猪子宫内膜肥大细胞消涨规律初探

雌性小型猪１５头，分为二月龄、间情期、民情前期、发情期、妊娠期等六组。颈动脉放血处死，取子宫组织，经甲苯胺改良法和免疫组化法染色，观察肥大细胞的动态变化。子宫内膜肥大细胞的数量随个体的生长而增加。在发情周期中肥大细胞的数量呈规律性的变化：在民情前期一时性地剧增，至发情期陡然降至显著低于间情期的水平，在妊娠期也维持低于间情期的水平。本实验的结果提示，子宫内膜肥大细胞的数量可能反映子宫局部的免疫水平。     

Microconidia act the role as spermatia in the sexual reproduction of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Botrytis cinerea</Emphasis>

In the sexual reproductive cycle of Botrytis cinerea, large numbers of microconidia were observed in all the crosses that formed sexual bodies. To clarify the role of the microconidia in sexual reproduction, they were separated using a sucrose density gradient and then used in crossing tests with fungal sclerotia. Sexual bodies were formed in all the crosses in the five mating combinations, demonstrating that microconidia are able to function as spermatia during sexual reproduction of B. cinerea.     

谢瓦氏曲霉间型变种veA基因全长克隆及序列分析

为进一步研究谢瓦氏曲霉间型变种中veA基因的结构及其与有性发育的关系,以谢瓦氏曲霉间型变种为有性发育研究材料对veA基因进行全长克隆,根据已克隆到的veA保守区片段设计基因特异性引物(GSP),使用RACE技术从总RNA克隆到了长度为2 515 bp的veA基因的cDNA。序列分析表明,该cDNA编码有562个氨基酸残基,其预测蛋白质序列与丝状真菌的其他种相应预测蛋白质比对结果发现,其相似性较好,保守区序列集中于蛋白质的N端。进一步研究表明,该基因开放阅读框内只含一个内含子,长度为54 bp,位于起始密码子下游149 bp处。说明,已成功地从谢瓦氏曲霉间型变种中克隆到了veA基因。     

沙柳木蠹蛾性行为的生物学特性

沙柳木蠹蛾(Holcocerus arenicola staudinger)是为害沙柳(Salix psammophila)根部的一种钻蛀性害虫。通过对沙柳木蠹蛾羽化行为、性比和寿命的调查,对各日龄雌蛾求偶和交尾发生时间的统计分析,明确了沙柳木蠹蛾性行为的动态节律。结果表明:沙柳木蠹蛾在19:00～21:00羽化最为集中;雌雄性比平均为0.66∶1;成虫平均寿命4.8±2.2d,其中雌蛾的寿命稍高于雄蛾。雌蛾在进入暗期1～2h内求偶行为明显,最大求偶百分率出现在羽化后的第二晚。1日龄成虫的交配高峰在暗周期的前2h,而2～4日龄成虫的交配高峰是在暗期的1h内;交配持续的平均时间为38.41±11.42min。随着蛾龄的增大,雌虫的求偶和交配行为发生的时间提前。沙柳木蠹蛾的性活动高峰出现在羽化后连续3个暗周期的前半段,可作为利用性信息素防治沙柳木蠹蛾最佳时段的参考依据。     

大豆有性杂交技术初探

有性杂交是大豆育种工作中不可缺少的一个重要环节,它具有目标性、方向性强的特点,也是我国育成品种最多的育种方法。经过多年的杂交研究工作,总结出一些实用的杂交方法,以供参考。     

Ontogenetic variation and craniometric sexual dimorphism in the social giant mole-rat,Fukomys mechowii (Rodentia: Bathyergidae), from Zambia

The degree of maxillary molar tooth-row eruption and wear were used to assign samples of the social giant mole-rat, Fukomys mechowii, from Zambia, into nine relative age classes in order to assess ontogenetic (age) variation and craniometric sexual dimorphism, with reference to body mass. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses showed craniometric differences between age classes 1–3 and age classes 5–9, with age class 4 being intermediate between these two age class groupings. This suggests that age class 4 lies at a point on a hypothetical growth curve where growth begins to stabilize. The intermediate placement of age class 4 in multivariate space broadly coincided with body mass categorizations into juveniles (age classes 1–3; <100 g), subadults (age class 4; c. 100–150 g), and adults (age classes 5–9; >150 g). The analyses also revealed the absence of sexual dimorphism in the relatively younger age classes 1–4 but its presence in the relatively older age classes 5–9, and these results are supported by data on body mass. These results may have implications in our understanding of the population and social structures, and reproductive strategies in this little-studied giant mole-rat.     

桐花树生态习性研究

通过对红树植物桐花树群落特性、生理特征及其遗传多样性的研究,阐述深圳福田红树林湿地的红树植物桐花树的生态特性,及其湿地系统的可持续利用和发展。     

中国林蛙胚胎发育的研究进展

对中国林蛙胚胎发育时期的划分、胚胎期的性腺发育和性别分化、胚胎发育的温度效应等研究进行了综述。根据形态特征和生理功能,中国林蛙早期胚胎发育划分为25个时期。中国林蛙在胚胎发育到24期以前性腺并没有分化,在24期以后其原生殖细胞向雌性和雄性2个方向分化。胚胎在7～22℃温度范围内均能正常发育,在15～25℃范围内,温度越高,雄性比例越大。     

模糊相似优先比在内蒙引种区划中的应用

以内蒙周边各省主要城市以及内蒙九盟三市近十年的气候资料为基础，选取均降雨量，年均温度、相对湿度、极端高温、极端低温五个气候要素为相似因子，用模糊相似先比区划出了内蒙各主要地区引种驯化容易成功的序列。     

Ultrastructural studies of spermatia of grey mould (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Botryotinia fuckeliana</Emphasis>)

To investigate maturation of spermatia of Botryotinia fuckeliana, we examined micro-structural changes in spermatia in liquid culture. Three to four spherical lipid bodies were seen in the center of the cell at the start of culturing. After 3–7 days, maturing spermatia had developed large mitochondria along with extensively developed granular endoplasmic reticulum. In contrast, the lipid bodies decreased not only in number but also in size over time. The results obtained here suggest that the maturation of spermatia involves active cell metabolism using the energy supply from lipid bodies.