论素质教育的特征及实施

经济发展、社会进步、科技发达要依赖劳动者素质的提高，劳动者素质的提高要依赖素质教育，素质教育是全面提高公民思想道德、文化素养、身心素质等方面发展水平的教育。文中论述了素质教育的含义、结构、特征与实施方法。同时比较分析了素质教育与应试教育的区别，进一步明确了素质教育的特点和宗旨。     

大果优质草莓引种研究初报

本文引入国内其它单位选育或引入的大果优质草莓新品种，进行了主要性状的观察记载，结果表明：在广州气候条件下，弗吉利亚，美丰，哈尼，丰香表现最好，全明星表现一般，硕蜜，９３０４两个品种基本不适应广州地区栽培。     

Effects of Soil Characters on the Tea Quality in the Tea Region of Qin-Ba Mountain,Hubei Province,PR China

Based on the analysis of physical and chemical properties of soil,nutrient elements and biochemical compositions of tea leaves,the relationship between soil characters and tea quality was studied.The results showed that soil total phosphorus,potassium,available potassium,copper and zinc were the main factors which affected and limited the content of nutrient elements of tea leaves.Furthermore,soil pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,potassium,exchangeable calcium,magnesium,available copper and zinc were the main factors affecting and limiting the content of biochemical compositions in tea leaves.Tea quality could be improved by controlling these soil factors.     

浅析高校图书馆信息素质教育

信息素质已成为大学生适应信息时代必备的基本素质。图书馆作为信息素质教育的重要阵地,肩负着义不容辞的责任。结合工作实际,分析了高校图书馆信息素质教育存在的问题,并提出了相应的发展对策。     

利用X射线照相术进行种子质量检测分析

阐述了X射线照相术作为快速有效的检测手段,是如何探测种子的内部结构、各种损伤及病菌侵染程度,并进行植物种子质量检测分析。该项技术可广泛应用于植物种子质量检测、品种选育、遗传资源的长期保存、粮食储存及食品加工原料质量分析等领域。     

中微量元素对雪茄烟叶的施用效果

为了探究不同中微量元素在雪茄烟上的施用效果，本研究采用田间试验的方法，对比了增施不同中微量元素肥料对雪茄烟烟叶产量、产值、等级结构及表观品质的影响。中微量元素施用能够提高烟叶总产量，其中施用锌肥总产量提升最高可达1716kg/hm2。施用Ca、Mg、Zn和B通过提高中上部烟叶茄衣、茄套产量，改善烟叶等级结构，从而提高产值。施用B处理茄衣产量和烟叶产值均最高，分别可达到21.36%和16.7万元/hm2。施用中微量元素能调节叶表观质量以及烟叶化学协调性，但并无显著性提升。因此，在丹江口烟区增施中微量元素有利于雪茄烟生长，其中增施适宜B肥有利于烟叶产量、茄衣产量及经济价值的提升。     

知识经济社会：素质教育与教育素质

本从人类社会发展的角度阐述了在知识经济社会里化素质教育的基础，创新素质教育是素质教育的发展，教育素质是素质教育的前提和保证，素质教育是教育素质的最终体现。     

Effects of best management practices on dry matter production and fruit production efficiency of oil palm

Enhancing dry matter production with higher partitioning to fruit bunches is important for sustainable intensification of oil palm. A series of best management practices including site-specific nutrient management, canopy management, and harvesting has been developed for oil palm plantations. However, the effects of these practices on dry matter production and partitioning, and how the effects vary with climatic and soil conditions of plantation sites, remain largely unknown. We established a four-year field trial including 30 paired commercial blocks across Sumatra and Kalimantan, Indonesia. The paired treatments included site-specific best management practices, and standard estate practices as the control. The annual production of aboveground dry matter was 30.0 ± 0.5 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (mean ± se) under best management practices, higher than 28.8 ± 0.5 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ under standard estate practices. The bunch index, an indicator of the fruit production efficiency, increased by 12% under best management practices compared to standard estate practices. Partitioning of dry matter to the fronds decreased by 8% under best management practices, compared to standard estate practices. The positive effect of best management practices on the annual production of total aboveground dry matter was stronger in the plantation site with higher annual rainfall. These results are useful for optimizing management practices to improve sustainable intensification of oil palm.     

基于PID的饲料制粒调质温度控制系统设计与试验

为解决颗粒饲料在制粒过程中调质温度依赖人工辅助控制问题，该研究设计了基于PID控制算法的调质温度控制系统。采用开环阶跃响应法建立电动比例调节阀与调质温度之间的控制模型。为了得到最优的PID控制参数(比例系数K_p、积分系数T_i、微分系数T_d)，通过Simulink仿真试验对比了Ziegler-Nichols整定法、衰减曲线法和临界比例度法的PID响应曲线，确定PID最优控制参数为K_p=52.7,T_i=6.4,T_d=1.6。对小型制粒机调质温度控制系统进行试验，选用哺乳母猪配合粉料，调质温度分别设定为75、80和85℃，稳定后的调质温度均能维持在设定范围内；选取调质温度为80℃进行稳定性试验，每1 min记录调质温度，整个试验过程中调质温度基本稳定在(80±1)℃范围内，调质温度平均相对误差小于1%，调质温度变异系数小于0.5%，系统温度控制稳定，可自动采集制粒生产数据，实现了制粒过程中调质温度的快速响应和实时控制。研究结果可为颗粒饲料制粒机的自动化控制提供参...     

密集烘烤后期不同风机转速对烤后烟叶内在品质的影响

为探索当前密集烘烤过程里循环风机不同转速对烤后烟叶内在品质的影响,分析烘烤后期循环风机转速与烟叶香吃味之间的关系,试验以烟草品种南江3号中部叶为材料,研究了干筋期烟叶烘烤循环风机转速对烤后烟叶主要化学成分协调性和评吸质量的影响.结果表明,烘烤开始至52℃范围内风机转速采用1 450 r/min、52～60℃范围内风机转速采用960 r/min、60～65℃至烘烤结束风机转速采用720r/min进行通风,可以提高烤后烟叶内在品质,促进化学成分协调性,有利于石油醚提取物含量的积累,能够明显改善烤后烟叶的香吃味.