播期对油菜"两优586"生育、产量及抗性的影响

研究了播期对油菜"两优586"生育、产量及抗性的影响。结果表明:在江西宜春,"两优586"的最佳播期为10月8日,适宜播期为10月1日～10月15日,产量可达1792.50～1929.75kg/hm2,生育期适中(190d左右),单株有效角果数较多,为345个左右,且抗性较强,发病率低于15%,倒伏率低于10%。     

播期对光叶紫花苕种子生产的影响

通过对不同播种时期（8月15日、8月30日、9月15日、9月30日、10月15日和10月30日）的光叶紫花苕种子生产进行了比较研究，结果表明：不同播期对生育期影响明显，播种越早的其生育期越长。随着播期推迟，其种子产量先增加后减少，在9月15日播种种子产量最高，达1013．55kg／hm^2，10月30日播种种子产量最低，为292．2kg/hm^2。     

Evaluation of turnip-rooted parsley (Petroselinum crispum ssp. tuberosum) for root and foliage production under a warm,Mediterranean climate

Two experiments were undertaken in southern Greece during 2000–2002 in which turnip-rooted parsley was tested for its suitability for cultivation in comparison with locally grown curly-leafed and plain-leafed forms. Plants were harvested when the foliage was acceptable for marketing, rather than on completion of the vegetative cycle, hence root size was relatively small. In year 1, the foliage development of plain-leafed parsley was significantly higher than that of the other two forms, irrespective of sowing date. In year 2, both plain-leafed and curly-leafed parsley produced more foliage than turnip-rooted parsley in the early sowing (November), but not in subsequent sowings (December and February). During both years, root development was higher in turnip-rooted parsley than in curly-leafed parsley, although in the November and February sowings of year 1 the root weight of both plain-leafed and turnip-rooted forms were similar. In all three types of parsley, foliage yield fell off significantly in the spring sowing (February), and in year 1 there was a considerable decrease in root production as well. In most cultivars, foliage weight was higher when plants were grown from transplanted seedlings rather than by direct sowing, whereas the effect of sowing method on root weight was sowing date dependent. Cultivar differences in the foliage weight of direct sown and transplanted plants were reflected by differences in plant height and, in some cases, by leaf number. It is concluded that although overall turnip-rooted parsley produced rather less foliage than that plain-leafed parsley, this was compensated for by the satisfactory production of roots and therefore turnip-rooted cultivars may constitute a suitable crop for introduction to the Mediterranean region.     

Reduced inter-row distance improves yield and competition against weeds in a semi-dwarf durum wheat variety

Weed and nutrient management in cropping systems of semi-arid areas is a major constraint to cereal yield. Where the use of herbicides is banned or discouraged, the competitive ability of a crop is crucial to reduce weed growth and diffusion. Genotypic differences in the competitive abilities of crops are an important trait to reduce weeds, especially for plant height. However, there is contrasting information about the interactions of other management practices and genotypic traits on wheat yield and competitive ability against weeds and weed growth. The present study investigated yield and quality of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and weed growth and composition for two wheat cultivars with contrasting competitive abilities against weeds. Wheat was grown under three spatial arrangements (5-cm, 15-cm, 25-cm inter-row distance) and three sowing densities, and broadleaf weeds were either removed or not. The sowing rate did not affect the yield of these wheat cultivars or the weed growth. Reduced inter-row distance dramatically reduced weed biomass for both wheat cultivars, and increased wheat yield and nitrogen uptake in the low-competitive, high-yielding, semi-dwarf cv. ‘PR22D89’, when both weed free and with weeds. These results have direct implications for weed and nutrient management in low-input and organic cropping systems.     

南方春大豆不同播季主要农艺性状的变化及其遗传研究

本文以１２个南方春大豆早熟品种（系）和１２个中熟品种（系）为材料，进行春，秋播试验，研究主要农艺性状的秋播变异率，遗传变异系数，遗传力和遗传进度，结果表明：１，两熟期组秋播变异率平均，除分枝起点为负值以外，其它１１个性状在２．３６％－５２．８８％之间，说明秋播对为结性状均有一定影响；熟期组之间各性状秋播变异率的大小亦存在较大差异，如秋播对早熟组株高，主茎节数，结荚节数，结荚高度，主茎荚数和百粒重的     

播期对大豆开花及产量的影响

通过对不同播期条件下大豆开花结英规律的调查，建立了大豆开花模式，结果表明，在大豆开放小花数量累积的概率与开花日序呈对数函数关系。回归模型为：ＹＰ＝Ａ＋Ｂ．Ｌｎｘ；确定了不同播种时期处理的，“有效花期”范围；分析表明“有效花期”较长，落花落英率较小，产量罗高。“有效花期”长短与结英率及产量具有一定的相关关系，不同处理的产量差异达极显著水平。     

播量与秧龄对优质常规水稻黄华占机械育秧秧苗素质的影响

以优质水稻品种黄花占机械育苗为研究对象,探讨在陕西汉中4月20日左右播种育时播量与秧龄对秧苗素质的影响。结果表明：在陕西汉中地区,4月20日左右播种,黄花占机械育秧秧龄在25 d左右,每平方厘米播1.8~2.4粒稻种较为适宜,秧苗素质利于机械插秧,此时,苗高12~14 cm,茎基宽2.4~3.1 mm,成苗率在80%左右。     

阔叶槭物候特征及播种育苗试验

为了合理利用和开发阔叶槭资源,本文通过多年观测总结了阔叶槭的物候特征和变色特性,并从种子采集、种子处理、基质选择、播种等方面探索了阔叶槭的育苗方法。结果表明：阔叶槭3月下旬到4月上中旬展叶并开花结果,变色时间为11月初至12月初,落叶时间为11月中旬至12月上中旬;低温湿沙层积处理可以解除其休眠特性;采用体积配比为珍珠岩∶河沙∶草炭=1∶2∶2的基质进行播种育苗可以有效提高阔叶槭的出苗率。     

不同播期对威芋5号产量及生长发育的影响

以马铃薯威芋5号为试验材料,研究在威宁县不同播期对威芋5号生理指标和产量的影响。试验结果表明,3月23日播种,威芋5号产量最高,可达2 116.46 kg/667 m2,纯收入为1 134.81元/667 m2,经济效益显著,而不同播期对威芋5号生育期影响不大。     

施肥对核桃楸床播育苗的影响

[目的]研究施肥对核桃楸床播育苗的影响,达到培育优质壮苗的目的。[方法]研究不同施肥种类及施肥量对核桃楸苗木的茎干、根系生长等特性的影响。[结果]当施尿素15 g/m2+磷酸二氢钾15 g/m2时,苗木在苗高、地径、主根长、侧根数等指标均高于不施肥和其他施肥处理,有利于优质壮苗的培育。[结论]在生长季以施尿素15 g/m2+磷酸二氢钾15 g/m2或磷钾复合肥时,苗木的整体质量最优。