将生物多样性纳入环境影响评价的机制探讨

探讨了如何在环境影响评价的各环节中全面考虑生物多样性问题,阐明了将生物多样性影响评价纳入环境影响评价过程的机制。     

橡胶树叶柄愈伤组织乳管细胞的组织化学和分子生物学研究

橡胶树乳管分化研究主要以树皮为研究材料。本研究通过组织化学染色法、尼罗红荧光染色法、免疫组织化学法和分子生物学方法证实橡胶树叶柄来源的愈伤组织中存在乳管细胞。乳管细胞在叶柄愈伤组织中随机分布,分布模式类似橡胶树初生乳管;叶柄愈伤组织乳管细胞在发育早期时橡胶粒子较少,在发育后期时充满橡胶粒子。RT-PCR扩增出叶柄愈伤组织乳管细胞的橡胶延伸因子(REF)、小橡胶粒子蛋白(SRPP)、橡胶凝集素(hevein)和橡胶转移酶(CPT)等胶乳特异基因的转录本,经比对它们序列与所报道的橡胶树树干胶乳中表达的基因序列一致,表明橡胶树叶柄愈伤组织乳管细胞拥有树皮乳管细胞相似的功能,为叶柄愈伤组织作为一种新型的研究乳管分化的模式提供了科学依据。     

Oral Recombinant Feline Interferon-Omega as an alternative immune modulation therapy in FIV positive cats: Clinical and laboratory evaluation

Recombinant-Feline Interferon-Omega (rFeIFN-ω) is an immune-modulator licensed for use subcutaneously in Feline Immunodeficiency virus (FIV) therapy. Despite oral protocols have been suggested, little is known about such use in FIV-infected cats. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical improvement, laboratory findings, concurrent viral excretion and acute phase proteins (APPs) in naturally FIV-infected cats under oral rFeIFN-ω therapy (0.1 MU/cat rFeIFN-ω PO, SID, 90 days). 11 FIV-positive cats were treated with oral rFeIFN-ω (PO Group). Results were compared to previous data from 7 FIV-positive cats treated with the subcutaneous licensed protocol (SC Group). Initial clinical scores were similar in both groups. Independently of the protocol, rFeIFN-ω induced a significant clinical improvement of treated cats. Concurrent viral excretion and APP’s variation were not significant in the PO Group. Oral rFeIFN-ω can be an effective alternative therapy for FIV-infected cats, being also an option for treatment follow-up in cats submitted to the licensed protocol.     

灰色动态模型群法在河流水质预测中的应用初探

在对原始数据序列对数变换的基础上，依据灰色系统理论，构造了由6个GM（1，1）模型组成的灰色动态模型群，并用于淮河干流枯水期氨氮浓度变化趋势预测。研究表明，灰色动态模型群法能够充分利用近期水质资料信息预测水质变化趋势；相对单个GM（1，1）模型，灰色动态模型群法能有效改善随机波动数据序列的拟合效果，提高预测精度。     

马齿苋ISSR-PCR反应体系与反应条件的优化

[目的]优化马齿苋ISSR-PCR反应体系与反应条件。[方法]以马齿苋为试验材料,采用改良的CTAB法提取总DNA,对ISSRPCR引物进行筛选,同时进行ISSR-PCR反应体系和反应条件的优化,电泳检测ISSR-PCR产物。[结果]8个ISSR引物适合马齿苋的ISSR-PCR分析;最适反应体系为总体系25.0μL,其中2×Taq Platinum PCR Master Mix 12.5μL,10μmol/L引物2.0μL,40 mg/L DNA模板1.0μL,dd H_2O 9.5μL;最适反应条件为94℃预变性360 s;94℃变性60 s,54℃退火60 s,72℃延伸90 s,30次循环;72℃再延伸300 s。[结论]建立了马齿苋ISSR-PCR扩增的最佳反应体系和扩增程序,为进一步研究马齿苋提供基础资料。     

产黄酮银杏内生菌的分离与鉴定

从健康银杏植株中分离到126株内生菌,并通过HPLC-UV检测方法筛选到8株内生菌产黄酮类物质。用察氏平板培养基分离菌株,根据菌株的菌落形态、大小、颜色、生长速率、质地、生长培养基颜色变化以及菌丝体和孢子的形态特征进行鉴定。初步鉴定结果分别属于匐柄霉、丛梗孢属、交链孢属、镰孢霉属、赤霉属、蜜孢霉、放线菌属和暗梗单孢霉属。     

不同提取方法对新型促孕灌注液有效成分含量的影响

分别采用水提取(WE)、半仿生提取(SBE)、水提醇沉(WAE)和半仿生醇沉(SBAE)法提取中药新型促孕灌注液(NFPL),测定提取液中有效成分淫羊藿苷、小檗碱、总生物碱和干浸膏的含量,比较不同提取方法对NFPL提取效果的影响.结果表明:SBE法4个指标的综合评价值最大,达26.4160,大于WE法的-2.3243,SBAE法的为-4.0980,大于WAE法的-19.9953.可见SBE法优于WE法,SBAE法优于WAE法,用SBAE法能够提高NFPL有效成分的含量.     

Influence of selenium on oxidoreductive enzymes activity in soil and in plants

The aim of this greenhouse experiment was the assessment of the influence of H₂SeO₃ at soil concentrations of 0.05, 0.15 and 0.45 mmol kg⁻¹, on the activity of selected oxidoreductive enzymes in wheat (Triticum aestivum). The wheat plants were grown in 2 dm³ pots filled with dust-silt black soil of pH 7.7. Applied H₂SeO₃ caused activation of plant nitrate reductase at all concentrations, but activation of plant polyphenol oxidase at only two lower concentrations. The highest concentration caused inhibition of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase. Plant catalase activity decreased under the influence of 0.15 and 0.45 mmol kg⁻¹ concentration. After the final analysis Se was quantified in plants and soil. The amounts in plants were: control (unamended soil) 1.95 mg kg⁻¹; I dose (0.05 mmol kg⁻¹) 18.27 mg kg⁻¹; II dose (0.15 mmol kg⁻¹) 33.20 mg kg⁻¹ and III dose (0.45 mmol kg⁻¹) 38.37 mg kg⁻¹, in soil: 0.265 mg kg⁻¹; 3.61 mg kg⁻¹; 10.53 mg kg⁻¹; 30.53 mg kg⁻¹; respectively. Simultaneously, a laboratory experiment was performed, where the activity of soil catalase and peroxidase were tested after 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 112 days after Se treatment. Peroxidase activity in soil decreased with increasing Se content, over the whole experiment. The lowest dose of Se caused activation a significant 10% increase in catalase activity, but the influence of others doses was unclear.     

东港灌区运行状况综合评价研究

在灌区续建配套与节水改造规划工作实施的基础上，拟建了一套合理的评价指标体系，利用层次分析法（AHP）确定评价指标的权重，建立了模糊综合评判（FCE）数学模型，并运用该模型对东港市的三个灌区的运行状况进行综合评价，评价结果与实际情况吻合良好。