NaCl和Na2CO3对星星草生长及营养液中主要矿质元素存在状态的影响

星星草生长在０－６００ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＮａＣｌ和０－２００ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ２ＣＯ３的盐胁迫下，测定了其生长状况及营养液中主要矿质离子的游离度、活度等。结果表明：相同Ｎａ＾＋活度下，Ｎａ２ＣＯ３对星星草的生长尤其是根生长的抑制作用明显大于ＮａＣｌ。     

偏重亚硫酸钠钝化生豆粕胰蛋白酶抑制因子的研究

试验用不同浓度的Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ５处理生豆粕，进行适宜水平研究。结果表明，当生豆粕ＴＩＡ和ＵＡ分别为２９．７２酶活单位和１．９５△ｐＨ时，分别用０．３％、０．４％、０．５％和０．６％ＮａＳ２Ｏ５处理ＲＳＢＭ，ＴＩＡ依次降低了５１．８％、５５．９６％、５９．８３％和５２．０５％，均极显著地低于ＲＳＢＭ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。０．３％Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ５对ＵＡ无影响，其它处理ＵＡ提高约０．０６△ｐＨ。     

镉中毒解毒机理的研究：硒化合物的预防和治疗作用初探

对大鼠组织胞液(Cytosol)的体外试验结果表明:亚硒酸钠、硒酸钠及硒化钠以明显影响[~(109)Cd]标记的氯化镉在组织胞液中的分布。硒酸钠、亚硒酸钠有较强的封闭金属硫蛋白(MT)与镉结合部位、激活分子量较大的蛋白质,捕获胞液中[~(109)Cd]的作用,还可使已经和MT结合的[~(109)Cd]被剥离,随后,[~(109)Cd]转入分子量较大的蛋白质上;亚硒酸钠还可使[~(109)Cd]转入分子量为32000～35000的蛋白质上。硒化钠仅有较弱的剥离与MT结合的镉,使之转入分子量较大的蛋白质上,但几乎不能阻止镉与MT结合。镉与大、中分子量蛋白质结合力远较它与MT的结合力弱,因而以能有利于镉被排出体外。     

Effects of dietary sodium on the expression of angiotensinogen mRNA in myocardium of rats with congestive heart failure

AIM:This study was designed to investigate the effects of sodium restriction and sodium supplementation on the expression of angiotensinogen mRNA in myocardium of rats with congestive heart failure(CHF).METHODS:Radioimmunassay and in situ hybridization techniques were used to determine the angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ)contents and the expression of angiotensinogen(ANG)mRNA in myocardium, respectively.RESULTS: In sodium restricted group, the plasma sodium was obviously lower than that in CHF group(P＜0.05), while the contents of AngⅡ,the expression of ANG mRNA in myocardium and the ratio of heart weight/body weight(HW/BW)were significantly higher than those in CHF group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01). It was also found that the AngⅡ, the mRNA contents in rat myocardium and the ratio of HW/BW were not significantly changed in case of sodium supplementation. CONCLUSION:Restriction of sodium intake can further activate the local renin-angiotensin system in CHF heart.     

Frequencies of the M918I mutation in the sodium channel of the diamondback moth in China, Thailand and Japan and its association with pyrethroid resistance

In addition to the allele frequencies of the L1014F and T929I mutations which are involved in nerve-insensitive resistance to a pyrethroid, those of the M918I mutation were examined using field strains obtained in China, Thailand, and Japan during 2009-2011. Results show that the resistance allele frequencies at the L1014F site were 89-100%, 97-100% and 65-85%, respectively, for strains in China, Thailand, and Japan. The respective allele frequencies at the T929I site were 86-100%, 70-97% and 58-84% for Chinese, Thai, and Japanese strains. With low frequencies up to 27%, M918I was found in Japan and China, but not in Thailand. The strain homozygous for the M918I and L1014F mutations was established and its resistance level to a pyrethroid was examined. The strain lacks a portion of the sodium channel gene corresponding to the 3′ portion of exon 18a, intron 18, and the 5′ portion of exon 18b. Nevertheless, the strain showed a similar level of resistance to that which was homozygous for the T929I and L1014F mutations.     

次氯酸钠防治组培苗污染的研究

[目的]探讨次氯酸钠对植物组培苗污染的防治效果。[方法]以马铃薯和切花菊组培苗为试验材料,在MS培养基中分别加入5、10、20、30和40 mg/L次氯酸钠,分析抑菌剂次氯酸钠对组培苗枯草杆菌污染的防治效果。[结果]经过2～3次转接后,5和10 mg/L次氯酸钠对马铃薯和切花菊组培苗的抑菌效果较好,该浓度处理组2种组培苗均未出现污染,且苗木生长较好,但随着浓度的升高次氯酸钠防治效果明显下降。综合分析认为,次氯酸钠浓度在5～10 mg/L之间是防治马铃薯和切花菊组培苗污染的适宜浓度,可达到消除污染目的,其中适宜的转接周期为5～6 d。[结论]该研究结果为利用次氯酸钠消除枯草杆菌、防治马铃薯及切花菊组培苗污染提供了试验依据。     

羧甲基甲壳素/海藻酸钠水凝胶溶胀性能及蛋白质控释性能研究

将羧甲基甲壳素与海藻酸钠共混制备复合水凝胶,并探讨了pH、海藻酸钠与羧甲基甲壳素的共混比例、海藻酸钠浓度、交联剂用量等因素对其溶胀性能的影响。结果表明,当两者的共混比例为4∶6、海藻酸钠浓度为4.5%、羧甲基壳聚糖浓度为5.0%、交联剂用量为0.30时,水凝胶的溶胀率较大;在pH=1.2时,BSA的释放率为5.60%,而当pH=7.4时,BSA的累积释放率达到79.80%。该水凝胶能在胃部的酸性环境中保护大分子药物,从而将其运载到高pH的肠道中并释放,显示出用于口服药物缓释体系的应用潜力。     

人参二醇组皂苷对缺氧损伤的保护作用研究

[目的]研究人参二醇组皂苷对缺氧损伤的保护作用。[方法]将昆明种小鼠在饲喂不同剂量的人参二醇组皂苷一定时间后,注射亚硝酸钠,建立缺氧损伤模型,观察小鼠的生存时间。[结果]给药3周后,试验小鼠体重稍有增加,但各组之间并无明显差异;在试验给予的剂量条件下,人参二醇组皂苷能够明显延长小鼠的生存时间。[结论]人参二醇组皂苷具有一定的亚硝酸钠缺氧损伤保护作用,可以作为缺氧、缺血性损伤保护作用的药物来源。     

酒精阳性乳奶牛血清和乳Na、K水平分析

目的:研究酒精阳性乳患牛血清和鲜乳的钠、钾含量的变化,探索了钠、钾与奶牛酒精阳性乳的关系,为临床治疗提供科学依据。方法:用68%的酒精全群检测酒精阳性乳,用72%的酒精测定68%的酒精阳性乳,再用75%酒精测定72%的酒精阳性乳,然后将其分为75%酒精阴性(对照组)、75%酒精阳性、72%酒精阳性和68%酒精阳性4个组,在每组牛群中选择产奶量、胎次、年龄、泌乳期相近的6头奶牛分别组成1、2、3、4组。连续3周对各组奶牛行采血和采乳,通过火焰光度计法测定血清和全乳中的钠、钾含量。结果:2、3、4组奶牛血清中钠、钾的含量显著地低于1组(对照组)(P<0.05)。结论:实验结果显示血清中钠和钾的含量均显著下降,故在临床治疗上可以通过饲料添加NaHCO3,NaCl或静脉输入5%的NaHCO3或NaCl,通过这些方法治疗酒精阳性乳患牛;全乳中钠、钾的含量降低使鲜乳稳定性降低,但并未失去利用价值,可以合理地利用。     

不同载体包埋食用菌菌种的实验研究

分别用海藻酸钠、聚乙烯醇、卡拉胶、明胶、醋酸纤维素和聚丙烯酰胺作载体,对食用菌菌种进行固定化实验,结果显示以10%聚乙烯醇添加0.8%海藻酸钠为包埋剂进行菌种固定化,所制备的固定化菌种其机械强度和细胞活性都最好。