扬长避短,择优施灌”的田间灌水新技术体系,通过配套部件研制、测试及田间对比试验和投资、能耗分析,这一体系在技术上是可行的,经济上是合理的。并已在北京等地推广应用。