微孢子虫SCM_6(Nosema.sp)对蚕生殖腺侵染的组织学观察

本试验以N.bomycis作对照,对SCM_6感染蚕的生殖腺(?、?)采用临时装片和石蜡切片对生殖腺内容物进行了详细观察.结果表明:SCM_6可侵染蚕的生殖细胞.但侵染生殖细胞的频度较低.     

青贮玉米促生菌的鉴定及生物学特性的研究

根据布坎南.R.E等著《伯杰细菌鉴定手册》（第八版）,对4株青贮玉米促进菌进行鉴定。结果表明,4株促生菌分属于短芽胞杆菌（Bacillus brevis),蜡质芽孢杆菌（Bacillus cereus）,放射形土壤杆菌（Agrobacteria radiobacter）和假单胞杆菌（Pseudomonas sp）。此餐,还对4株促生菌的生物学特性进行了比较观察。     

用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测动物源性食品中头孢喹肟残留

建立了动物源性食品中头孢喹肟残留量检测的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。样品经乙腈水溶液提取后,用C18固相萃取柱净化、浓缩。头孢喹肟残留量在10～500μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9996。方法检测限为1 ng/g,定量限为5 ng/g。猪肌肉在5～100 ng/g空白添加浓度范围内平均回收率为57.7%～69.4%,RSD为6.68%～13.41%,猪肝在5～100 ng/g空白添加浓度范围内平均回收率为50.6%～58.6%,RSD为5.13%～12.42%,牛奶在5～40 ng/g空白添加浓度范围内中平均回收率为59.2%～65.3%,RSD为6.12%～13.26%。     

Anticipating the species jump: surveillance for emerging viral threats

Zoonotic disease surveillance is typically triggered after animal pathogens have already infected humans. Are there ways to identify high‐risk viruses before they emerge in humans? If so, then how and where can identifications be made and by what methods? These were the fundamental questions driving a workshop to examine the future of predictive surveillance for viruses that might jump from animals to infect humans. Virologists, ecologists and computational biologists from academia, federal government and non‐governmental organizations discussed opportunities as well as obstacles to the prediction of species jumps using genetic and ecological data from viruses and their hosts, vectors and reservoirs. This workshop marked an important first step towards envisioning both scientific and organizational frameworks for this future capability. Canine parvoviruses as well as seasonal H3N2 and pandemic H1N1 influenza viruses are discussed as exemplars that suggest what to look for in anticipating species jumps. To answer the question of where to look, prospects for discovering emerging viruses among wildlife, bats, rodents, arthropod vectors and occupationally exposed humans are discussed. Finally, opportunities and obstacles are identified and accompanied by suggestions for how to look for species jumps. Taken together, these findings constitute the beginnings of a conceptual framework for achieving a virus surveillance capability that could predict future species jumps.     

短期封育对白梭梭荒漠和盐生假木贼荒漠土壤营养成分的影响

以白梭梭荒漠和盐生假木贼荒漠为对象,采用野外调查取样法,通过对两类不同类型荒漠草地土壤营养成分的测定分析,探讨不同类型荒漠草地土壤营养成分对短期封育的响应规律,为荒漠草地的管理和保护提供科学依据。结果表明:1)盐生假木贼荒漠草地的土壤营养成分含量显著高于白梭梭荒漠草地;2)短期封育对盐生假木贼荒漠草地土壤系统的碳密度、全氮、全磷和全钾含量的影响较小(P>0.05);3)短期封育下,白梭梭荒漠草地土壤碳密度增加了43.46%(P>0.05),但全磷和全钾分别降低了33.53%(P<0.05)和60.30%(P<0.05)。综上所述,短期封育对盐生假木贼荒漠影响较小,而对白梭梭荒漠草地土壤碳密度的积累有利;同时,导致白梭梭荒漠草地土壤全磷和全钾含量有下降趋势,表明封育效果与荒漠植被类型和土壤类型之间存在密切的关系。     

The Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources — The road to common understanding and agreement

The first International Technical Conference on Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, took place from 3 to 7 September, 2007, in Interlaken, Switzerland. The main achievement of the Conference was the adoption of the Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources, the first ever international framework for the promotion of the wise management of animal genetic resources for food and agriculture, endorsed by governments. The article describes the technical and intergovernmental processes developing the Global Plan of Action. The adoption of the Global Plan of Action has created unprecedented momentum for promoting the sustainable use, development and conservation of the world's livestock diversity. The international community is now facing the challenge to ensure that the Global Plan of Action is effectively implemented.     

成年母牛体况评分及其影响因素分析

体况评分(BCS)是评价奶牛饲养效果好坏、营养代谢正常与否的标志,也是奶牛健康与否的标志之一。体况评分为制订下一阶段的饲养管理措施提供重要依据,同时也受到很多因素的影响。本文旨在研究不同胎次、干奶期、泌乳期、不同的泌乳阶段等影响因素对奶牛体况评分的影响。测定本场2009年3月共219头胎次在0～6胎的中国荷斯坦奶牛体况评分,应用SPSS15.0软件对不同胎次、干奶期、泌乳期、不同的泌乳阶段等影响因素对奶牛体况评分的影响加以分析。结果表明:胎次对奶牛BCS的影响不显著(p0.05);干奶期和泌乳期对奶牛BCS的影响极显著(p0.01);泌乳阶段对BCS的影响极显著(p0.01)。因此提示在实际的生产中应灵活调控各影响因素对体况评分的影响,提高母牛生产性能。     

Src基因研究进展

Src是非受体蛋白酪氨酸激酶家族成员之一,属原癌基因,Src表达及活性异常往往引起乳腺癌、结肠癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、肺癌等某些肿瘤发生、发展。最近研究表明Src基因与乳腺的提前退化及泌乳失败相关。文从Src基因的定位、蛋白质结构、分布及功能等几方面进行简要的介绍。     

家蚕平附种母蛾微粒子病集团抽样检验方法改进研究

以超几何分布和二项分布为基本数学模型,综合现行家蚕母蛾微粒子病集团检验方法的优点,结合广西蚕种生产实际,以集团为单位,设计形成适合平附种的计数二次抽样检验方法。分别从理论和实际两个方面对新方案进行了比较分析。结果表明新方案解决了现行方法有毒集团与有毒蛾数不对等的问题,改进了农业行业标准散卯种方法过于严格,生产方风险过大的问题,改进了农业行业标准平附种方法过于宽松,使用方风险失控的问题,同时检验结果准确,检验工作量少,具有较高的准确性和较好的经济性。     

三峡库区石漠化地区牛粪中钾元素在土壤-甜高粱体系中的分布与利用

为了研究在施用不同量牛粪后土壤-甜高粱体系中钾元素的利用和分布情况,试验分析了牛粪、甜高粱及土壤试验前后速效钾、全钾含量和甜高粱产量。结果表明:试验前在最浅层(0～≤5 cm)土壤中速效钾含量极显著低于>5～≤10 cm、>10～≤15 cm、>15～≤20 cm土层(P<0.01),4个土层土壤钾含量分别为27.73,43.27,42.97,40.40 mg/kg;试验后各土壤层全钾、速效钾含量与试验前相比均有增加;不同施肥处理对甜高粱速效钾含量的影响不显著(P>0.05);施化肥组甜高粱总产量极显著高于其他各组(P<0.01);钾元素在植株茎叶及根系中的富集作用表现为茎叶>根系。说明单施有机肥不是最佳施肥方式,需要有机肥、无机肥混合施入。